Fatini et al. (2000)2626 Fatini C, Gensini F, Battaglini B, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme DD genotype, angiotensin type 1 receptor CC genotype, and hyperhomocysteinemia increase first-trimester fetal-loss susceptibility. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2000;11(07):657-662
|
Italy (Caucasian) |
≥3 |
59/70 |
28 |
21 |
10 |
77 |
6 |
20 |
30 |
20 |
70 |
70 |
0.500 |
0.231 |
6 |
Buchholz et al. (2003)2727 Buchholz T, Lohse P, Rogenhofer N, Kosian E, Pihusch R, Thaler CJ. Polymorphisms in the ACE and PAI-1 genes are associated with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages. Hum Reprod 2003;18(11): 2473-2477. Doi: 10.1093/humrep/deg474 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg474...
|
Germany (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
184/127 |
59 |
83 |
42 |
201 |
7 |
30 |
71 |
26 |
131 |
123 |
0.484 |
0.179 |
7 |
Soltan Ghoraei et al. (2007)2828 Soltan Ghoraei H,Memariani T, AarabiM, et al. Association of ACE, PAI-1 and coagulation factor XIII gene polymorphisms with recurrent spontaneous abortion in Iranian patients. J Reprod Infertil 2007;7:324-330
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥2 |
120/112 |
38 |
62 |
29 |
128 |
7 |
25 |
47 |
22 |
116 |
108 |
0.484 |
0.992 |
7 |
Goodman et al. (2008)2929 Goodman C, Hur J, Goodman CS, Jeyendran RS, Coulam C. Are polymorphisms in the ACE and PAI-1 genes associated with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages? Am J Reprod Immunol 2009;62(06):365-370. Doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009.00744.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009...
|
USA (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
120/84 |
34 |
55 |
31 |
123 |
6 |
28 |
34 |
40 |
74 |
94 |
0.558 |
0.001 |
6 |
Vettriselvi et al. (2008)3030 Vettriselvi V, Vijayalakshmi K, Paul SFD, Venkatachalam P. ACE and MTHFR gene polymorphisms in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2008;34(03):301-306. Doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00792.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008...
|
India (West-Asian) |
≥2 |
104/120 |
23 |
39 |
42 |
85 |
6 |
27 |
38 |
55 |
92 |
148 |
0.616 |
≤0.001 |
6 |
Pan (2009)3131 Pan L. Association of the PAI-1 and ACE Gene Polymorphismwith the Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion [master's thesis]. Yinchuan, China: Ningxia Medical University; 2009
|
China (East-Asian) |
≥2 |
190/193 |
29 |
100 |
61 |
158 |
7 |
23 |
89 |
81 |
135 |
251 |
0.650 |
0.847 |
7 |
Bukreeva et al. (2009)3232 Bukreeva L, Grigorov A, Kiesewetter H, Hoppe B. Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme intron 16 insertion/deletion polymorphism with history of foetal loss. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2009;10(04):237-240. Doi: 10.1177/1470320309343813 https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320309343813...
|
Germany (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
314/553 |
90 |
164 |
58 |
346 |
8 |
159 |
254 |
140 |
572 |
534 |
0.482 |
0.059 |
8 |
Al Sallout and Sharif (2010)3333 Al Sallout RJ, Sharif FA. Polymorphisms in NOS3, ACE and PAI-1 genes and risk of spontaneous recurrent miscarriage in the Gaza Strip. Med Princ Pract 2010;19(02):99-104. Doi: 10.1159/000273067 https://doi.org/10.1159/000273067...
|
Gaza (West-Asian) |
≥3 |
100/100 |
49 |
9 |
42 |
140 |
6 |
54 |
12 |
34 |
142 |
58 |
0.400 |
≤0.001 |
6 |
Bagheri et al. (2010)3434 Bagheri M, Abdi Rad I, Omrani MD, Nanbaksh F. Polymorphisms of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene in Iranian Azeri Turkish women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Hum Fertil (Camb) 2010;13(02):79-82. Doi: 10.3109/14647273.2010.484844 https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.48...
