Evaluation of the Seroprevalence of Infectious Diseases in 2,445 in vitro Fertilization Cycles

Anjos, João Guilherme Grassi dos; Carvalho, Newton Sergio de; Saab, Karam Abou; Araujo Júnior, Edward; Kulak Junior, Jaime

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1725055

Brasil

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Short Communication • Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet. 43 (03) • Mar 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725055 linkcopy

Evaluation of the Seroprevalence of Infectious Diseases in 2,445 in vitro Fertilization Cycles

Avaliação da soroprevalência de doenças infecciosas em 2.445 ciclos de fertilização in vitro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the seroprevalence of positive markers for syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) I and II, human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) I and II, and hepatitis B and C among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis among patients who underwent IVF, between January 2013 and February 2016, and who had complete screening records.

Results We analyzed 1,008 patients who underwent IVF, amounting to 2,445 cycles. Two patients (0.2%) tested positive for HIV I and II and none for HTLV I and II. Three patients (0.3%) had positive screening for syphilis, and two (0.2%) had positive hepatitis C antibody test (anti-HCV). A positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HbsAg) test was observed in 4 patients (0.4%), while 47 (4.7%) patients were positive for IgG antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HbC IgG), and only 1 (0.1%) was positive for IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HbC IgM). The anti-HbS test was negative in 659 patients (65.3%). Only 34.7% of the patients had immunity against the Hepatitis B virus. Patients with an anti-HbS negative result were older than those with a hepatitis B test (anti-HbS) positive result (36.3 versus 34.9; p<0.001).

Conclusion The present study showed lower infection rates than the Brazilian ones for the diseases studied in patients undergoing IVF. Only a few patients were immunized against hepatitis B.

Keywords:
fertilization in vitro; human immunodeficiency virus; syphilis; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; human Tlymphotropic virus 1

Age (years old)	n (%)
≤ 25	17 (1.7)
26 to 30	144 (14.3)
31 to 35	375 (37.2)
36 to 40	290 (28.8)
40	182 (18.1)
Total	1008 (100)

Serologic testing	Positiven (%)
Syphilis	3 (0.3)
HIV I and II	2 (0.2)
HTLV I and II	0 (0)
Anti-HCV	2 (0.2)
HbsAg	4 (0.4)
Anti-HbC IgM	1 (0.1)
Anti-HbC IgG	47 (4.7)
Anti-HbS	344 (34.3)

Serologic testing	Positiven (%)	95%CI ^*
Syphilis	3 (0.30)	0.06–0.87%
HIV I and II	2 (0.20)	0.02–0.71%
Anti-HCV	2 (0.20)	0.02–0.72%
HbsAg	4 (0.40)	0.10–1.01%
Anti-HbC IgM	1 (0.10)	0.002–0.55%
Anti-HbC IgG	47 (4.7)	3.5–6.2%

Serologic testing	Positive	95%CI ^*
Anti-HbS	344 (34.3%)	31.4–37.3%
Anti-HbS restricted to negative anti-HbC IgG	302 (31.7%)	28.7–34.7%
Anti-HbS restricted to positive anti-HbC IgG	39 (84.8%)	71.1–93.7%

		Age (years old)
	n	Mean	Minimum	Maximum	SD	p-value ^*
Negative	659	36.3	19.8	56.7	4.8
Positive	344	34.9	21.3	52.6	5.0	< 0.001

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Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Av. Brigadeiro Luís Antônio, 3421, sala 903 - Jardim Paulista, 01401-001 São Paulo SP - Brasil, Tel. (55 11) 5573-4919 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: editorial.office@febrasgo.org.br

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[TFN1] Abbreviations: anti-HbC IgM, IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen; anti-HbC IgG, IgG antibody to hepatitis B core antigen; anti-HbS, hepatitis B test; HbsAg, hepatitis B virus surface antigen; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTLV, human T cell lymphotropic virus.