Freitas et al (2018)88 de Freitas LM, Bø K, Fernandes ACNL, Uechi N, Duarte TB, Ferreira CHJ. Pelvic floor muscle knowledge and relationship with muscle strength in Brazilian women: a cross-sectional study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2018; •••. Doi: 10.1007/s00192-018- 3824-y https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-018- 3824...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
Knowledge/ PFM |
Designed questionnaire but no information if pilot-tested; ICIQ-UI-SF |
Most of the women presented no PFM knowledge, with a mean total score of 0.48 (±0.97). The ICIQ-UISF mean score was 7.1 (±6.8). There were weak correlations between PFM knowledge and age (r −0.2044/ p = 0.01), and PFM knowledge and parity (r −0.19568/p= 0.02). Pelvic floor muscle knowledge was higher among women with higher education levels (p= 0.0012) and those who had previously performed PFM training (p< 0.001). |
Arbuckle et al (2018)99 Arbuckle JL, Parden AM, Hoover K, Griffin RL, Richter HE. Prevalence and awareness of pelvic floor disorders in adolescent females seeking gynecologic care. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2018;••• . Doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2018.11.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2018.11.0...
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Selection: ✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸ |
Awareness; PFD |
ISI-P; FISI; ISI-2; POPDI-6; Designed questionnaire but no information if pilot-tested |
The majority of respondents had at least heard about UI and FI (62.9%). The prevalence of any UI was 31.5 %. Approximately 29% of adolescents reported an interest in learning more about pelvic floor disorders. Early education regarding PFS may lead to prevention or empowerment to seek treatment as adolescents age. |
Cardoso et al (2018)1010 Cardoso AMB, Lima CROP, Ferreira CWS. Prevalence of urinary incontinence in high-impact sports athletes and their association with knowledge, attitude and practice about this dysfunction. Eur J Sport Sci 2018;18(10):1405-1412. Doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1496146 https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.14...
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Selection: ✸✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
IU; KAP |
KAP; ICIQ-SF; QOL; Designed and pilot-tested questionnaire |
The prevalence of UI in 118 athletes was 70% (82). Regarding the KAP survey, 31% of the athletes (37) demonstrated adequate knowledge, 53% (63) adequate attitude, and zero adequate practice. Athletes with adequate knowledge were 57% less likely to develop UI. |
Neels et al (2016)1111 Neels H, Wyndaele JJ, Tjalma WA, De Wachter S, Wyndaele M, Vermandel A. Knowledge of the pelvic floor in nulliparous women. J Phys Ther Sci 2016;28(05):1524-1533. Doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1524 https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1524...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸ |
Knowledge of PFF |
Designed and pilot-tested questionnaire |
Using a VAS scale (0–10), the women rated their knowledge about the pelvic floor as a mean of 2.4 (SD 2.01). A total of 93% of the women were insufficiently informed and requested more information; 25% had concerns about developing UI, and 14% about FI. Many of the women were unaware what pelvic floor training meant. |
Parden et al (2016)1212 Parden AM, Griffin RL, Hoover K, et al. Prevalence, awareness, and understanding of pelvic floor disorders in adolescent and young women. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2016;22(05):346-354. Doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000287 https://doi.org/10.1097/SPV.000000000000...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
PFS (UI, POP, FI, PFS's knowledge) |
Designed questionnaire but no information if pilot-tested |
There was no difference between groups in awareness of family members with UI, FI, or POP symptoms (p≥ 0.24). Young women were more likely to have received education regarding UI; (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.6), FI (aOR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.2–4.8), POP (aOR, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.1–4.2), and have greater understanding regarding the causes of UI (aOR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7–4.8), FI (aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.3), and POP (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3–2.9). |
Dunivan et al (2015)1313 Dunivan GC, Komesu YM, Cichowski SB, Lowery C, Anger JT, Rogers RG. Elder American Indian women's knowledge of pelvic floor disorders and barriers to seeking care. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2015;21(01):34-38. Doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000103 https://doi.org/10.1097/SPV.000000000000...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸ |
UI, POP's Knowledge |
PIKQ; BICS-Q |
The mean (SD) for PIKQ of UI score was 6.6 (3.0) (similar to historic gynecology controls 6.8 [3.3], p= 0.49), and the mean (SD) for PIKQ on POP score was 5.4 (2.9) (better than historic gynecology controls 3.6 [3.2], p< 0.01). |
Mandimika et al (2015)1414 Mandimika CL,Murk W, McpencowAM, et al. Racial disparities in knowledge of pelvic floor disorders among community-dwelling women. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2015;21(05):287-292. Doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000182 https://doi.org/10.1097/SPV.000000000000...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸✸ |
PFD's Knowledge stratified by race |
PIKQ |
African-American women presented higher odds for lack of knowledge in UI and POP etiology (aOR 3.05 95%CI [1.70–5.47] and aOR 2.15 95%CI [1.18–3.91], respectively) but no difference with regard to UI and POP diagnosis. |
Day et al (2014)2626 DayMR,Patricia LW,Loughran S,O'Sullivan E. Community-dwelling women's knowledge of urinary incontinence. Br J Community Nurs 2014;19(11):534-538. Doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2014.19.11.534 https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2014.19.11...
