Gas exchange and leaf area requirement for yield in Cavendish and Gros Michel Bananas

Donato, Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues; Arantes, Alessandro de Magalhães; Soares, Alex Rodrigues Silva; Santos, Marcelo Rocha dos; Rodrigues, Maria Geralda Vilela

doi:10.1590/0100-29452023079

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Botany and Physiology • Rev. Bras. Frutic. 45 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452023079 copy

Gas exchange and leaf area requirement for yield in Cavendish and Gros Michel Bananas

Trocas gasosas e requerimento em área foliar para rendimento de bananeiras Cavendish e Gros Michel

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate gas exchange and the leaf area requirement for yield in Cavendish and Gros Michel bananas. The cultivars Grande Naine, Calipso, Bucaneiro, FHIA-17 and FHIA-23, and two production cycles, were arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, in a factorial scheme, with five replicates. For the physiological characteristics, a 5x9x2 factorial arrangement was considered, with cultivars, evaluation periods and reading times. Cultivars Bucaneiro and Calipso require larger leaf area per unit produced and FHIA-23, smaller, which suggests a greater photosynthetic efficiency per leaf unit for FHIA-23, confirmed by the higher masses of bunches and hands and greater numbers of hands and fruits. Gas exchange varies with cultivars, evaluation periods and reading times. Cultivars FHIA-17 and Calipso, Gros Michel type, respectively showed higher photosynthesis and transpiration rates than Grande Naine, Cavendish type. Net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, quantum efficiency of photosynthesis, instantaneous water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency are higher at 8:00 h than at 14:00 h. The month of June allowed the cultivars to express the highest values of photosynthesis rates, incident radiation on leaves, carboxylation efficiency and stomatal conductance.

Index terms
Musa spp.; physiology; climate; production; vigor

Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n , 14884-900 Jaboticabal SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3209-7188/3209-7609 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rbf@fcav.unesp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato E-mail:sergio.donato@ifbaiano.edu.br

Characteristics	Unit	0.0-0.20 m	Standard Deviation	0.20-0.40 m	Standard Deviation
pH (H₂O)		7.60	0.14	7.60	0.57
P	mg dm^-3	318.15	157.47	185.80	21.78
K⁺	mg dm^-3	567.50	45.96	512.50	154.86
Na⁺	cmol_cdm^-3	0.20	0.00	0.15	0.07
Ca²⁺	cmol_cdm^-3	3.45	0.49	2.90	0.00
Mg²⁺	cmol_cdm^-3	1.70	0.28	1.30	0.00
Al³⁺	cmol_cdm^-3	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
H⁺+ Al³⁺	cmol_cdm^-3	0.90	0.00	0.95	0.07
S.B.¹	cmol_cdm^-3	6.75	0.92	5.65	0.35
t ²	cmol_cdm^-3	6.75	0.92	5.65	0.35
T ³	cmol_cdm^-3	7.65	0.92	6.65	0.21
V⁴	%	88.00	1.41	85.00	1.41
m⁵	%	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
OM⁶	g dm^-3	13.50	21.0	10.00	14.00
B	mg dm^-3	0.85	0.07	0.75	0.07
Cu⁺⁺	mg dm^-3	1.05	0.21	0.85	0.21
Fe⁺⁺	mg dm^-3	11.85	2.33	11.35	3.46
Mn⁺⁺	mg dm^-3	48.95	3.75	40.70	11.60
Zn⁺⁺	mg dm^-3	24.25	4.31	13.30	2.40
Prem⁷	mg L^-1	42.15	0.92	41.40	3.68
EC⁸	dS m^-1	1.70	0.00	1.95	0.21

