Factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cataract: integrative review

Oliveira, Neilzo Nunes; Ikegami, Érica Midori; Oliveira, Nayara Gomes Nunes; Tavares, Darlene Mara dos Santos

doi:10.1590/1981-22562022025.220076.en

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. 24 (5) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562022025.220076.en copy

Factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cataract: integrative review

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

to identify the scientific evidence available in the literature on factors associated with functional disability in older people with cataract.

Methods

integrative literature review carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS and CINAHL databases. Original articles that answered the guiding question were included: what is the scientific evidence on the factors associated with the functional disability of older people with cataract?

Results

six articles were included, most were published from the year 2000 (n=4) and carried out in America (n=3). Longitudinal (n=3) with level of evidence IV, and cross-sectional (n=3) with level of evidence VI predominated, and that performed path analysis (n=3). Based on the findings, three thematic categories emerged: demographic characteristics; related to eye, physical and mental health, and behavioral.

Conclusion

the functional disability of older people with cataract may be the result of demographic, related to eye, physical and mental health, and behavioral characteristics.

Keywords
Aged; Activities of Daily Living; Cataract; Visual Acuity

Author, year, place	Study design, general characteristics of the sample and statistical analysis	Cataract classification	Functional capacity among older people with cataract (instrument and occurrence)	Methodological quality (NOS)	Level of Scientific Evidence (AHRQ)
Borges et al. (2014)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200. Distrito Federal, Brazil	Cross-sectional observational study, with 100 older people, 50% with cataracts, of these 52% women and 60% aged 70 years or over. Simple Poisson regression.	Self-reported bilateral cataract.	Katz Index (dependent: in one or more ADL), Lawton & Brody Scale (dependent/ semidependent for one or more IADL). Among older people dependent for BADL and IADL, 59.7% and 57.8% had cataract, respectively..	7/10	VI
Elam et al. (1988)¹⁸18 Elam JT, Graney MJ, Applegate WB, Miller ST, Freeman JM, Wood TO, et al. Functional outcome one year following cataract surgery in elderly persons. J Gerontol. 1988;43(5):M122-126. Tennessee, USA	Prospective observational cohort study, with 164 older people, 77% women, mean age of 76.5±4.8 years. Path analysis.	Preoperative diagnosis of cataract.	FAI, ranging from 13 (best functional capacity) to 39 (worst functional capacity) points. Average FAI = 14.1±1.8.	6/9	IV
Espallargues et al. (1998)¹⁹19 Espallargues M, Alonso J. Effectiveness of cataract surgery in Barcelona, Spain: site results of an international study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1998;51(10):843–52. Barcelona, Spain	Prospective observational cohort study with 218 older people, 61% of whom were women, mean age of 70.5±8.7 years. Multiple linear regression.	Preoperative diagnosis of cataract.	VF-14, ranging from 0 (worst perceived visual functional capacity) to 100 (best possible perceived visual functional capacity) points. Preoperative average VF-14 = 64±27	6/9	IV
Tavares et al. (2020)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Minas Gerais, Brazil	Cross-sectional observational study, with 957 older people, with 268 with cataract; of these, 67.2% were women, 50.4% were between 70 and 79 years of age. Path analysis.	Self-reported cataract.	Katz Index, Lawton & Brody Scale, AADL Scale (higher scores for BADL and lower scores for IADL and ADL indicate greater functional disability). BADL score = 0.13±0.39; IADL = 17.67±3.42; AADL = 5.11±2.40.	10/10	VI
Knoll et al. (2004)²¹21 Knoll N, Rieckmann N, Scholz U, Schwarzer R. Predictors of subjective age before and after cataract surgery: conscientiousness makes a difference. Psychol Aging. 2004;19(4):676–88. Germany	Prospective observational cohort study, with 134 individuals, 69% women, mean age of 71.63±9.52 years. Path analysis.	Preoperative diagnosis of cataract.	Difficulty performing ADL, with 0 = very easy and 4 = very difficult. Preoperative average = 1.14±0.69 (0-4 points)	5/9	IV
Walker et al. (2006)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Sidney, Australia	Cross-sectional observational study, with 105 participants, 58% women; mean age of 73.69±7.10 years. Multiple logistic regression.	Preoperative diagnosis of posterior subcapsular cataract.	VF-14, ranging from 0 (worst perceived visual functional ability) to 100 (best possible perceived visual functional ability) points. Average score = 78.75 ± 15.91.	6/10	VI

