Social support at work: a cohort study with civil servants from a public university

Godinho, Marluce Rodrigues; Ferreira, Aldo Pacheco; Moura, Denise Cristina Alves de; Greco, Rosangela Maria

Marluce Rodrigues Godinho

Graduate Program in Public Health, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-4645

Aldo Pacheco Ferreira

Department of Human Rights, Health, and Cultural Diversity, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-5042

Denise Cristina Alves de Moura

School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-5494

Rosangela Maria Greco

Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-276X

Corresponding author: Marluce Rodrigues Godinho. Rua Orestes Fabiano Alves, 71, ap. 703, São Pedro, CEP: 36037-120, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil. E-mail: marlucerodriguesenf@gmail.com

Conflict of interests: nothing to declare

Authors’ contribution: Marluce Rodrigues Godinho participated in the research conception and design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; statistical analysis; obtaining funding; manuscript writing; and critical review of intellectual content. Aldo Pacheco Ferreira contributed to the research conception and design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; statistical analysis; obtaining funding; manuscript writing; and critical review of intellectual content. Denise Cristina Alves de Moura participated in the research conception and design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; manuscript writing; and critical review of intellectual content. Rosangela Maria Greco contributed to the research conception and design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; manuscript writing; and critical review of intellectual content.

Variables/categories
Age	Up to 40 years	41 to 59 years	60 years or older	-
Gender	Male	Female	-	-
Ethnicity	White	Non-white	-	-
Marital status	Married	Unmarried	-	-
Schooling	Higher education and beyond	Up to high school	-	-
Children	No	Yes	-	-
Number of jobs	1	2 or more	-	-
Work schedule	Fixed	Flexible	-	-
Weekly workload	Up to 40 hours	More than 40 hours	-	-
Length of service at UFJF	Up to 15 years	16 to 30 years	Over 30 years	-
Previous job	No	Yes	-	-
Night shift	No	Yes	-	-
Age at first job	18 years or older	Younger than 18 years	-	-
Depression	Absent	Present	-	-
Physical activity	Active or very active	Moderately active	Sedentary	-
Demand control	Low-strain job	Active job	Passive job	High-strain job
Social support at work	High	Low	-	-
Work ability	Great	Good	Moderate	Low

Variables	Category	2012/2013		2016/2017
Variables	Category	n	%	n	%
Age	41 to 59 years	171	52.1	175	53.4
Gender	Male	163	50.2	163	50.2
Ethnicity	White	235	72.8	235	72.8
Marital status	Married	204	63.4	221	67.4
Schooling	Higher education and beyond	281	86.7	302	92.4
Children	Yes	180	55.4	199	60.7
Number of jobs	1	273	83.2	271	82.9
Work schedule	Fixed	274	83.5	283	86.3
Weekly workload	Up to 40 hours	250	77.6	288	87.8
Length of service at UFJF	Up to 15 years	186	56.9	186	56.9
Previous job	Yes	268	81.7	268	81.7
Night shift	No	277	85.5	256	79.3
Age at first job	Older than 18 years	176	54.5	176	54.5
Depression	Absent	297	90.8	298	91.1
Physical activity	Active or very active	170	52.0	157	47.9
WAI	Good	145	44.5	150	45.7
Demand control	Passive job	125	38.2	132	40.3
Social support at work	High	247	75.8	281	85.7

Variables	Crude OR	95%CI	p	Adjusted OR	95%CI	p
Age
Continued to be younger than 40 years	1	0.38 - 3.22	0.859	-	-	-
Continued to be/changed to 41 to 59 years	1.10	0.38 - 3.22	0.859	-	-	-
Continued to be/changed to ≥ 60 years	0.95	0.34 - 2.70	0.929	-	-	-
Marital status
Married or have gotten married	1	0.54 - 2.08	0.859	-	-	-
Unmarried or became unmarried	1.06	0.54 - 2.08	0.859	-	-	-
Schooling
Continued to have or completed higher education	1	0.12 - 2.43	0.423	-	-	-
Continued to have up to high school	0.55	0.12 - 2.43	0.423	-	-	-
Children
Never had children	1	0.54 - 1.94	0.941	-	-	-
Has or had children	1.03	0.54 - 1.94	0.941	-	-	-
Number of jobs
1 job	1	0.67 - 3.11	0.353	-	-	-
2 or more jobs	1.44	0.67 - 3.11	0.353	-	-	-
Type of work schedule
Fixed	1	0.90 - 4.34	0.085	1	0.31 - 2.33
Flexible	1.98	0.90 - 4.34	0.085	0.85	0.31 - 2.33	0.752
Weekly workload
Continued or started working up to 40 hours	1	0.68 - 3.71	0.278	-	-	-
Continued or started working more than 40 hours	1.59	0.68 - 3.71	0.278	-	-	-
Night shift
Did or does not work	1	1.40 - 5.44	0.002	1	1.42 - 7.14	0.005
Continued or started working	2.76	1.40 - 5.44	0.002	3.18	1.42 - 7.14	0.005
Depression symptoms (PHQ-9)
Continued to be or became absent	1	3.29 - 16.7	0.000	1	2.02 - 13.5	0.001
Continued to be or became present	7.41	3.29 - 16.7	0.000	5.22	2.02 - 13.5	0.001
Level of physical activity (IPAQ)
Continued to be or became active/very active	1	0.27 - 1.51	0.307	1	0.28 - 1.35	0.223
Continued to be or became insufficiently active	0.64	0.27 - 1.51	0.307	0.61	0.28 - 1.35	0.223
Continued to be or became sedentary	0.48	0.19 - 1.21	0.122	0.85	0.31 - 2.36	0.757
Demand control
Continued or started working in a low-strain job	1	0.16 - 1.08	0.072	1	0.56 - 4.66	0.370
Continued or started working in an active job	0.412	0.16 - 1.08	0.072	1.62	0.56 - 4.66	0.370
Continued or started working in a passive job	0.988	0.36 - 2.74	0.981	1.15	0.48 - 2.79	0.749
Continued or started working in a high-strain job	0.526	0.21 - 1.29	0.160	1.54	0.51 - 4.65	0.444
WAI
Continued to be or became adequate	1	1.59 - 5.65	0.000	1	-	-
Continued to be or became impaired	3.01	1.59 - 5.65	0.000	3.10	1.53 - 6.28	0.002

[1] Corresponding author: Marluce Rodrigues Godinho. Rua Orestes Fabiano Alves, 71, ap. 703, São Pedro, CEP: 36037-120, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil. E-mail: marlucerodriguesenf@gmail.com

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Social support at work: a cohort study with civil servants from a public university

ABSTRACT:

Introduction:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion: