Health predictors and conditions associated to moderate and vigorous physical activity among adults and elderly from Southern Brazil

Dumith, Samuel Carvalho; Maciel, Francine Villela; Borchardt, Jenifer Lopes; Alam, Vitória Santos; Silveira, Fernanda Castro; Paulitsch, Renata Gomes

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. bras. epidemiol. 22 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190023 copy

Health predictors and conditions associated to moderate and vigorous physical activity among adults and elderly from Southern Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Introduction:

Regular physical activity (PA) generates several health benefits. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of moderate PA (MPA) and vigorous PA (VPA) separately, as well as some health outcomes related to each intensity.

Method:

A population-based, cross-sectional study, with adults and the elderly in the urban area of the city of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. PA was collected through the leisure section of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The cutoff points used for MPA and VPA were, respectively, 150min/wk and 75min/wk. The health conditions analyzed were: obesity, stress, hypertension, diabetes, depression and self-perception of health.

Results:

A total of 1,290 individuals participated in the study, with a mean age of 46.0 years (SD = 17.3); 14.3% (95%CI 11.7 - 16.8) were classified as active for MPA, and 14.6% (95%CI 12.1 - 17.1) for VPA. Male gender, higher schooling, more favorable perception of the neighborhood and more hours of sleep were associated with higher prevalence of MPA. Males, aged 20 to 39 years, white skin color, absence of smoking, higher schooling and higher index of assets were associated with higher prevalence of VPA. Regarding health outcomes, MPA conferred protection for stress, while VPA was a protective factor for obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.

Conclusions:

It was observed that both the predictors and the health outcomes differed according to the intensity of the PA.

Keywords:
Leisure activities; Exercise; Risk factors; Chronic disease; Epidemiology

Variables	MPA	Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis
Variables	%	PR (95%CI)	p-value	PR (95%CI)	p-value
Gender
Males	16.1	1.25 (1.01 - 1.25)	0.04	1.26 (1.02 - 1.57)	0.04
Females	12.9	1.00	0.04	1.00	0.04
Age group (years)
18-39	12.9	0.78 (0.57 - 1.08)	0.14*	0.77 (0.56 - 1.07)	0.12*
40-59	14.3	0.87 (0.63 - 1.21)		0.86 (0.62 - 1.20)
≥ 60	16.5	1.00		1.00
Skin color
White	14.6	1.15 (0.76 - 1.73)	0.51	1.14 (0.75 - 1.71)	0.54
Others	12.7	1.00	0.51	1.00	0.54
Marital status
Not married	12.9	0.84 (0.66 - 1.06)	0.15	0.90 (0.67 - 1.20)	0.45
Married, separated, widowed	15.4	1.00	0.15	1.00	0.45
Schooling (years)
0 to 8	9.8	1.00	< 0.01*	1.00	< 0.01*
9 to 11	16.9	1.72 (1.22 - 2.43)		1.96 (1.37 - 2.81)
≥ 12	18.1	1.84 (1.29 - 2.63)		2.21 (1.52 - 3.21)
Index of assets (tertiles)
1 (lower)	10.6	1.00	0.01*	1.00	0.29*
2	14.7	1.39 (0.92 - 2.09)		1.21 (0.79 - 1.86)
3 (higher)	17.4	1.64 (1.10 - 2.46)		1.24 (0.83 - 1.86)
Smoking
Non-smoker	14.7	1.48 (0.96 - 2.28)	0.09	1.39 (0.88 - 2.19)	0.15
Former smoker	16.4	1.66 (1.06 - 2.60)		1.54 (1.00 - 2.36)
Smoker	9.9	1.00		1.00
Sleep (hours per day)
< 6.0	8.7	1.00	0.07*	1.00	0.02*
6.0 a 7.9	14.8	1.70 (0.92 - 3.14)		1.49 (0.81 - 2.75)
≥ 8.0	15.3	1.76 (0.99 - 3.13)		1.77 (1.01 - 3.12)
Television (hours per day)
Up to 3.0	15.4	1.36 (0.98 - 1.88)	0.07	1.26 (0.91 - 1.76)	0.17
> 3.0	11.3	1.00	0.07	1.00	0.17
Perception of the neighborhood (tertiles)
Less friendly	12.0	1.00	0.02*	1.00	0.02*
Intermediate	14.0	1.17 (0.78 - 1.77)		1.11 (0.74 - 1.66)
More friendly	18.3	1.52 (1.09 - 2.14)		1.50 (1.10 - 2.05)

