Anti-snake and anti-scorpion venoms properties |
Roots |
Aqueous extract |
Guinea pigs treated with extract combined with Leiurus quinquestriutus venom |
Prolongs the life of animals from 20 min to 8 h |
Jaghabir et al. (1989)Jaghabir, M., Saket, M., Afifi, F., Khalis, S., Muheid, A., 1989. Potency of Jordan Leiurus quinguestriatus scorpion venom and the effect of Eryngium creticum on this potency. Dirasat 4, 172-178.
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Roots |
Aqueous extract |
Guinea pigs treated with extract combined with Cerastes cerastes venom |
Prolongs the life of animals from 12 to 72 h |
El-Saket (1990)El-Saket, M., 1990. Potency of Jordanian Cerastes cerastes snake venom and the effect of E. creticum on this potency. Bull. Fac. Pharm. Cairo Univ. 28, 53-55.
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Roots and leaves |
Aqueous extract |
Isolated rabbit and guinea pig jejunum and trachea treated with extract combined with Leiurus quinquestriutus venom |
Inhibits tracheal and jejuna contraction and inhibits spontaneous movements of the jejunum |
Afifi et al. (1990)Afifi, F.U., Al-Khalil, M., Aqel, M., Al-Muhteseb, M.H., Jaghabir, M., Saket, M., Muheid, A., 1990. Antagonistic effect of Eryngium creticum extract on scorpion venom in vitro. J. Ethnopharmacol. 29, 43-49.
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Roots and leaves |
Aqueous and methanolic extract |
Sheep red blood cells treated with Cerastes cerastes and Leiurus quinquesteiartus venoms |
Inhibits haemolytic activity of snake and scorpion venoms |
Alkofahi et al. (1997)Alkofahi, A., Sallal, A.J., Disi, A.M., 1997. Effect of Eryngium creticum on haemolytic activities of snake and scorpion venoms. Phytother. Res. 11, 540-542.
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Antibacterial and antifungal activity |
Aerial parts |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Antibacterial activity was low or moderate depending on tested strain |
Ali-Shtayeh et al. (1998)Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Yaghmour, R.M.-R., Faidi, Y.R., Salem, K., Al-Nuri, M.A., 1998. Antimicrobial activity of 20 plants used in folkloric medicine in the Palestinian area. J. Ethnopharmacol. 60, 265-271.
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Leaves, stems and roots |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis
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Antibacterial activity was low, moderate or significant depending on tested strain |
Makki et al. (2015)Makki, R., Dirani, Z.E., Rammal, H., Sweidan, A., Al Bazzal, A., Chokr, A., 2015. Antibacterial activity of two Lebanese plants: Eryngium creticum and Centranthus longiflorus. J. Nanomed. Nanotechnol., http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000315. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000...
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Flowering plant |
Essential oil |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Antibacterial activity was lower with those of the reference |
Celik et al. (2011)Celik, A., Ayddinlik, N., Arslan, I., 2011. Phytochemical constituents and inhibitory activity towards methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains of Eryngium species (Apiaceae). Chem. Biodivers. 8, 454-459.
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Leaves, roots and fruits |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
Candida albicans
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Ali-Shtayeh et al. (1998) |
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Aqueous extract |
Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. violaceum
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Antibacterial activity was moderate in comparison with reference antibiotic |
Ali-Shtayeh and Abu Ghdeib (1999)Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Abu Ghdeib, S.I., 1999. Antifungal activity of plant extracts against dermatophytes. Mycoses 42, 665-672.
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Leaves |
Petroleum and methanolic extract |
Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium dahlia and Phytophthora infestans
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Low mycelia inhibitory efficacy, inhibition of spore germination |
Abou-Jawdah et al. (2002)Abou-Jawdah, Y., Sobh, H., Salameh, A., 2002. Antimycotic activities of selected plant flora, growing wild in Lebanon, against phytopathogenic fungi. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 3208-3213.
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Antimalarial and antileishmanial activity |
Aerial parts |
Methanolic and dichloromethanolic extract |
Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani promastigotes |
Activity against promastigote cultures of L. donovani. No antimalarial activity |
Fokialakis et al. (2007)Fokialakis, N., Kalpoutzakis, E., Tekwani, B.L., Khan, S.I., Kobaisy, M., Saltsounis, A.L., Duke, S.O., 2007. Evaluation of the antimalarial and antileishmanial activity of plants from the Greek island of Crete. J. Nat. Med. 61, 38-45.
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Antioxidant activity |
Leaves and stems |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
DPPH assay |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Dammous et al. (2014)Dammous, M., Farhan, H., Rammal, H., Hijazji, A., Bassal, A., Fayyad-Kazan, H., Makhour, Y., Badran, B., 2014. Chemical composition of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Int. J. Sci. 3, 40-53.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
H2O2 test |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Farhan et al. (2012)Farhan, H., Malli, F., Rammal, H., Hijazi, A., Bassal, A., Ajouz, N., Badran, B., 2012. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2, S1217-S1220.
Dammous et al. (2014)Dammous, M., Farhan, H., Rammal, H., Hijazji, A., Bassal, A., Fayyad-Kazan, H., Makhour, Y., Badran, B., 2014. Chemical composition of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Int. J. Sci. 3, 40-53.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous and ethanolic extracts |
Ferrozine test |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Farhan et al. (2012)Farhan, H., Malli, F., Rammal, H., Hijazi, A., Bassal, A., Ajouz, N., Badran, B., 2012. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2, S1217-S1220.
