Ácidos orgânicos aliados ao pacobutrazol modificam o florescimento de mangueira ‘Keitt’

Objetivou-se avaliar a efetividade de ácidos fúlvicos e aminoácidos livres sobre o paclobutrazol no florescimento da mangueira ‘Keitt’ cultivada no semiárido. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar de mangueira cv. Keitt, em Cabrobó-PE, entre novembro de 2017 e setembro de 2018. O clima do local é classificado como Bswh (Köeppen), uma região semiárida. O delineamento foi em blocos, ao acaso com tratamentos distribuídos em faixas, com cinco repetições de quatro plantas cada. Os tratamentos foram: T1: paclobutrazol + água (controle); T2: paclobutrazol + ácidos fúlvicos; T3: paclobutrazol + aminoácidos livres; T4: paclobutrazol + ácidos fúlvicos + aminoácidos livres. A aplicação de ácidos fúlvicos mais paclobutrazol aumentou a eficiência das trocas gasosas, favorecendo a floração e a frutificação, enquanto aminoácido isolado ou em conjunto com os ácidos fúlvicos diminuiu a eficiência no florescimento.

Termos para indexação
Mangifera indica L.; PBZ; indução floral; substâncias húmicas; aminoácidos agrícolas; trocas gasosas vegetais

Autoria

Luan dos Santos Silva Luan dos Santos Silva E-mail:luan_agronomia@hotmail.com

Master in Phytotechnics, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus - PI, Brazil. E-mail: luan_agronomia@hotmail.com Federal University of PiauíBrasilBom Jesus, PI, Brasil Master in Phytotechnics, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus - PI, Brazil. E-mail: luan_agronomia@hotmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4419-6669

Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante

PhD in Agronomy, Professor Researcher, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil.E-mail: italo.cavalcante@univasf.edu.br Federal University of Vale do São FranciscoBrasilPetrolina, PE, Brasil PhD in Agronomy, Professor Researcher, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil.E-mail: italo.cavalcante@univasf.edu.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1610-1546

Jenilton Gomes da Cunha

Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: jeniltongomes@hotmail.com Federal University of Vale do São FranciscoBrasilPetrolina, PE, Brasil Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: jeniltongomes@hotmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-6605

Jackson Teixeira Lobo

Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: jackson_lob@hotmail.com Federal University of Vale do São FranciscoBrasilPetrolina, PE, Brasil Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: jackson_lob@hotmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6978-083X

Daniel Almeida Carreiro

Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: daniel.almeida.sb@gmail.com Federal University of Vale do São FranciscoBrasilPetrolina, PE, Brasil Master in Plant Production, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: daniel.almeida.sb@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-7038

Vespasiano Borges de Paiva Neto

PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Professor Researcher, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: vespasiano.paiva@univasf.edu.br Federal University of Vale do São FranciscoBrasilPetrolina, PE, Brasil PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Professor Researcher, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina – PE, Brazil. E-mail: vespasiano.paiva@univasf.edu.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3347-7043

Luan dos Santos Silva E-mail:luan_agronomia@hotmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (8)
Tabelas (1)

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Figure 1
Rainfall, air temperature, and air relative humidity recorded during the experiment OC: orchard characterization; AT: Application of treatments; BM: Branches maturation; IRR: irrigation rate reduction; FI: floral induction; FF: full flowering; T.: Temperature; Sampling Date.

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Figure 2
Numbers of panicles per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Figure 3
Proline content [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)], catalase enzyme activity [orchard 1 (C); orchard 2 (D)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. T1: PBZ + water (control); T2: PBZ + FA; T3: PBZ + free amino acids; and T4: PBZ + FA + free amino acids. IRR: irrigation rate reduction; FI: flowering induction; FF: full flowering; T: treatments, EP: evaluation period; T x EP: interaction of factors; *: significant at 5%, **: significant at1%; ns: not significant; Similar capital letters ( evaluation period) and common lower case letters (treatments) do not differ at the 5% level by Tukey’s test.