Variable	VPA	Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis
Variable	%	RP (95%CI)	p-value	PR (95%CI)	p-value
Gender
Males	18.0	1.50 (1.12 - 2.01)	0.01	1.45 (1.09 - 1.94)	0.01
Females	12.0	1.00	0.01	1.00	0.01
Age group (years)
18-39	20.1	2.60 (1.47 - 4.62)	< 0.01*	2.19 (1.21 - 3.97)	< 0.01*
40-59	13.3	1.72 (0.90 - 3.26)		1.60 (0.66 - 2.14)
≥ 60	7.7	1.00		1.00
Skin color
White	15.3	1.41 (0.92 - 2.17)	0.12	1.56 (1.04 - 2.35)	0.03
Others	10.9	1.00	0.12	1.00	0.03
Marital status
Not married	18.7	1.69 (1.26 - 2.27)	< 0.01	1.28 (0.93 - 1.78)	0.13
Married, separated, widowed	11.1	1.00	< 0.01	1.00	0.13
Schooling (years)
0 to 8	5.4	1.00	< 0.01*	1.00	< 0.01*
9 to 11	16.1	2.99 (1.97 - 4.56)		2.43 (1.52 - 3.90)
≥ 12	27.1	5.05 (3.27 - 7.80)		3.64 (2.21 - 6.02)
Index of assets (tertiles)
1 (lower)	8.1	1.00	< 0.01*	1.00	0.01*
2	14.2	1.75 (1.20 - 2.54)		1.35 (0.94 - 1.93)
3 (higher)	21.8	2.68 (1.79 - 4.02)		1.73 (1.17 - 2.56)
Smoking
Non-smoker	18.1	2.63 (1.74 - 3.99)	< 0.01	1.97 (1.32 - 2.95)	0.01
Former smoker	12.2	1.76 (1.05 - 2.95)		1.82 (1.10 - 2.99)
Smoker	6.9	1.00		1.00
Sleep (hours per day)
< 6.0	8.6	1.00	0.02	1.00	0.18
6.0 a 7.9	17.4	2.01 (1.12 - 3.63)		1.74 (0.96 - 3.14)
≥ 8.0	13.8	1.60 (0.84 - 3.04)		1.69 (0.89 - 3.24)
Television (hours per day)
Up to 3.0	17.1	1.79 (1.24 - 2.57)	< 0.01	1.24 (0.89 - 1.74)	0.20
> 3.0	9.6	1.00	< 0.01	1.00	0.20
Perception of the neighborhood (tertiles)
Less friendly	12.2	1.00	0.04*	1.00	0.08*
Intermediate	15.4	1.26 (0.90 - 1.79)		1.15 (0.85 - 1.56)
More friendly	17.9	1.48 (1.01 - 2.16)		1.39 (0.96 - 2.00)

Moderate physical activity		Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis*
Outcome	%	PR (95%CI)	p-value	PR (95%IC)	p-value
Obesity	23.8	0.84 (0.61 - 1.17)	0.30	0.84 (0.61 - 1.18)	0.31
Stress	24.7	0.51 (0.36 - 0.73)	< 0.01	0.63 (0.45 - 0.90)	0.01
Hypertension	28.2	0.85 (0.63 - 1.14)	0.27	0.84 (0.63 - 1.12)	0.23
Diabetes	7.0	0.93 (0.50 - 1.72)	0.81	0.91 (0.51 - 1.63)	0.75
Depression	11.2	0.45 (0.23 - 0.88)	0.02	0.53 (0.26 - 1.09)	0.08
Regular or poor health	33.6	0.63 (0.49 - 0.80)	< 0.01	0.74 (0.58 - 0.96)	0.02
Vigorous physical activity		Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis**
Outcome	%	PR (95%CI)	p-value	PR (95%IC)	p-value
Obesity	23.8	0.62 (0.42 - 0.91)	0.02	0.66 (0.45 - 0.97)	0.03
Stress	24.7	0.61 (0.44 - 0.83)	< 0.01	0.77 (0.54 - 1.09)	0.14
Hypertension	28.2	0.45 (0.32 - 0.64)	< 0.01	0.65 (0.44 - 0.97)	0.03
Diabetes	7.0	0.20 (0.06 - 0.65)	0.01	0.29 (0.09 - 0.93)	0.04
Depression	11.2	0.34 (0.18 - 0.66)	< 0.01	0.55 (0.27 - 1.10)	0.09
Regular or poor health	33.6	0.40 (0.29 - 0.57)	< 0.01	0.57 (0.40 - 0.81)	< 0.01

Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - 2º andar - sl. 3 - Cerqueira César, 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brasil , Tel./FAX: +55 11 3085-5411 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revbrepi@usp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Samuel Carvalho Dumith. Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. Campus Saúde. Rua Visconde de Paranaguá, 102, Centro, CEP: 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil. E-mail: scdumith@yahoo.com.br