In recent years cardiac resynchronization therapy has been a well defined approach for patients with functional class III or IV heart failure (HF) who do not respond to optimized therapy. Studies have shown efficacy, but one well defined group of dilated heart diseases with large areas of fibrosis has not had the same success rates (30-40%). Hence, we decided to associate stem cell transplant in these patients. Since April 2005 we started to transplant stem cells in 25 patients (16 men) with NYHA III/IV HF with ejection fraction < 35% and ventricle dyssynchrony. Their ages varied between 30 and 80, (mean age 58) and 44% (11 patients) had a chagasic etiology. Resynchronization and stem cell therapy were performed via epicardial (12) or endocardial (13) approaches. Cell selection was by Ficoll filtration with a mean number of 3.0 x 108 cells infused: CD 34+ (5.0 x 106) and CD 133+ (2.5 x 106). In 24 months of evolution we noticed that 84.8% of these patients survived and mortality (15.2%) was not related to the procedure. The survival of pacemaker recipients (52.4%) was higher than another similar group that did not receive pacemaker implants and chagasic patients survived less than the ischemic and the idiopathic patients (42.4%, 55.6% and 77.2%, respectively). In spite of these initial differences, there was no statistical difference between these groups (log-rank test of P=0.218 and P= 0.626, respectively). In cases that resynchronization was performed in isolation, the results do not seem to be satisfactory so we chose to associate stem cell therapy as a safe and adequate alternative for patients with HF and dilated myocardiopathy.
Cardiac resynchronisation; stem cells; heart failure
