We investigated the fauna of larval Chironomidae in accumulations of submerged organic matter (litter) in a first-order stream in the mountain region (about 1000 m a.s.l.) of Rio de Janeiro state. The Chironomidae fauna of submerged litter was quantitatively sampled during autumn, winter, spring and summer. Litter fragmentation was estimated and the presence of leaves, wood, roots and fruits was investigated. Variations in the chironomid fauna composition and litter structure were studied, and hypotheses about factors influencing chironomid in these litter accumulations were proposed. The subfamilies Chironominae, Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae were present and frequency participation of each subfamily and genus was calculated for each season. The Chironominae and Orthocladiinae were identified to genus level, and a total of 23 genera were found. Lauterborniella, Polypedilum and Tanytarsus were the most abundant genera. We observed a variation in the submerged litter structure among seasons, which is probably influenced by geological and climatic factors (mainly precipitation) affecting the drainage basin. The structure of the chironomid fauna changed during the studied period, with genera varying in participation and occurrence among the four seasons. Climatic effects on riparian vegetation and on stream physical characteristics were discussed in order to elucidate their influence on submerged litter accumulations and the chironomid fauna structure.
Aquatic insects; substrate; stream ecology; tropical forest
