Vilela et al,2424 VILELA, María Elena Castro; PINA, Raquel María Quílez; MARTELES, José Luis Bonafonte; NAVARRO, Teresa Morlanes; GRACIA, Fernando Calvo. Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en los ancianos hospitalizados. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología, [S.L.], v. 49, n. 1, p. 20-23, jan. 2014. Elsevier BV. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2013.03.007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2013.03.0...
2013, Spain |
Descriptive, prospective study. Objective: to determine MetS prevalence. |
Criteria: National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions of MetS and its relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in hospitalized older patients. |
200 older hospitalized patients |
Prevalence of MetS was 65% (NCEP-ATP III) and 67.5% (IDF), proving greater in women (NCEP-ATP III= 72.8%, IDF=73.6%) than men (NCEP-ATP III=50.7%; IDF=56.3%). |
Nevajda et al,2525 NEVAJDA, Branimir. Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in the Old Institutionalized People in Zagreb, Croatia. Metabolic Syndrome In Older People, Croacia, v. 1, n. 37, p. 203-206, nov. 2020. 2013, Croatia |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of MetS in an older population in Croatia. |
Criteria: WHO. |
561 older nursing home residents in Zagreb, Croatia. There were 160 men (28.5%) and 401 women (71.5%). |
The prevalence of MetS in the older residents was around 20.8%. The most common MetS component was hypertension, being significantly more frequent in women than in men. |
Vieira et al,2626 VIEIRA, Edna Cunha; PEIXOTO, Maria do Rosário Gondim; SILVEIRA, Erika Aparecida da. Prevalence and factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome in elderly users of the Unified Health System. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, [S.L.], v. 17, n. 4, p. 805-817, dez. 2014. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4503201400040001. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-45032014000...
2014, Brazil |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in older adults. |
Criterion: Harmonized criteria proposed by the WHO. |
A total 133 individuals were randomly selected from users of primary health services of the Unified Health System. |
The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 58.65%, with 60.5% for females and 55.7% for males. Hypertension was the most prevalent component of the syndrome in both men (80.8%) and women (85.2%). |
Borissova et al,2727 BORISSOVA. Síndrome Metabólica na População Búlgara em Síndrome metabólica na população búlgara em 2012 2012 Ano. Revista de Endocrinologia, Bulgaria, v. 20, n. 3, p. 144-151, mar. 2015. 2015, Bulgaria |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: to explore the prevalence of MetS in the Bulgarian population and the role of some major factors such as age, gender and place of residence. |
Criteria: IDF (2005), WHO (2000) and the newer harmonized MetS definition (2009). |
1050 women (53.4%) and 917 males (46.6%), of which 538 were older adults (60-80 years). |
Increased waist circumference was found in all older subjects with MetS (as an obligatory component). Most often MetS was diagnosed with three components (in 49.6%). MetS was found in 35.7% and was more prevalent in males (40.9%) than in females (31.1%). MetS prevalence increased with age reaching 53% in older individuals. MetS prevalence in Bulgaria was similar to that in other countries. |
Gholamreza Yousefzadeh; Mehrdad Sheikhvata,2828 YOUSEFZADEH, Gholamreza; SHEIKHVATAN, Mehrdad. Age and gender differences in the clustering of metabolic syndrome combinations: a prospective cohort research from the kerman coronary artery disease risk study (kercadrs). Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, [S.L.], v. 9, n. 4, p. 337-342, out. 2015. Elsevier BV. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2013.02.023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2013.02.02...
2015, Iran |
Retrospective cohort study. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of the different MetS combinations in younger and older men and women in Iran. |
Criteria: Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) and International Diabetes Foundation (IDF). |
6000 individuals, aged 15-75 years, resident in the city of Kerman, of which 874 were aged >60 years. |
The prevalence of MetS increased with age for both genders in the older population. MetS was significantly more prevalent in females for both criteria used. |
DM O'Connor, S. Leahy et al2929 O'CONNOR, D.M.; LEAHY, S.; MCGARRIGLE, C.A.; KENNY, R.A.. A comparison of the prevalence of IDF- and ATPIII- defined metabolic syndrome in adults aged 50 and over in Ireland: findings from tilda. Proceedings Of The Nutrition Society, Irlanda, v. 75, n. 3, p. 1-1, jul. 2016. Cambridge University Press (CUP). Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002966511600224x. https://doi.org/10.1017/s002966511600224...