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥3 |
50/63 |
17 |
26 |
7 |
60 |
5 |
24 |
27 |
12 |
75 |
51 |
0.404 |
0.380 |
5 |
Choi et al. (2011)3535 Choi YS, Kwon H, Kim JH, et al. Haplotype-based association of ACE I/D, AT1R 1166A>C, and AGT M235T polymorphisms in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genes in Korean women with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortions. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011;158(02):225-228. Doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.04.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.04...
|
Korea (East-Asian) |
≥3 |
126/251 |
41 |
50 |
35 |
132 |
6 |
44 |
130 |
77 |
218 |
284 |
0.565 |
0.391 |
6 |
Zhang et al. (2011)1414 Zhang S, Wang J, Wang B, Ping Y, Ma X. Strong association between angiotensin I-convertingenzyme I/Dpolymorphismand unexplained recurrent miscarriage of Chinese women-a case-control study. Reprod Sci 2011;18(08):743-746. Doi: 10.1177/1933719111415865 https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719111415865...
|
China (East-Asian) |
≥2 |
127/132 |
21 |
49 |
57 |
91 |
6 |
8 |
34 |
90 |
50 |
214 |
0.810 |
0.064 |
6 |
Aarabi et al. (2011)3636 Aarabi M, Memariani T, Arefi S, et al. Polymorphisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, angiotensin converting enzyme and coagulation factor XIII genes in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011;24(03): 545-548. Doi: 10.3109/14767058.2010.511331 https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2010.51...
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥3 |
58/94 |
19 |
30 |
14 |
62 |
5 |
25 |
47 |
22 |
97 |
91 |
0.484 |
0.992 |
5 |
Corbo et al. (2011)3737 Corbo RM, Ulizzi L, Piombo L, Scacchi R. Association of ACE I/D polymorphism and recurrent miscarriages in an Italian population with a pre-modern reproductive pattern. Ann Hum Biol 2011;38(01):102-105. Doi: 10.3109/03014460.2010.481265 https://doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2010.48...
|
Italy (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
18/74 |
12 |
6 |
0 |
30 |
4 |
18 |
22 |
34 |
58 |
90 |
0.608 |
0.001 |
4 |
Ozdemir et al. (2012)3838 Ozdemir O, Yenicesu GI, Silan F, et al. Recurrent pregnancy loss and its relation to combined parental thrombophilic gene mutations. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012;16(04):279-286. Doi: 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0191 https://doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2011.0191...
|
Turkey (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
327/106 |
121 |
145 |
61 |
387 |
8 |
21 |
51 |
34 |
93 |
119 |
0.561 |
0.812 |
8 |
Poursadegh Zonouzi (2013)3939 Poursadegh Zonouzi A, Farajzadeh D, Bargahi N, Farajzadeh M. Apolipoprotein E genotyping inwomenwith recurrent pregnancy loss: an in silico and experimental hybrid study. Gene 2014;549 (02):209-213. Doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.055 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.0...
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥2 |
89/50 |
23 |
31 |
35 |
77 |
5 |
7 |
28 |
15 |
42 |
58 |
0.580 |
0.135 |
5 |
Kim et al. (2014)4040 Kim JJ, Choi YM, Lee SK, et al. The PAI-1 4G/5G and ACE I/D polymorphisms and risk of recurrent pregnancy loss: a casecontrol study. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014;72(06):571-576. Doi: 10.1111/aji.12302 https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.12302...
|
Korea (East-Asian) |
≥2 |
227/304 |
34 |
110 |
83 |
178 |
8 |
52 |
148 |
104 |
252 |
356 |
0.585 |
0.957 |
8 |
Yalcintepe et al. (2015)4141 Yalcintepe S, Ozdemir O, Hacivelioglu SO, et al. Multiple inherited thrombophilic gene polymorphisms in spontaneous abortions in Turkish population. Int J Mol Cell Med 2015;4(02):120-127
|
Turkey (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
20/22 |
9 |
7 |
4 |
30 |
5 |
8 |
9 |
5 |
25 |
19 |
0.431 |
0.435 |
5 |
Shakarami et al. (2015)1515 Shakarami F, AkbariMT, Zare Karizi S. Association of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and angiotensin converting enzyme polymorphismswith recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranianwomen. Iran J Reprod Med 2015;13(10):627-632
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥2 |
100/100 |
34 |
60 |
6 |
128 |
5 |
52 |
48 |
0 |
152 |
48 |
0.240 |
0.001 |
5 |
Kurzawińska et al. (2016)4242 Kurzawinska G, Barlik M, Drews K, et al. Coexistence of ACE (I/D) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) gene variants in recurrentmiscarriage in Polish population. Ginekol Pol 2016;87(04):271-276. Doi: 10.17772/gp/62203 https://doi.org/10.17772/gp/62203...
