Evolution of the report of suffering bullying among Brazilian schoolchildren: National Scholl Health Survey - 2009 to 2015

Mello, Flávia Carvalho Malta; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Santos, Maria Goreth; Silva, Marta Maria Alves da; Silva, Marta Angélica Iossi

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Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. bras. epidemiol. 21 (suppl 1) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720180015.supl.1 copy

Evolution of the report of suffering bullying among Brazilian schoolchildren: National Scholl Health Survey - 2009 to 2015

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Introduction:

The purpose of this paper was to compare the tendency of bullying across Brazilian capitals, considering the editions of National Scholl Health Survey (PeNSE) 2009, 2012 and 2015, and to describe the prevalence of bullying by sex, age and administrative dependence of the school in the 2015 sample.

Methodology:

The prevalence of bullying and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were assessed per State capital and for all capitals. 95%CI was used to check for differences in the period. In the last edition, two samples were analyzed: sample 1 represents the students of the 9th year of Elementary School and sample 2 holds students from 13 to 17 years of age, from the 6th to 9th grade of Elementary and High Schools.

Results:

The report of suffering bullying by 9th graders in Brazilian capitals increased from 5.4% (95%CI 5.1 - 5.7), in 2009, to 7.2% (95%CI 6.6 - 7.8), in 2012, staying at 7.4% (95%CI 7.1 - 7.7) in 2015. Descriptive analysis for Brazil showed variation by age, as adolescents aged 13 years suffered more bullying than those aged 14, 15 and 16 years. Boys usually report more this problem than girls, as well as public school students, but with overlapping CI.

Discussion:

The study pointed 37% increase in the prevalence of bullying between 2009 and 2015 in Brazilian capitals by.

Conclusion:

This study reiterates that Brazilian schools are still a space for violence reproduction, which makes it urgent to make progress in prevention and minimization of bullying at schools based on the concept of health promotion and integral care.

Keywords:
Bullying; Adolescents; Violence; Vulnerability; Intersectoral collaboration; Survey

	2009 (n = 60,973)		2012 (n = 109,104)		2015 (n = 102,301)
	%	95%CI	%	95%CI	%	95%CI
Total	5.4	5.1 - 5.7	7.2	6.6 - 7.8	7.4	7.1 - 7.7
Porto Velho	4.1	3.2 - 5.0	5.1	4.1 - 6.3	7.0	5.7 - 8.3
Rio Branco	5.8	4.6 - 6.9	8.2	6.3 - 10.4	8.2	6.8 - 9.7
Manaus	4.8	3.7 - 6.0	5	4.0 - 6.2	7.8	6.9 - 8.8
Boa Vista	6.5	5.3 - 7.7	6.8	5.7 - 7.9	7.3	6.0 - 8.5
Belém	4.2	3.3 - 5.1	4.7	3.9 - 5.6	4.9	3.8 - 6.0
Macapá	4.5	3.6 - 5.4	6.4	5.4 - 7.4	6.9	5.7 - 8.1
Palmas	3.5	2.6 - 4.5	6.6	5.4 - 8.0	6.5	5.2 - 7.8
São Luís	4.8	3.9 - 5.6	5.3	4.5 - 6.3	6.3	4.9 - 7.6
Teresina	4.8	3.9 - 5.7	5	4.1 - 6.0	5.5	4.5 - 6.5
Fortaleza	4.8	3.8 - 5.9	6.4	5.4 - 7.6	6.8	5.3 - 8.2
Natal	4.2	3.3 - 5.1	6.4	5.1 - 7.9	5.4	4.4 - 6.5
João Pessoa	5.5	4.5 - 6.6	6.2	5.2 - 7.4	5.5	4.6 - 6.5
Recife	5.7	4.7 - 6.7	6.9	6.0 - 7.9	6.7	5.5 - 8.0
Maceió	5.3	4.0 - 6.5	5.1	4.2 - 6.1	5.7	4.4 - 6.9
Aracaju	4.6	3.7 - 5.6	5.6	4.6 - 6.7	6.5	5.4 - 7.7
Salvador	4.2	3.2 - 5.1	6.9	5.7 - 8.2	4.9	3.8 - 6.0
Belo Horizonte	6.9	5.9 - 7.9	7.6	6.5 - 8.8	7.6	6.4 - 8.8
Vitória	5.6	4.5 - 6.6	8.1	6.8 - 9.6	6.8	5.6 - 8.1
Rio de Janeiro	5.6	4.7 - 6.5	6.2	5.1 - 7.4	6.1	4.9 - 7.3
São Paulo	5.6	4.7 - 6.6	8	6.8 - 9.3	7.9	6.8 - 9.1
Curitiba	5.7	4.7 - 6.7	7.1	5.8 - 8.6	6.5	5.4 - 7.6
Florianópolis	4.5	3.6 - 5.4	4.9	4.1 - 5.9	4.4	3.4 - 5.5
Porto Alegre	4.7	3.6 - 5.8	4.9	3.8 - 6.2	5.3	4.0 - 6.6
Campo Grande	5.4	4.3 - 6.4	7.2	6.1 - 8.5	7.9	6.4 - 9.5
Cuiabá	4.4	3.4 - 5.3	6.1	4.8 - 7.8	8.3	6.9 - 9.7
Goiânia	5.6	4.7 - 6.5	6.9	6.0 - 7.9	7.6	6.3 - 9.0
Federal District	6.5	5.5 - 7.4	7	6.0 - 8.3	6.7	5.5 - 7.9