, 2016, Ireland |
Retrospective cohort study. Objective: to determine the national prevalence of MetS in older adults using data from the first wave of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA). |
Criteria: Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) and International Diabetes Foundation (IDF). |
5026 participants, of which 1811 were older adults. |
The ATPIII-defined prevalence of MetS in the population was 41·6 %, while the IDF criteria identified 47·3 % as having MetS. For both methods, MetS was more prevalent in men than women and increased with age in both sexes. |
Rodríguez et al, 3030 RODRÍGUEZ, Agustín Paramio. Síndrome Metabólico en tres casas de abuelos del Municipio Boyeros. Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas, Cuba, v. 5, n. 19, p. 1-11, set. 2020. 2017, Cuba |
Descriptive cross-sectional study. Objective: To determine the manifestations of MetS in people over 60 years of age in three elderly homes in Boyeros municipality. |
Criterion: Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEF- ATP) |
103 older people |
33.01% of patients had MetS, with predominance (44.12%) in those aged 60-64 years and in female patients (64.71%). |
Xianghua He et al,3131 HE, Xianghua; ZHANG, Wei; PANG, Guofang; LV, Yuan; HU, Caiyou; YANG, Ze. Prevalence and clinical profile of metabolic syndrome in longevity: study from guangxi zhuang autonomous region, china. Bmc Geriatrics, [S.L.], v. 17, n. 1, p. 1-7, 31 jul. 2017. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0536-y. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0536-...
2017, China |
Cross-sectional with a control group Objective: to estimate the prevalence of MetS in longevity in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. |
Criteria: revised National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATPIII) |
226 women and 81 men (mean age: 95.06 ± 4.91 years and 94.60 ± 4.09 years old for women and men, respectively; range: 90–111 years old). The control group comprised 185 women and 301 men (mean age: 47.98 ± 4.07 and 47.24 ± 3.70 years old for women and men, respectively; range: 35–68 years old). |
The overall prevalence estimates of MetS among longevity group were 28.0% based on NCEP ATPIII criteria. The most common metabolic component was elevated blood pressure (61.1%), In the control group, the overall prevalence of MetS was 5.1%, irrespective of the criteria used, while triglycerides was the most common component. |
Sales, et al,3232 SALES, Marcia; OLIVEIRA, Larissa Praça; LIBERALINO, Laura Camila Pereira; CUNHA, Aline Tuane Oliveira; SOUSA, Sara Estefani Soares; LEMOS, Telma Maria Araujo Moura; LIMA, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha; LIMA, Kenio Costa; SENA-EVANGELISTA, Karine Cavalcanti Mauricio; PEDROSA, Lucia Fatima Campos. Frequency of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in institutionalized elderly individuals. Clinical Interventions In Aging, [S.L.], v. 13, p. 2453-2464, nov. 2018. Informa UK Limited. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/cia.s177731. https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s177731...
2018, Brazil |
Analytical and cross-sectional. Objective: to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome and associated. factors in older individuals living in nursing homes. |
Criterion: National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult Treatment Panel III. |
202 older participants of both sexes. |
The frequency of MetS was 29.2%. The most frequent MetS components were low HDLc (63.9%) and abdominal obesity (42.7%). |
James et al,3333 JAMES, Merlit; VARGHESE, Treesa P.; SHARMA, Raghav; CHAND, Sharad. Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus According to International Diabetic Federation and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria: a cross-sectional study. Journal Of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, [S.L.], v. 19, n. 1, p. 437-443, 5 maio 2020. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00523-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00523...
