Purpose: to analyze the perinatal results of patients submitted to a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during prenatal care at the Instituto Materno-Infantil de Pernambuco (IMIP), according to three different criteria. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 210 pregnant patients attended at the IMIP, who were tested by a 100 g OGTT and had a singleton, topic pregnancy, without history of diabetes or glucose intolerance before pregnancy, and who delivered at the IMIP. The patients were classified into one of the following categories according to the levels found by OGTT: controls, mild hyperglycemia, Bertini's group, Carpenter's group and the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG). These classes were then compared and association between the categories and preeclampsia, large for gestational age (LGA) newborns, rate of cesarean delivery, stillbirth, and mean birth weight was investigated. Results: the frequency of gestational diabetes was 48.1, 18.1, and 9% according to Bertini's, Carpenter and Coustan's and NDDG criteria, respectively, and mild hyperglycemia was present in 10.5%. Age of patients increased with a higher degree of carbohydrate intolerance. The groups did not differ regarding frequency of LGA, C-section, stillbirths, and birth weight. There was an increased frequency of preeclampsia among women with hyperglycemia and gestational diabetes according to Carpenter and Coustan's criteria. Conclusions: prevalence of gestational diabetes varied between 9 and 48% according to the different criteria, but maternal and perinatal results did not differ significantly among the groups. Strict diagnostic criteria can determine overdiagnosis without improvement of perinatal outcome.
Gestational diabetes; Hypertension; Fetal death; Oral glucose tolerance test