	Total			Males			Females			Public schools			Private schools
	%	95%CI		%	95%CI		%	95%CI		%	95%CI		%	95%CI
Brazil	7.4	7.1	7.7	7.6	7.2	8.1	7.2	6.7	7.6	7.6	7.2	7.9	6.5	5.7	7.2
Rondônia	6.1	5.1	7.1	6.8	5.4	8.2	5.4	4.0	6.8	6.0	5.0	7.0	7.4	4.1	10.7
Acre	8.6	7.6	9.7	8.9	7.4	10.3	8.4	7.1	9.7	8.7	7.6	9.7	8.2	4.7	11.6
Amazonas	7.4	6.5	8.3	7.8	6.4	9.2	7.0	5.8	8.2	7.3	6.4	8.3	8.3	5.9	10.8
Roraima	7.6	6.5	8.6	6.8	5.7	7.9	8.4	6.8	10.0	7.4	6.3	8.6	10.0	8.6	11.4
Pará	5.1	4.2	6.1	5.1	3.8	6.5	5.1	3.9	6.4	5.0	4.0	6.0	6.4	3.5	9.2
Amapá	6.5	5.6	7.5	6.8	5.5	8.2	6.2	5.1	7.4	6.3	5.3	7.3	8.6	5.4	11.8
Tocantins	6.6	5.4	7.8	6.9	5.5	8.4	6.4	4.9	7.9	6.8	5.6	8.1	4.2	1.5	6.9
Maranhão	6.8	5.7	7.9	6.9	5.3	8.5	6.7	5.3	8.1	6.6	5.4	7.7	9.2	6.1	12.3
Piauí	4.7	3.9	5.5	5.0	3.8	6.1	4.5	3.5	5.6	4.5	3.6	5.3	6.5	4.3	8.7
Ceará	6.3	5.3	7.3	7.5	6.1	8.8	5.2	3.9	6.5	6.1	5.0	7.1	7.9	4.8	10.9
Rio Grande do Norte	5.3	4.4	6.2	6.0	4.8	7.3	4.7	3.5	5.9	5.0	4.0	6.0	6.8	4.8	8.8
Paraíba	6.5	5.7	7.4	7.4	6.0	8.8	5.8	4.6	6.9	6.4	5.4	7.4	7.2	5.6	8.8
Pernambuco	7.4	6.4	8.4	8.8	7.2	10.4	6.1	5.0	7.1	7.4	6.3	8.4	7.5	5.0	10.0
Alagoas	5.4	4.6	6.3	5.7	4.1	7.3	5.2	4.1	6.3	5.1	4.1	6.1	7.0	5.1	8.8
Sergipe	6.1	5.3	6.9	6.4	5.2	7.6	5.8	4.9	6.8	6.0	5.1	6.9	6.3	4.9	7.8
Bahia	6.5	5.5	7.5	7.4	6.1	8.7	5.8	4.5	7.0	6.5	5.4	7.6	6.4	3.9	8.8
Minas Gerais	7.8	6.6	8.9	8.3	6.7	9.9	7.3	5.8	8.7	7.9	6.8	9.1	6.1	2.7	9.5
Espírito Santo	7.4	6.2	8.5	7.6	6.1	9.2	7.1	5.5	8.7	7.7	6.4	9.0	5.0	3.5	6.5
Rio de Janeiro	7.2	6.2	8.2	6.7	5.4	7.9	7.8	6.4	9.1	7.4	6.1	8.6	6.8	5.3	8.3
São Paulo	9.0	8.0	10.0	8.8	7.4	10.2	9.2	7.6	10.8	9.7	8.6	10.9	5.3	3.1	7.4
Paraná	8.8	7.7	9.8	8.1	6.5	9.7	9.5	7.8	11.2	9.1	7.9	10.2	7.0	5.3	8.7
Santa Catarina	5.2	4.1	6.3	5.1	3.5	6.6	5.3	3.9	6.7	5.0	3.8	6.2	6.8	5.0	8.7
Rio Grande do Sul	6.3	5.1	7.5	5.8	4.0	7.7	6.7	4.9	8.6	6.2	5.0	7.5	7.3	2.8	11.7
Mato Grosso do Sul	8.4	7.3	9.4	9.8	8.1	11.5	7.0	5.6	8.5	8.4	7.3	9.5	7.7	3.9	11.6
Mato Grosso	8.4	7.0	9.8	8.2	6.2	10.2	8.6	6.9	10.3	8.5	7.0	10.0	7.0	2.3	11.7
Goiás	8.3	7.3	9.3	8.9	7.5	10.3	7.6	6.3	9.0	8.5	7.4	9.7	6.8	5.3	8.4
Federal District	6.7	5.5	7.9	7.4	5.4	9.3	6.1	4.6	7.6	6.9	5.6	8.2	6.1	3.5	8.8

