'Catarina' apples were harvested at the commercial maturity in an orchard in São Joaquim-SC and segregated in four lots of 14 fruits with different levels of bitter pit severity: null (none pit/fruit), low (1-2 pits/fruit), moderate (3-5 pits/fruit), and high (6-18 pits/fruit). Nutritional analysis (Ca, Mg, K, and N) in the skin and flesh tissues were performed on individual fruits of each severity level. The average number of pits/fruit (calculated for each lot of bitter pit severity) showed a negative linear relationship (P < 0.05) with the skin Ca content, and a negative linear relationship (P < 0.05) with the ratios of Mg/Ca, (K+Mg)/Ca, and (K+Mg+N)/Ca in the skin. For the flesh, the increasing of bitter pit severity was accompanied by significant reduction of Ca and Mg contents. The multivariate analysis (canonical discriminant analysis) showed that the Mg/Ca ratio in the skin provided the best discrimination between the lots of fruit with different levels of bitter pit severity. Therefore, for 'Catarina' apples, increasing values of the Mg/Ca ratio in the skin are indicative of fruits with increasing bitter pit susceptibility.
Malus domestica Borkh.; nutrition; physiological disorder; postharvest