2020, India |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: to identify the occurrence of MetS and to evaluate the gender-associated difference in each component of MetS |
Criteria: International Diabetic Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). |
350 patients, of which 144 were aged >60 years. |
MetS increased with age, peaking at 51-60 years followed by 61-70 years. MetS prevalence was found to be significantly associated with age for both criteria. |
Jesús D. Meléndez-Flores, et al,3434 FLORES, Jesús D. Meléndez; TORRES, Sergio A. Castillo; CONTRERAS, Christopher Cerda; LUÉVANOS, Beatriz E. Chávez; BELLMANN, Ingrid Estrada. Características clínicas del síndrome metabólico en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Revista de Neurología, [S.L.], v. 72, n. 01, p. 9, 2021. Viguera Editores SLU. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.33588/rn.7201.2020323. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7201.2020323...
2021, Mexico |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: To determine the prevalence and clinical features of MetS and its components in patients with Parkinson Disease (PD). |
Criterion: World Health Organization. |
99 patients with median age of 66 years, with most patients male. |
Among components of MetS, arterial hypertension showed the greatest prevalence among patients with PD with 30%. MetS was reported in 8% of the PD population. |
SAUKKONEN et al,3535 SAUKKONEN, Tuula; JOKELAINEN, Jari; TIMONEN, Markku; CEDERBERG, Henna; LAAKSO, Mauri; HÄRKÖNEN, Pirjo; KEINÄNEN-KIUKAANNIEMI, Sirkka; RAJALA, Ulla. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome components among the elderly using three different definitions: a cohort study in finland. Scandinavian Journal Of Primary Health Care, [S.L.], v. 30, n. 1, p. 29-34, 12 fev. 2012. Informa UK Limited. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02813432.2012.654192. https://doi.org/10.3109/02813432.2012.65...
2021, Finland |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: to investigate the prevalence of MetS and its components in an aging population by using different definitions. |
Criteria: National Cholesterol Education Panel (NCEP), the modified NCEP (NCEPm), and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). |
539 participants comprising 320 women and 219 men |
Overall, the prevalence of MetS was 24.7%, 35.2%, and 37.2% in men, by NCEP, modified NCEP, and IDF-definitions, respectively. In women the corresponding figures were 20.9%, 33.1%, and 47.8%. |
Zoghi et al,2020 ZOGHI, Ghazal; NEJATIZADEH, Azim; SHAHMORADI, Mehdi; GHAEMMAGHAMI, Zahra; KHEIRANDISH, Masoumeh. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Determinants in the Middle-aged and Elderly Population in A Southern Coastal Region, Iran (the PERSIAN Cohort Study): a cross-sectional study. Shiraz E-Medical Journal, [S.L.], v. 23, n. 3, p. 1-11, 16 nov. 2021. Briefland. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/semj.116838. https://doi.org/10.5812/semj.116838...
2021, Iran |
Prospective cohort study. Objective: to determine the prevalence of MetS, its components, and related factors in the southern coastal area of Iran, Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD). |
Criteria: National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the Iranian-specific cut-off for waist circumference (95 cm), the IDF and Iranian-specific cut-off point for Iran. |
Of 3,927 participants included in this study, 598 were aged ≥60 years. |
Females, the widowed/divorced, the illiterate, rural residents, the unemployed, and non-smokers showed a higher number of MetS components compared to their counterparts. 54.6% of the older population met the Iranian definition of MetS. |
Sinha, et al,3636 SINHA, Nirmalya. Metabolic syndrome among elderly care-home residents in southern India: a cross-sectional study. Who South-East Asia Journal Of Public Health, India, v. 1, n. 5, p. 62-69, fev. 2023. 2023, India |
Cross-sectional study. Objective: to determine the prevalence of MetS and its correlates among the residents of care homes for the elderly in Hyderabad city, India. |
Criteria: International Diabetes Federation. |
114 older residents (aged ≥60 years) from 2 care homes. |
The overall prevalence of MetS was 42.1% (48/114) among the study population. A higher prevalence (50.9%; 27/53) was found among women. High blood pressure or taking antihypertensive medication was the most common (95.8%; 46/48) cardiometabolic component. The risk of metabolic syndrome did not differ significantly by age group or sex. |