		Total		Males		Females		Public school		Private school
		%	95%CI	%	95%CI	%	95%CI	%	95%CI	%	95%CI
13 years	Brazil	9.6	(7.7 - 11.4)	10.7	(8.2 - 13.1)	8.4	(6.5 - 10.4)	10.2	(8.1 - 12.3)	6.1	(3.3 - 8.8)
	North	7.9	(4.8 - 11.0)	7.9	(4.5 - 11.3)	7.9	(3.5 - 12.3)	8.8	(5.5 - 12.2)	3.8	(- - 8.2)
	Northeast	10.8	(7.0 - 14.7)	12.6	(7.2 - 18.1)	9.2	(4.7 - 13.6)	10.9	(6.7 - 15.1)	9.7	(4.4 - 15.0)
	Southeast	10.0	(6.6 - 13.4)	11.3	(6.8 - 15.8)	8.5	(5.4 - 11.7)	11.4	(7.2 - 15.5)	5.3	(0.8 - 9.8)
	South	7.6	(5.0 - 10.3)	8.5	(5.2 - 11.7)	6.8	(2.9 - 10.6)	7.9	(5.0 - 10.8)	4.9	(1.0 - 8.8)
	Mid-west	8.3	(5.7 - 10.8)	8.2	(4.6 - 11.7)	8.4	(4.7 - 12.1)	8.1	(5.2 - 11.1)	8.8	(4.8 - 12.8)
14 years	Brazil	7.1	(5.0 - 9.3)	8.3	(5.4 - 11.3)	5.8	(3.9 - 7.8)	7.3	(5.0 - 9.6)	5.4	(2.2 - 8.6)
	North	5.0	(2.9 - 7.1)	5.0	(2.3 - 7.8)	4.9	(2.3 - 7.5)	5.0	(2.7 - 7.2)	5.2	(0.3 - 10.0)
	Northeast	6.7	(3.7 - 9.7)	6.8	(3.4 - 10.2)	6.7	(2.8 - 10.5)	6.9	(3.8 - 10.1)	3.5	(- - 8.4)
	Southeast	8.1	(3.3 - 12.8)	11.7	(4.8 - 18.6)	4.4	(0.8 - 8.0)	8.3	(3.0 - 13.5)	6.2	(- -13.4)
	South	6.6	(3.4 - 9.7)	5.4	(1.5 - 9.3)	7.7	(3.9 - 11.6)	7.0	(3.6 - 10.4)	1.9	(- - 4.8)
	Mid-west	7.6	(5.3 - 9.8)	7.1	(4.2 - 9.9)	8.1	(4.3 - 11.9)	7.4	(4.9 - 9.9)	8.6	(3.5 - 13.7)
15 years	Brazil	5.8	(4.4 - 7.2)	6.3	(4.5 - 8.0)	5.3	(3.7 - 7.0)	5.9	(4.4 - 7.5)	5.0	(3.3 - 6.7)
	North	7.4	(0.6 - 14.2)	8.0	(1.4 - 14.6)	6.7	(- - 14.2)	8.2	(0.9 - 15.6)	...	...
	Northeast	6.6	(3.9 - 9.2)	7.0	(3.5 - 10.5)	6.1	(3.1 - 9.2)	6.8	(4.0 - 9.7)	3.6	(- - 7.4)
	Southeast	4.9	(2.8 - 6.9)	4.6	(1.8 - 7.4)	5.1	(2.3 - 7.9)	4.6	(2.1 - 7.0)	6.1	(3.6 - 8.7)