		Sources of variation			Units	Means	CV (%)
	Cultivars (A)	Cycles (B)	Interaction (A x B)	Residual
Degrees of freedom	4	1	4	40
TLA	4.70 ^ns	9.53 ^ns	6.35 ^ns	4.29	(m²)	15.01	13.8
LAI	0.23 ^ns	0.74 *	0.15 ^ns	0.13	(m²m^-2)	2.57	13.86
TLAH	4.06 ^ns	1.23 ^ns	5.05 ^ns	2.78	(m²)	11.23	14.85
LAIH	0.11^ns	0.03 ^ns	0.14 ^ns	0.08	(m²m^-2)	1.87	14.84
MB	586.57 **	235.84 **	112.84 **	24.02	(kg)	34.33	14.28
MH	436.90 **	191.84 **	97.61 **	20.80	(kg)	30.15	15.13
NH	62.18 **	103.94 **	1.50 ^ns	0.68	(unit)	10.96	7.54
NFR	23118.97 **	54401.17 **	833.90 ^ns	421.96	(unit)	204.62	10.04
LAF/MB	0.09 **	0.143 **	0.03 **	0.01	(m² kg^-1)	0.46	15.07
LAH/MB	0.04 **	0.05 **	0.00 ^ns	0.00	(m² kg^-1)	0.34	15.90
LAF/MH	0.121 **	0.20 **	0.03 **	0.01	(m²kg^-1)	0.53	15.68
LAH/MH	0.05 **	0.07 **	0.01 ^ns	0.00	(m²kg^-1)	0.39	16.29
LAF/NH	1.02 **	2.94 **	0.15 *	0.05	(m² hand^-1)	1.46	15.4
LAH/NH	0.38 **	1.25 **	0.01 ^ns	0.03	(m² hand^-1)	1.08	16.77
LAH/NFR	0.001 **	0.006 **	0.0001 ^ns	0.00	(m² fruit^-1)	0.06	15.48

Characteristics			Cultivars
Characteristics		Cycles	Calipso	Bucaneiro	FHIA-23	FHIA-17	Grande Naine	Mean	CV (%)
MB	(kg)	1st	23.88 Cb	22.83 Cb	48.89 Aa	36.66 Ba	28.53 BCa	34.33	14.28
MB		2nd	33.35 Ba	32.89 Ba	42.21 Ab	41.18 Aa	32.88 Ba	34.33	14.28
MH	(kg)	1st	20.75 Cb	19.88 Cb	43.10 Aa	31.92 Ba	25.32 BCa	30.15	15.13
MH		2nd	29.26 Aa	28.98 Aa	36.63 Ab	35.94 Aa	29.76 Aa	30.15	15.13
LAF/MB	(m²kg^-1)	1st	0.66 Aa	0.66 Aa	0.35 Ba	0.46 Ba	0.47 Ba	0.46	15.07
LAF/MB		2nd	0.47 Ab	0.45 ABb	0.36 ABa	0.33 Bb	0.45 ABa	0.46	15.07
LAF/MH	(m² kg^-1)	1st	0.76 Aa	0.76 Aa	0.39 Ba	0.52 Ba	0.53 Ba	0.53	15.68
LAF/MH		2nd	0.53 Ab	0.52 ABb	0.41 ABa	0.38 Bb	0.49 ABa	0.53	15.68
LAF/NH	(m² hand^-1)	1st	2.21 Aa	2.06 Aa	1.26 Ba	1.51 Ba	1.49 Ba	1.46	15.40
LAF/NH		2nd	1.54 Ab	1.35 ABb	0.98 BCa	0.92 Cb	1.32 ABCa	1.46	15.40

Cultivars	Characteristics
	NH	NFR	LAH/MB	LAH/MH	LAH/NH	LAH/NFR
	(unit)	(unit)	(m²kg^-1)	(m²kg^-1)	(m²hand^-1)	(m²fruit^-1)
Calipso	8.57 d	163.70 c	0.38 ab	0.44 ab	1.29 a	0.07 a
Bucaneiro	9.03 cd	167.65 c	0.42 a	0.48 a	1.28 a	0.07 a
FHIA-23	14.24 a	273.03 a	0.27 d	0.31 d	0.86 b	0.04 c
FHIA-17	12.91 b	236.57 b	0.30 cd	0.35 cd	0.93 b	0.05 bc
Grande Naine	10.02 c	182.15 c	0.35 bc	0.39 bc	1.07 ab	0.06 b
Mean	10.95	204.62	0.34	0.39	1.09	0.06
CV (%)	7.54	10.04	15.90	16.29	16.77	15.48