Dammous et al. (2014)Dammous, M., Farhan, H., Rammal, H., Hijazji, A., Bassal, A., Fayyad-Kazan, H., Makhour, Y., Badran, B., 2014. Chemical composition of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Int. J. Sci. 3, 40-53.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate extract |
DPPH assay Ferrozine test |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Rammal et al. (2013)Rammal, H., Farhan, H., Mohsen, H., Hijazi, A., Kobeissy, A., Daher, A., Badran, B., 2013. Antioxidant, cytotoxic properties and phytochemical screening of two Lebanese medicinal plants. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 4, 132-136.
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Whole plant |
Ethanolic extract |
DPPH assay Ferrozine test |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Hijazi et al. (2015)Hijazi, A., Al Masri, D.S., Farhan, H., Nasser, M., Rammal, H., Annan, H., 2015. Effect of different ethanol concentrations, using different extraction techniques, on the antioxidant capacity of Lebanese Eryngium creticum. J. Pharm. Chem. Biol. Sci. 3, 262-271.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
VCEAC |
A significant antioxidant activity |
Farhan et al. (2012)Farhan, H., Malli, F., Rammal, H., Hijazi, A., Bassal, A., Ajouz, N., Badran, B., 2012. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2, S1217-S1220.
Dammous et al. (2014)Dammous, M., Farhan, H., Rammal, H., Hijazji, A., Bassal, A., Fayyad-Kazan, H., Makhour, Y., Badran, B., 2014. Chemical composition of Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. Int. J. Sci. 3, 40-53.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
Iron-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenates |
It moderately suppresses Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation |
Ljubuncic et al. (2005)Ljubuncic, P., Azaizeh, H., Portnaya, I., Cogan, U., Said, O., Abu Saleh, K., Bomzon, A., 2005. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of eight plants used in traditional Arab medicine in Israel. J. Ethnopharmacol. 99, 43-47.
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Cytotoxicities |
Aerial parts |
Methanolic and dichlorometanolic extract |
Monkey kidney fibroblast (Vero) cell line |
Not cytotoxic up to conc. of 47.6 µg ml−1
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Fokialakis et al. (2007)Fokialakis, N., Kalpoutzakis, E., Tekwani, B.L., Khan, S.I., Kobaisy, M., Saltsounis, A.L., Duke, S.O., 2007. Evaluation of the antimalarial and antileishmanial activity of plants from the Greek island of Crete. J. Nat. Med. 61, 38-45.
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Leaves and stems |
Aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate |
MCF7 breast cancer cell line by the XTT |
Inhibits growth of cells by and 68–72% |
Rammal et al. (2013)Rammal, H., Farhan, H., Mohsen, H., Hijazi, A., Kobeissy, A., Daher, A., Badran, B., 2013. Antioxidant, cytotoxic properties and phytochemical screening of two Lebanese medicinal plants. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 4, 132-136.
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Leaves, stems, roots and whole plants |
Aqueous and ethanolic extract |
HeLa cancer cells by Natural Red Assay |
Inhibits cell viability up to 97% |
Dirani et al. (2014)Dirani, Z., Makki, R., Rammal, H., Naserddine, S., Hijazi, A., Kazan, H.F., Nasser, M., Daher, A., Badran, B., 2014. The antioxidant and anti-tumor activities of the Lebanese Eryngium creticum L. IJBPAS 3, 2199-2222.
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Antimutagenic activity |
|
Ethanolic extract |
Rat hepatocyte primary cultures treatmented with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine |
A direct antimutagenic activity and an increased recovery |
Khader et al., 2010Khader, M., Bresgen, N., Eckl, P.M., 2010. Antimutagenic effects of ethanolic extracts from selected Palestinian medicinal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 127, 319-324.
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Antihyperglycemic and hypoglycemic effects |
Aerial parts |
Aqueous decoction |
Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats |
Significant reductions in blood glucose concentration when given orally |
Jaghabir (1991)Jaghabir, M., 1991. Hypoglycemic effects of Eryngium creticum. Arch. Pharm. Res. 14, 295-297.
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|
Aerial parts |
Aqueous extract |
In vitro (according to Granfeld method) and in vivo enzymatic starch digestion |
Lack of in vitro inhibitory activity |
Kasabri et al. (2011)Kasabri, V., Afifi, F.U., Hamdan, I., 2011. Evaluation of the acute antihyperglycenic effects of four selected indigenous plants from Jordan used in traditional medicine. Pharm. Biol. 49, 687-695.
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Aerial parts |
Aqueous extract |
Bioassays of β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion as well as glucose diffusion |
Highly significant proliferative efficacies; lack of any statistically substantial glucose diffusional hindrances into external solution across dialysis membrane |
Kasabri et al. (2012)Kasabri, V., Abu-Dahab, R., Afifi, F.U., Naffa, R., Majdalawi, L., 2012. Modulation of pancreatic MIN6 insulin secretion and proliferation and extrapancreatic glucose absorption with Achillea santolina, Eryngium creticum and Pistacia atlantica extracts: in vitro evaluation. J. Exp. Integr. Med. 2, 245-254.
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