Leaf venation pattern to recognize austral South American medicinal species of "cow's hoof" (<i>Bauhinia</i> L., Fabaceae)

Fortunato, Renée H.; Varela, Beatriz G.; Castro, María A.; Nores, María J.

doi:10.1016/j.bjp.2016.10.007

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Original articles • Rev. bras. farmacogn. 27 (2) • Mar-Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.10.007 copy

Leaf venation pattern to recognize austral South American medicinal species of "cow's hoof" (Bauhinia L., Fabaceae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The leaves extracts of some species of Bauhinia L. s.l. are consumed to treat diabetes, inflammation, pains and several disorders in traditional medicine in austral South America. Despite its wide use and commercialization, sale is not controlled, and botanical quality of samples is not always adequate because of plant misidentification and adulteration. Here, we characterized leaf vein pattern in nineteen taxa to contribute to the recognition and commercial quality control of plant material commercially available. The vein characters intercostal tertiary and quinternary vein fabric, areole development and shape, free ending veinlet branching and marginal ultimate venation allowed to distinguish the main medicinal species in the region.

Keywords:
Areolation; Botanical identification; Freely ending veinlets; Leaf venation pattern; Quality control; Schnella

Species	Intercostal tertiary vein fabric	Quinternary vein fabric	Areole development	Free ending veinlet (FEV) branching	Areole shape	Marginal ultimate venation	Fig. 1
B. affinis	PE	Present	Moderate	Unbranched and one or two branched; rarely absent	variable	Absent	C
B. amambayensis	R at apex, PE at base	Present	Moderate	Unbranched and with one or more branches; sometimes absent	variable	Absent
B. angulosa (= S. angulosa)	R at apex, PE at base	Absent	Good	Absent; rarely unbranched	Q and P, rarely T	Absent	D
B. argentinensis	R at apex, PE at base	Present	Moderate	Mostly with one or more branches; sometimes unbranched	Variable	Absent	E
B. bauhinioides	R	Absent, to poor distinct	Moderate to good	Mostly unbranched and one branched; rarely two branched or absent	Variable	Absent	A, F
B. campestris	PE to R	Absent	Moderate, rarely good	Mostly with one or more branches; sometimes unbranched; rarely absent	Variable	Looped	G and H
B. cheilantha	PE	Absent	Good to moderate	Absent, unbranched and one branched; rarely two branched.	Variable	Absent	I
B. forficata	PE, notably at base	Present	Moderate	Mostly with one or more branches; sometimes unbranched	Variable	Absent	J
B. hagenbeckii	R at apex, PE at base	Present	Moderate	Mostly with one and more branches; rarely unbranched	Variable	Absent	B, K
B. holophylla	PE	Absent	Good	Absent and unbranched (FEVs mostly crossing areoles); rarely one branched	Q and P, rarely T	Absent	L
B. microstachya (= S. microstachya)	R at apex, PE at base	Absent, to poor distinct	Moderate	Mostly unbranched and one branched; sometimes with more branches	Variable	Looped and absent	M
B. mollis var. mollis	PE to R	Present	Moderate	Mostly unbranched and one branched; sometimes with more branches or absent	Variable	Absent	N
B. mollis var. notophila	PE	Poor distinct	Moderate	Mostly unbranched and with one or more branches; rarely absent	Variable	Absent	O
B. rufa	PE	Present	Good	Absent and unbranched	Q and P, rarely T	Looped	P and Q
B. ungulata var. cuiabensis	PE to R at apex	Absent	Good	Absent, unbranched and one branched	Variable to Q, P, T	Looped and absent
B. ungulata var. ungulata	PE to R at apex	Absent, to poor distinct	Good	Absent, unbranched and one branched	Variable to Q, P, T	Looped	R
B. uruguayensis	R at apex, PE at base	Present	Good/paxillate	Absent; rarely unbranched and one branched	Q and P, rarely T	Looped and in part absent	S

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail:jnores@imbiv.unc.edu.ar (M.J. Nores).