Plants produce a wide range of secondary metabolites, many of which are pharmaceutically important. In this paper were evaluated anti-cancer and trypanocidal activities from Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae) in vivo and in vitro propagated plants. Methanolic extracts of young leaves from in vivo and in vitro material were remarkably active for all tumor cells lines tested, while ethanolic extracts of pseudofruit showed high degree of selectivity against to SP2/0 and BW cells in culture. Mortality of 95 and 100% (48 h) on Trypanosoma cruzi were observed on the aqueous extract of pseudofruit and methanolic extracts of leaves from seedlings.