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Figure 4
Numbers of panicles per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Figure 5
Efficiency of carboxylation [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Figure 6
Stomatal conductance [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] and transpiration [orchard 1 (C) e orchard 2 (D)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Figure 7
Intrinsic water use efficiency [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Figure 8
Mass and number of fruits per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Similar capital letters (number of fruits) and common lower case letters (Mass of fruits) do not differ at the 5% level by Tukey’s test. Experimental details are similar to those in Figure 2.

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Table 1
Chemical and physical characteristics of the soil in the mango cv. Keitt orchards studied.

Figure 1 Rainfall, air temperature, and air relative humidity recorded during the experiment OC: orchard characterization; AT: Application of treatments; BM: Branches maturation; IRR: irrigation rate reduction; FI: floral induction; FF: full flowering; T.: Temperature; Sampling Date.

Figure 2 Numbers of panicles per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Figure 3 Proline content [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)], catalase enzyme activity [orchard 1 (C); orchard 2 (D)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. T1: PBZ + water (control); T2: PBZ + FA; T3: PBZ + free amino acids; and T4: PBZ + FA + free amino acids. IRR: irrigation rate reduction; FI: flowering induction; FF: full flowering; T: treatments, EP: evaluation period; T x EP: interaction of factors; *: significant at 5%, **: significant at1%; ns: not significant; Similar capital letters ( evaluation period) and common lower case letters (treatments) do not differ at the 5% level by Tukey’s test.

Figure 4 Numbers of panicles per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Figure 5 Efficiency of carboxylation [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Figure 6 Stomatal conductance [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] and transpiration [orchard 1 (C) e orchard 2 (D)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Figure 7 Intrinsic water use efficiency [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Experimental and statistical details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Figure 8 Mass and number of fruits per plant [orchard 1 (A); orchard 2 (B)] of mango ‘Keitt’ as a function of FA and free amino acids. Similar capital letters (number of fruits) and common lower case letters (Mass of fruits) do not differ at the 5% level by Tukey’s test. Experimental details are similar to those in Figure 2.

Table 1 Chemical and physical characteristics of the soil in the mango cv. Keitt orchards studied.

Orchard	Soil layer	pH (in water)	P	K⁺		Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	H + Al	SB	V
-	M	-	mg.dm^-³	^{___________________________}cmol_c.dm^-³ ^{___________________________}								%
-	M	-	mg.dm^-³									%
1	0.0 - 0.2	4.94	66.62	0.41		1.22	2.52	1.43	0.35	4.29	5.58	56.55
1	0.2 - 0.4	5.33	31.22	0.31		1.13	2.91	1.91	0.25	3.05	6.26	67.21
2	0.0 - 0.2	5.37	70.62	0.36		0.78	3.20	1.65	0.08	3.05	5.99	66.25
2	0.2 - 0.4	6.22	44.28	0.64		1.70	3.06	1.92	0.08	1.98	7.31	78.70
Orchard	Soil layer	CEC (pH7)	OM	FA	HA	HU	E.C.	Sand	Clay	Silt	Texture
-	m	cmol_c.dm^-³	^{_____________}g.kg^{-1 _____________}				dS.m^-1	^{_______________}dag.kg^{-1 _______________}
1	0.0 - 0.2	9.87	11.13	0.03	1.44	4.45	0.06	51.13	15.90	32.97	Loam
1	0.2 - 0.4	9.31	10.68	1.01	1.30	4.02	0.07	48.32	18.10	33.58	Loam
2	0.0 - 0.2	9.04	13.13	0.07	1.61	4.95	0.15	48.94	14.10	36.96	Loam
2	0.2 - 0.4	9.29	9.68	0.84	1.62	5.53	0.17	54.81	16.40	28.79	Sand Loam

^*
SB = sum of bases; OM = Organic matter; CEC = cationic exchangeable capacity [Ca2+ + Mg2+ + Na+ + K+ + (H+ + Al3+)]; EC = electrical conductivity; P, K: Melich-1; H + Al: calcium acetate (extractor) 0.5M, pH 7; Al, Ca, Mg: KCl 1 M extractor; CEC: cationic exchangeable capacity.

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Ácidos orgânicos aliados ao pacobutrazol modificam o florescimento de mangueira ‘Keitt’

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[1] Luan dos Santos Silva E-mail:luan_agronomia@hotmail.com