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Selection: ✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI's Knowledge |
UIK |
Participants had poor knowledge of UI, especially in relation to risk, prevention, treatment, and management factors. Less than 20% of the participants indicated they had been given information on bladder and bowel health issues |
Perera et al (2014)1515 Perera J, Kirthinanda DS, Wijeratne S, Wickramarachchi TK. Descriptive cross sectional study on prevalence, perceptions, predisposing factors and health seeking behaviour of women with stress urinary incontinence. BMC Womens Health 2014; 14:78. Doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-14-78 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-14-78...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
SUI; Perceptions and Health seeking behavior |
Designed and pilot-tested questionnaire |
Stress urinary incontinence was perceived as an illness by 210 (52.5%) subjects. Stress urinary incontinence was significantly associated with pregnancy, parity, vaginal delivery, complicated labor, diabetes mellitus, chronic cough, constipation, and fecal incontinence (p< 0.05). |
Shrestha et al (2014)1616 Shrestha B, Devkota B, Khadka BB, et al. Knowledge on uterine prolapse among marriedwomen of reproductive age in Nepal. Int J Womens Health 2014;6:771-779. Doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S65508 https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S65508...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UP's Knowledge |
Designed and no information if pilot-tested |
Fifty-three percent had never heard about UP. Among women who had heard about UP, 37.5% had satisfactory knowledge. Any knowledge about UP was associated with both urban and rural settings, age group, and education level. However, satisfactory knowledge about UP was associated with administrative region, ecological zones, caste/ethnic group, and age group of women |
Mandimika et al (2014)1717 Mandimika CL,MurkW,MühlhäuserMcPencowA, et al. Knowledge of pelvic floor disorders in a population of community-dwelling women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210(02):165.e1-165.e9. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.0...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI; POP |
PIKQ |
There is a global lack of knowledge about UI and POP among community-dwelling women, with more pronounced knowledge gaps among nonwhite women. |
Good et al (2013)1818 Good MM, Korbly N, Kassis NC, et al; Society of Gynecologic Surgeons Fellows Pelvic Research Network. Prolapse-related knowledge and attitudes toward the uterus in women with pelvic organ prolapse symptoms. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013;209(05): 481.e1-481.e6. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.06.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.06.0...
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Selection: ✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸✸ |
POP's Knowledge |
Designed and no information if pilot-tested |
Prolapse-related knowledge is low in women seeking care for prolapse symptoms. |
Morhason-Bello et al (2012)1919 Morhason-Bello IO, Ojengbede OA, Adedokun BO, Okonkwo NS, Kolade C. Theories of urinary incontinence causation: aetiological descriptions by sub-Saharan Africanwomen. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012;162(01):109-112. Doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb. 2012.01.023 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI |
Designed and no information if pilot-tested |
There was a lower odd of awareness of the UI etiology among women less than 30 years, with lower level of education, from rural areas, with five or more children and without history of urine leakage. |
Kang (2009)2020 Kang Y. Knowledge and attitudes about urinary incontinence among community-dwelling Korean American women. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2009;36(02):194-199. Doi: 10.1097/01.WON.0000347662.33088.c9 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WON.000034766...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
IU; Knowledge |
Incontinence quiz |
Results suggest that Korean-American women are less knowledgeable and have more negative attitudes toward UI than the general population. |
Shah et al (2008)2121 Shah AD, Shott S, Kohli N, Wu JM, Catlin S, Hoyte L. Do racial differences in knowledge about urogynecologic issues exist? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2008;19(10):1371-1378. Doi: 10.1007/s00192-008-0639-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-008-0639-...
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Selection: ✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI; POP |
PIKQ |
Punctuation mean for white women was higher than non-white at UI scale (p =.019), but not at POP scale (p =.354). Regardless of race, both groups had a higher knowledge for UI than for POP. |
Wong et al (2006)2222 Wong T, Lau BY, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2006;17(06):593-597. Doi: 10.1007/s00192-006-0072-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-006-0072-...
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Selection: ✸✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI |
UDI-6/ IIQ-7 |
A total of 78.3% of the interviewed women did not know that UI is a disease, and 60.6% of them thought urine loss is a normal part of the aging process. |
Kim et al (2004)2323 Kim JS, Lee EH, Park HC. Urinary incontinence: prevalence and knowledge among community-dwelling Korean women aged 55 and over. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 2004;34(04):609-616. Doi: 10.4040/jkan.2004.34.4.609 https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.4.6...
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Selection: ✸✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸ |
UI's Knowledge |
Questions derived from BFLUTSQ and Incontinence Quiz |
More than 50% of respondents incorrectly agreed that “UI is the result of normal aging”. Only 20.9% knew that there were exercises that control urine leakage after strain. Older women who had sought treatment had higher mean score for UI-related knowledge. |
Kubik et al (2004)2424 Kubik K, Blackwell L, Heit M. Does socioeconomic status explain racial differences in urinary incontinence knowledge?AmJ Obstet Gynecol 2004;191(01):188-193. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.03.084 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.03.0...
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Selection: ✸✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸✸ |
UI's Knowledge; SES |
Incontinence Quiz |
White women scored better than minority women on the incontinence quiz. Socioeconomic status explains racial differences in total UI knowledge. |
Keller (1999)2525 Keller SL. Urinary incontinence: occurrence, knowledge, and attitudes among women aged 55 and older in a rural Midwestern setting. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 1999;26(01):30-38
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Selection: ✸✸✸✸Comparability: ✸Outcome: ✸ |
UI's Knowledge |
Incontinence Quiz |
Over half of the 117 respondents incorrectly indicated that incontinence is a normal result of advanced age, almost one third of the respondents incorrectly believed that most people become incontinent by the time they reach the age of 85. |