Technological intensity patterns and job polarization in Brazil's manufacturing industry

Rocha, Gabriella Rodrigues; Melo, Tatiana Massaroli de

doi:10.20396/rbi.v23i00.8674967

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Inovação

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ARTICLES • Rev. Bras. Inov. 23 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v23i00.8674967 copy

Technological intensity patterns and job polarization in Brazil's manufacturing industry

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Although studies on the innovation-employment nexus are longstanding in economics, current investigations are focused on the effects of digital technologies on the labor market. This paper examines how technological intensity affects job polarization in Brazil's manufacturing industry. Utilizing the technological standardization methodology by Galindo-Rueda and Verger (2016), data were grouped using the Fisher-Jenks algorithm at the two-digit sectoral level. To measure job polarization, the Routine Task Intensity Index (RTI) by Autor and Dorn (2013) was employed. A pattern of production concentration in sectors with lower innovation relative to value added can be observed. According to the RTI, employment in the industry sectors is polarized; however, the hypothesis that higher technological intensity leads to greater job polarization was not observed in some sectors of the Brazilian manufacturing industry.

KEYWORDS
Technological intensity; Intensity R&D; Job polarization; Manufacturing industry

Aggregation CNAE 2.0	Activities of the manufacturing industry	R&D/VA (%)	Technological intensity	R&D Share (%)	VA Share (%)
30	Manufacture of other transport equipment, except motor vehicles	19.17	High	11.35	1.83
26	Manufacture of computer, electronic, and optical products	10.51	Medium-high	8.91	2.62
21	Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical chemicals	7.05	Medium	52.81	34.66
29	Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, and bodies	5.36
20	Manufacture of chemicals	5.36
27	Manufacture of machinery, electrical equipment, and materials	4.09
19	Manufacture of coke, petroleum products, and biofuels	3.19
28	Manufacture of machinery and equipment	2.88	Medium-low	26.93	60.90
22	Manufacture of rubber and plastic products	2.67
12	Manufacture of tobacco products	2.55
23	Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	2.28
15	Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness, and footwear	2.07
32	Manufacture of other products	1.95
24	Metallurgy	1.69
31	Furniture manufacturing	1.59
25	Manufacture of metal products, except machinery and equipment	1.25
17	Manufacture of pulp, paper, and paper products	1.03
33	Maintenance, repair, and installation of machinery and equipment	1.01
10	Manufacture of food products	0.93
14	Manufacture of wearing apparel and accessories	0.61
16	Manufacture of wood products	0.60
18	Printing and reproduction of recorded media	0.54
13	Manufacture of textiles	0.41
11	Manufacture of beverages	0.41

Aggregation CNAE 2.0	Technological intensity	Tasks
		Abstract (%)		Manual (%)		Routine (%)
		2017	2021	2017	2021	2017	2021
30	High	24.1	23.5	49.5	45.9	26.4	30,6
26	Medium-high	30.4	30.0	18.6	19.4	51.1	50.6
21; 29; 20; 27; 19	Medium	21.9	22.0	39.2	40.6	39.0	37.4
28; 22; 12; 23; 15; 32; 24; 31; 25; 17; 33; 10; 14; 16; 18; 13; 11	Medium-low	12.6	12.3	34.2	35.8	53.2	51.9

Education Level	Tasks
	Abstract (%)		Manual (%)		Routine (%)
	2017	2021	2017	2021	2017	2021
Illiterate or Incomplete Elementary Education	2.21	1.72	19.43	16.03	13.23	11.17
Completed Elementary Education	6.21	5.22	22.18	20.67	21.27	18.62
Completed High School	45.38	48.74	55.97	61.31	58.46	63.41
Completed Higher Education	46.20	44.32	2.42	1.99	7.03	6.79
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

Wage Ranges	Tasks
	Abstract (%)		Manual (%)		Routine (%)
	2017	2021	2017	2021	2017	2021
0,5 a 1 MW	0.93	2.56	3.75	10.98	4.03	10.67
1,01 a 2 MW	19.63	22.45	56.66	57.03	61.58	58.43
2,01 a 5 MW	40.43	43.21	34.85	28.73	28.63	26.52
5,01 a 10 SM	22.66	20.34	4.09	2.91	4.38	3.52
≥ 10,01 MW	16.36	11.43	0.65	0.35	1.39	0.86
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

Manufacturing industry activities	Technological intensity	Medium RTI
Manufacturing industry activities	Technological intensity	2017	2021
Manufacture of food products	Medium-low	-12.04	-12.19
Maintenance, repair, and installation of machinery and equipment	Medium-low	-11.64	-11.77
Manufacture of metal products, except machinery and equipment	Medium-low	-11.59	-11.65
Manufacture of coke, petroleum products, and biofuels	Medium	-11.5	-11.61
Manufacture of machinery and equipment	Medium-low	-11.53	-11.61
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-trailers	Medium	-11.46	-11.55
Manufacture of chemical products	Medium	-10.94	-10.98
Manufacture of rubber and plastic articles	Medium-low	-10.72	-10.85
Metallurgy	Medium-low	-10.71	-10.83
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	Medium-low	-10.6	-10.67
Manufacture of machinery, appliances, and electrical equipment	Medium	-10.28	-10.52
Manufacture of pulp, paper, and paper products	Medium-low	-10.01	-10.3
Manufacture of other transport equipment, except motor vehicles	High	-10.58	-10.27
Manufacture of various products	Medium-low	-9.97	-10.1
Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical chemicals	Medium	-9.82	-10.05
Manufacture of beverages	Medium-low	-9.85	-9.95
Manufacture of computer, electronic, and optical products	Medium-high	-9.7	-9.74
Manufacture of wood products	Medium-low	-9.38	-9.58
Manufacture of furniture	Medium-low	-9.27	-9.43
Manufacture of textiles	Medium-low	-9.33	-9.41
Manufacture of wearing apparel and accessories	Medium-low	-8.79	-8.8
Printing and reproduction of recorded media	Medium-low	-8.52	-8.56
Preparation of leather and manufacture of leather goods, travel accessories, and footwear	Medium-low	-7.9	-8.04
Manufacture of tobacco products	Medium-low	-6.51	-6.31

Universidade Estadual de Campinas Rua: Carlos Gomes, 250. Bairro Cidade Universitária, Cep: 13083-855 , Campinas - SP / Brasil , Tel: +55 (19) 3521-5176 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rbi@unicamp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Conflict of interest: the authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.