Phenolic extract of <i>Parkia</i> biglobosa fruit pulp stalls aflatoxin B1 – mediated oxidative rout in the liver of male rats

Ajiboye, Taofeek O.; Adeleye, Abdulwasiu O.; Salau, Amadu K.; Ojewuyi, Oluwayemisi B.; Adigun, Nurudeen S.; Sabiu, Saheed; Sunmonu, Taofik O.

doi:10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.010

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Original Articles • Rev. bras. farmacogn. 24 (6) • Nov-Dec 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.010 copy

Phenolic extract of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp stalls aflatoxin B1 – mediated oxidative rout in the liver of male rats

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The effect of phenolic extract of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, Fabaceae, pulp on aflatoxin B₁ induced oxidative imbalance in rat liver was evaluated. Thirty-five male rats were randomized into seven groups of five animals each. Rats in group A served as control and received vehicle for drug administration (0.5% DMSO) once daily at 24 h intervals for six weeks. Rats in groups B, D, E, F and G, received aflatoxin B₁ (167 μg/kg body weight) in 0.5% DMSO for three weeks, starting from the third week of the experimental period. Rats in Group C received 400 mg/kg bodyweight of the extract for six weeks, while groups D, E and F rats were treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight of the extract for six weeks respectively. Group G rats received 100 mg/kg body weight of vitamin C. Aflatoxin B1-mediated decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were significantly attenuated. Aflatoxin B₁ mediated the elevation in malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl, and significantly lowered DNA fragmentation percentage. Overall, the phenolic extract of P. biglobosa pulp stalls aflatoxin B₁-mediated oxidative rout by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities leading to decreased lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA fragmentation.

Parkia biglobosa ; Redox imbalance; Oxidative stress; DNA fragmentation lipid peroxidation

Treatment/tissues	Alkaline phosphatase		Alanine aminotransferase		Aspartate aminotransferase
Treatment/tissues	Liver	Serum	Liver	Serum	Liver	Serum
0.5% DMSO (control)	7.40 ± 0.35^a	0.043 ± 0.002^a	62.53 ± 4.81^a	3.92 ± 0.21^a	93.12 ± 0.23^a	9.82 ± 0.16^a
AFB₁ treated	1.89 ± 0.02^b	0.452 ± 0.001^b	15.36 ± 1.67^b	8.03 ± 0.33^b	43.02 ± 1.14^b	20.32 ± 1.05^b
400 mg/kg body weight of extract	7.74 ± 0.23^a	0.050 ± 0.001^a	63.10 ± 0.26^a	3.61 ± 0.40^a	90.20 ± 0.23^a	8.50 ± 0.81^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of extract	3.92 ± 0.15^c	0.332 ± 0.001^c	29.26 ± 0.34^c	6.12 ± 0.22^c	60.26 ± 0.24^c	16.03 ± 0.20^c
AFB₁ + 200 mg/kg body weight of extract	5.86 ± 0.31^a	0.100 ± 0.001^c	38.08 ± 2.48^d	4.35 ± 0.46^a	73.28 ± 1.24^c	13.60 ± 1.11^c
AFB₁ + 400 mg/kg body weight of extract	7.03 ± 0.51^a	0.050 ± 0.001^a	54.33 ± 0.12^a	3.64 ± 0.12^a	82.02 ± 5.12^b	11.15 ± 0.15^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C	6.90 ± 0.24^a	0.054 ± 0.002^a	54.17 ± 0.22^a	3.91 ± 0.28^a	86.31 ± 0.60^a	11.44 ± 0.32^a

Treatments	Reduced glutathione	Peroxidized glutathione	GSH: GSSG ratio
Treatments	(nmol/mgprotein)	(nmol/mgprotein)	GSH: GSSG ratio
0.5% DMSO (control)	62.52 ± 0.15^a	6.54 ± 0.11^a	9.56 ± 0.18^a
AFB₁ treated	28.38 ± 0.32^b	22.62 ± 1.10^b	1.25 ± 0.18^b
400 mg/kg body weight of extract	91.31 ± 0.43^c	5.50 ± 0.11^a	16.60 ± 0.11^c
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of extract	37.06 ± 1.24^d	16.48 ± 0.27^c	2.25 ± 0.01^d
AFB₁ + 200 mg/kg body weight of extract	56.66 ± 3.62^a	10.89 ± 0.32^d	5.20 ± 0.15^e
AFB₁ + 400 mg/kg body weight of extract	60.83 ± 2.25^e	6.96 ± 0.57^a	8.74 ± 0.09^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C	64.23 ± 1.18^a	6.40 ± 0.30^e	10.04 ± 0.12^a

Treatments	Conjugated dienes	Lipid hydroperoxide	Malondialdehyde
Treatments	(nmol/mgprotein)	(nmol/mgprotein)	(nmol/mgprotein)
0.5% DMSO (control)	35.23 ± 0.20^a	23.35 ± 0.91^a	6.26 ± 0.23^a
AFB₁ treated	92.03 ± 1.53^b	117.26 ± 0.27^b	20.13 ± 0.62^b
400 mg/kg body weight of extract	25.12 ± 0.73^a	17.84 ± 0.18^a	5.01 ± 0.17^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of extract	71.12 ± 1.21^c	84.71 ± 0.58^c	15.23 ± 0.31^c
AFB₁ + 200 mg/kg body weight of extract	57.31 ± 0.44^d	55.70 ± 1.72^c	10.07 ± 0.36^d
AFB₁ + 400 mg/kg body weight of extract	40.92 ± 4.96^e	38.18 ± 0.82^a	6.43 ± 0.36^e
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C	43.62 ± 1.08^e	33.10 ± 0.14^d	6.22 ± 0.46^a

Treatments	Protein carbonyl (nmol/mgprotein)	Fragmented DNA (%)
0.5% DMSO (control)	3.04 ± 0.02^a	4.93 ± 0.31^a
AFB₁ treated	11.84 ± 0.13^b	90.34 ± 0.35^b
400 mg/kg body weight of extract	2.02 ± 0.01^c	5.04 ± 0.02^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of extract	8.14 ± 0.25^b	55.72 ± 1.44^c
AFB₁ + 200 mg/kg body weight of extract	5.02 ± 0.24^c	34.62 ± 0.23^d
AFB₁ + 400 mg/kg body weight of extract	3.72 ± 0.20^a	10.49 ± 0.16^a
AFB₁ + 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C	3.55 ± 0.15^a	13.81 ± 0.32^e

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail: taofeek.ajiboye@alhikmah.edu.ng (T.O. Ajiboye).