	South	5.9	(3.9 - 7.9)	8.2	(5.1 - 11.3)	3.4	(0.7 - 6.0)	6.0	(3.6 - 8.5)	5.2	(3.7 - 6.6)
	Mid-west	6.1	(3.8 - 8.5)	6.7	(3.5 - 9.9)	5.6	(2.6 - 8.5)	6.5	(3.8 - 9.2)	3.8	(0.5 - 7.1)
16 years	Brazil	5.7	(4.3 - 7.0)	5.7	(3.8 - 7.7)	5.6	(3.5 - 7.6)	5.8	(4.3 - 7.4)	4.5	(2.4 - 6.7)
	North	4.8	(1.9 - 7.7)	4.5	(0.7 - 8.3)	5.0	(2.1 - 8.0)	4.4	(1.3 - 7.5)	8.9	(2.9 - 15.0)
	Northeast	4.5	(2.6 - 6.5)	5.2	(1.7 - 8.6)	3.9	(1.0 - 6.8)	4.9	(2.7 - 7.1)	2.4	(- - 5.4)
	Southeast	5.8	(3.1 - 8.5)	5.6	(1.9 - 9.3)	5.9	(2.0 - 9.9)	5.7	(2.7 - 8.8)	6.1	(2.4 - 9.8)
	South	7.9	(5.2 - 10.7)	7.2	(3.1 - 11.4)	8.6	(4.6 - 12.7)	8.9	(5.7 - 12.0)	3.3	(1.1 - 5.4)
	Mid-west	6.1	(3.8 - 8.4)	7.7	(4.2 - 11.2)	4.6	(1.4 - 7.8)	6.4	(3.9 - 8.9)	4.0	(- - 9.1)
17 years	Brazil	4.6	(3.3 - 6.0)	4.0	(2.1 - 5.9)	5.3	(3.2 - 7.3)	4.3	(3.0 - 5.5)	8.1	(1.7 - 14.5)
	North	3.0	(1.0 - 5.0)	2.3	(- - 5.1)	3.9	(0.9 - 6.8)	3.0	(1.0 - 5.1)	...	...
	Northeast	6.2	(3.2 - 9.2)	6.8	(1.6 - 12.0)	5.7	(3.0 - 8.3)	6.9	(3.5 - 10.2)	2.3	(- - 5.2)
	Southeast	4.4	(2.2 - 6.7)	2.8	(0.6 - 5.0)	6.1	(1.8 - 10.4)	3.3	(1.6 - 5.0)	14.2	(5.0 - 23.4)
	South	3.9	(1.7 - 6.1)	3.7	(0.7 - 6.7)	4.1	(0.9 - 7.2)	3.7	(1.4 - 6.0)	7.7	(0.0 - 15.5)
	Mid-west	3.1	(0.9 - 5.3)	3.3	(0.3 - 6.2)	3.0	(- - 6.2)	2.9	(0.6 - 5.2)	5.2	(- - 11.7)

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[1] Corresponding author: Flávia Carvalho Malta Mello. Avenida Bandeirantes, 3.900, Sala 72, CEP: 14040-902, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. E-mail: flaviamalta@usp.br