Leaf area index (m²m^-2)	Cycles
	1st	2nd
	2.69 a	2.45 b
Mean	2.57
CV (%)	13.86

	Characteristics
Months	Q_Leaf	T_Leaf	C_i	E	g_s	A	A/E	A/C_i	A/Q_Leaf	A/g_s
Feb.	794.87 C	35.28 BCD	227.44 ABC	4.51 CDE	0.28 D	13.72 D	3.07 CD	0.06 D	0.02 CDE	50.57 A
Mar.	1,223.59 AB	36.28 ABCD	229.55 ABC	5.37 BC	0.45 A	17.39 BCD	3.82 BC	0.07 BCD	0.01 DE	40.33 B
Apr.	1,004.10 BC	34.99 CD	226.27 ABC	3.60 E	0.35 BCD	16.20 CD	5.34 A	0.07 CD	0.02 CDE	51.09 A
May.	1,212.23 AB	35.00 CD	222.01 BCD	5.74 BC	0.39 ABCD	17.44 BCD	3.22 BCD	0.07 BCD	0.01 DE	50.75 A
Jun.	1,503.6 A	34.55 CD	214.23 D	6.87 AB	0.45 A	21.91 A	3.33 BC	0.10 A	0.01 E	50.67 A
Jul.	433.19 D	38.25 A	219.57 CD	7.96 A	0.44 AB	18.33 BC	2.57 D	0.08 BCD	0.12 A	47.67 AB
Aug.	888.97 C	36.09 ABCD	218.18 CD	7.21 AB	0.42 AB	19.86 AB	3.06 CD	0.09 AB	0.09 BC	50.47 A
Sep.	650.50 CD	34.38 D	232.81 A	3.89 DE	0.32 CD	15.27 CD	4.19 ABC	0.06 CD	0.03 C	52.06 A
Oct.	828.70 C	37.83 A	232.90 A	5.25 C	0.39 ABCD	15.93 CD	3.03 CD	0.07 CD	0.02 CD	47.14 AB
Mean	948.86	35.85	224.77	5.60	0.39	17.34	3.51	0.078	0.042	48.97
CV(%)	63.69	10.24	8.10	43.32	50.49	34.26	46.66	36.82	141.56	24.83

Characteristics	Times		Mean	CV (%)	∆(08:00-14:00) (%)
Characteristics	08:00 h	14:00 h	Mean	CV (%)	∆(08:00-14:00) (%)
T_Leaf (°C)	33.60 B	38.10 A	35.85	10.24	13.39
C_i (µmol CO₂ mol^-1)	222.42 B	227.12 A	224.77	8.10	2.11
E(mmol H₂O m^-2s^-1)	5.15 B	6.05 A	5.60	43.39	17.48
g_s (mol H₂O m^-2s^-1)	0.46 A	0.31 B	0.39	50.26	-32.61
A (µmol CO₂ m^-2s^-1)	20.39 A	14.29 B	17.34	34.26	-29.92
A/E ((µmol CO₂m^-2s^-1) (mmol H₂O m^-2s^-1)^-1)	4.25 A	2.78 B	3.52	46.59	-34.59
A/C_i ((µmol CO₂ m^-2s^-1) (µmol CO₂ mol^-1)^-1)	0.09 A	0.06 B	0.07	36.92	-30.43
A/Q_Leaf (µmol CO₂ m^-2s^-1) (µmol photons m^-2s^-1)^-1)	0.05 A	0.03 B	0.04	140.48	-40.38
A/g_s ((μmol CO₂m^-2s^-1) (mol H₂O m^-2s^-1)^-1)	47.82 B	50.12 A	48.97	24.83	4.81