|
Poland (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
152/180 |
40 |
80 |
32 |
160 |
6 |
52 |
84 |
44 |
188 |
172 |
0.477 |
0.384 |
6 |
Al-Mukaynizi et al. (2016)4343 Al-Mukaynizi FB, AlKhuriji A, Babay Z, et al. Lack of association between angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism and unexplained recurrent miscarriage in Saudi Arabia. J Med Biochem 2016;35(02):166-173. Doi: 10.1515/jomb-2015-0020 https://doi.org/10.1515/jomb-2015-0020...
|
Saudi Arabia (West-Asian) |
≥3 |
61/59 |
40 |
18 |
3 |
98 |
6 |
32 |
25 |
2 |
89 |
29 |
0.245 |
0.272 |
6 |
Hussian et al. (2016)4444 Hussian AMF, Mohammed NEA, Ahmed MAM, Ali EW. Angiotensin converting enzyme Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism and riskof recurrent pregnancy loss among Sudanesewomen. Rev Obstet Gynecol 2016;4:7-10. Doi: 10.5923/j.rog.20160401.02 https://doi.org/10.5923/j.rog.20160401.0...
|
Sudan (African) |
≥3 |
40/40 |
23 |
14 |
3 |
60 |
6 |
37 |
3 |
0 |
77 |
3 |
0.037 |
0.805 |
6 |
Pereza et al. (2016)4545 Pereza N, Ostojic S, Zdravcevic M, Volk M, Kapovic M, Peterlin B. Insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 16 of ACE gene in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion: case-control study, systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2016;32(02):237-246. Doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.11.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.11.0...
|
Slovenia (Caucasian) |
≥3 |
149/149 |
43 |
75 |
31 |
161 |
7 |
55 |
62 |
32 |
172 |
126 |
0.422 |
0.071 |
7 |
Fazelnia et al. (2016)4646 Fazelnia S, Farazmandfar T, Hashemi-Soteh SMB. Significant correlation of angiotensin converting enzyme and glycoprotein IIIa genes polymorphisms with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss in north of Iran. Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd) 2016;14(05): 323-328
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥2 |
100/100 |
29 |
40 |
31 |
98 |
6 |
44 |
33 |
23 |
121 |
79 |
0.395 |
0.001 |
6 |
López-Jiménez et al. (2016)4747 López-Jiménez JJ, Porras-Dorantes Á, Juárez-Vázquez CI, et al. Molecular thrombophilic profile in Mexican patients with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Genet Mol Res 2016;15(04):. Doi: 10.4238/gmr.15048728 https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr.15048728...
|
Mexico (Latinos) |
≥3 |
55/50 |
10 |
34 |
11 |
54 |
6 |
10 |
19 |
21 |
39 |
61 |
0.610 |
0.154 |
6 |
Heidari et al. (2017)4848 Heidari MM, Sheikholeslami M, Yavari M, Khatami M, Seyedhassani SM. The association of renin-angiotensinogen system genes polymorphisms and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Hum Fertil (Camb) 2017;•••:1-7. Doi: 10.1080/14647273.2017.1388545 https://doi.org/10.1080/14647273.2017.13...
|
Iran (West-Asian) |
≥3 |
202/210 |
51 |
102 |
49 |
204 |
8 |
70 |
99 |
41 |
239 |
181 |
0.431 |
0.573 |
8 |
Chatzidimitriou et al. (2017)4949 Chatzidimitriou M, Chatzidimitriou D, Mavridou M, et al. Thrombophilic gene polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss in Greek women. Int J Lab Hematol 2017;39(06):590-595. Doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12703 https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12703...
|
Greece (Caucasian) |
≥2 |
48/27 |
21 |
23 |
4 |
56 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
9 |
26 |
28 |
0.518 |
0.179 |
6 |