Categories	BADL	IADL	AADL	VF-14	FAI
Demographic characteristics	Age >70 years (p=0.037)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200.	Higher average age (β= -0.21; p=0.04)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17.	-	-	Higher age, mediated by worse cognitive ability (β=-0.09)¹⁸18 Elam JT, Graney MJ, Applegate WB, Miller ST, Freeman JM, Wood TO, et al. Functional outcome one year following cataract surgery in elderly persons. J Gerontol. 1988;43(5):M122-126.
Characteristics related to the state of eye, physical and mental health	Having three or more morbidities (p=0.037)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200.; (p<0.001)²¹21 Knoll N, Rieckmann N, Scholz U, Schwarzer R. Predictors of subjective age before and after cataract surgery: conscientiousness makes a difference. Psychol Aging. 2004;19(4):676–88. High/low visual difficulty (p=0.001)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200. Worse physical performance (β=-0.20; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Functional disability for IADL (β=-0.20; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Worse visual acuity in the eye to be operated on (p<0.05) and in the eye contralateral to the operated one (p<0.05)²¹21 Knoll N, Rieckmann N, Scholz U, Schwarzer R. Predictors of subjective age before and after cataract surgery: conscientiousness makes a difference. Psychol Aging. 2004;19(4):676–88. Less conscientiousness (p<0.01)²¹21 Knoll N, Rieckmann N, Scholz U, Schwarzer R. Predictors of subjective age before and after cataract surgery: conscientiousness makes a difference. Psychol Aging. 2004;19(4):676–88.	High/low visual difficulty (p=0.001)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200. Worse physical performance (β=0.21; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Higher number of compromised frailty phenotype components (β=-0.27; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Lower participation in AADL (β=0.28; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Less conscientiousness (p<0.01)²¹21 Knoll N, Rieckmann N, Scholz U, Schwarzer R. Predictors of subjective age before and after cataract surgery: conscientiousness makes a difference. Psychol Aging. 2004;19(4):676–88. Higher level of depression (β=-0.28; p=0.010)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Higher level of anxiety (β=0.31; p=0.03)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Worse contrast sensitivity (β=0.24; p=0.03)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17.	Higher number of compromised frailty phenotype components (β=-0.36; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Higher number of depressive symptoms (β=-0.28; p<0.05)⁷7 Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(17–18):2634–45. Higher level of stress (β=-0.45; p<0.001)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Worse visual acuity (β=-0.54; p<0.001)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Worse contrast sensitivity, greater difficulty driving (β=0.32; p=0.02)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17.	Worse general health status (β=-0.23; p<0.001)¹⁹19 Espallargues M, Alonso J. Effectiveness of cataract surgery in Barcelona, Spain: site results of an international study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1998;51(10):843–52. igher level of stress (β=-0.20; p=0.004)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Worse visual acuity in the eye with the worst vision (β=-0.38; p<0.001)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17. Worse contrast sensitivity (β=0.24; p=0.03)²⁰20 Walker JG, Anstey KJ, Lord SR. Psychological distress and visual functioning in relation to vision-related disability in older individuals with cataracts. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 2):303–17.	Worse cognitive ability (mental state) (β=0.51; p<0.001)¹⁸18 Elam JT, Graney MJ, Applegate WB, Miller ST, Freeman JM, Wood TO, et al. Functional outcome one year following cataract surgery in elderly persons. J Gerontol. 1988;43(5):M122-126. Greater binocular visual impairment (β=0.51; p<0.001)¹⁸18 Elam JT, Graney MJ, Applegate WB, Miller ST, Freeman JM, Wood TO, et al. Functional outcome one year following cataract surgery in elderly persons. J Gerontol. 1988;43(5):M122-126.
Behavioral characteristics	Physical inactivity (p=0.013)²²22 Borges LL, Santos FPV, Pagotto V, Menezes RL. Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors. Fisioter mov. 2014;27(2):189–200.	-	-	-	-

Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Bloco F, 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel.: (55 21) 2334-0168 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revistabgg@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares darlenetavares@enfermagem.uftm.edu.br

Brasil

Brasil

Factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cataract: integrative review

Abstract

﻿Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Objective