New synonyms established: X. neglectum (Gounelle, 1911) = Callichroma (Xystochroma) equestriforme Schmidt, 1924 syn. nov.; X. graclipes (Bates, 1879) = Callichroma (Xystochroma) planipenne Schmidt, 1924 syn. nov. = Callichroma (Xystochroma) cuprisuturatum Zajciw, 1965 syn. nov. New species described from Brazil: X. femoratum sp. nov., from Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul; X. echinatum sp. nov. from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo; from Venezuela: X. incomptum sp. nov., from Amazonas. A key to the species of Xystochroma is provided.
Cerambycinae; new species; new synonyms; South-America; Xystochroma