Development of a Positive Voice Onset Time Pattern by Brazilian Speakers of English as a Second Language: a Longitudinal Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Schereschewsky, Laura Castilhos; Alves, Ubiratã Kickhöfel

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Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada

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Articles • Rev. bras. linguist. apl. 22 (2) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398202217902 copy

Development of a Positive Voice Onset Time Pattern by Brazilian Speakers of English as a Second Language: a Longitudinal Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study investigates additional language development in five plurilingual speakers of English as a second language (L2) during the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent social distancing. From the perspective of language as a Complex Dynamic System (DE BOT; LOWIE; VERSPOOR, 2007DE BOT, K.; LOWIE, W.; VERSPOOR, M. A Dynamic Systems Theory approach to second language acquisition. Bilingualism: Language & Cognition, Cambridge, v. 10, n. 1, p. 7-21, 2007.; LARSEN-FREEMAN; CAMERON, 2008LARSEN-FREEMAN, D.; CAMERON, L. Complex systems and applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.; VERSPOOR; DE BOT; LOWIE, 2011VERSPOOR, M.; de BOT, K.; LOWIE, W. (Ed.). A dynamic approach to second language development: methods and techniques. Amsterdam: John Benjamins , 2011.), this longitudinal study analyzes the development of a positive Voice Onset Time pattern among participants throughout 12 weeks, including a six-session intervention of explicit instruction of English phonetic-phonological aspects. From Monte Carlo Simulations (VAN DIJK; VERSPOOR; LOWIE, 2011Van DIJK, M.; VERSPOOR, M.; LOWIE, W. Variability and DST. In: VERSPOOR, M.; de BOT, K.; LOWIE, W. (Ed.). A dynamic approach to second language development: methods and techniques. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. p. 55-84.), our quantitative analysis showed positive peaks of performance, indicating the role of variability in learning and developing new language patterns. The qualitative results regarding the online intervention likewise contributed to both language teaching and remote empirical-experimental research studies.

KEYWORDS:
complex dynamic systems; Monte Carlo simulations; remote language teaching; Voice Onset Time

Coleta /p/ ing	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Part#1	25,07	26,95	25,43	26,64	25,77	35,24	28,12	31,62	41,90	38,31	60,39	65,54
Part#2	38,35	43,38	40,88	93,25	54,59	53,06	76,61	49,34	95,44	86,43	83,61	59,64
Part#3	45,99	50,12	37,99	80,19	69,71	68,71	90,33	90,67	112,28	96,43	84,96	81,47
Part#4	32,02	35,05	28,69	73,44	64,07	72,93	97,73	76,03	98,31	104,11	112,40	129,81
Part#5	53,51	51,11	59,04	103,14	94,84	104,79	96,39	102,73	89,45	92,65	91,15	83,60

Coleta /t/ ing	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Part#1	52,53	50,23	54,15	48,21	42,95	41,73	40,17	50,64	61,25	61,96	86,47	86,89
Part#2	61,21	58,12	78,93	134,83	113,04	126,67	123,08	125,35	145,09	141,04	158,78	138,81
Part#3	67,85	56,98	55,45	115,00	92,26	112,64	131,45	123,95	132,00	120,18	115,83	113,40
Part#4	42,30	56,50	41,26	78,05	74,56	72,01	88,29	64,19	77,88	78,83	100,36	111,39
Part#5	62,65	57,42	67,15	116,38	100,39	103,16	109,90	117,88	93,56	99,97	86,34	73,80

Coleta /k/ ing	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Part#1	66,88	65,12	62,07	64,33	57,50	56,34	60,24	69,30	80,03	71,45	99,19	95,66
Part#2	79,02	74,23	86,39	136,76	147,95	127,44	131,23	126,14	141,27	145,51	152,71	121,17
Part#3	85,77	81,28	78,51	127,14	101,51	96,66	123,15	127,05	152,86	141,89	124,68	121,77
Part#4	70,54	75,36	62,54	126,66	118,36	124,04	157,35	119,51	132,22	147,79	147,83	169,14
Part#5	75,25	83,72	89,22	119,38	113,45	120,96	116,73	118,27	109,40	115,84	102,79	99,82

Momento Temporal	Natureza do Pico	Consoante	Valor de p
Entre 7;8 e 11;12	Máximo (detrended)	/p/	0,0186
Entre 6;7 e 11;12	Máximo (detrended)	/t/	0,0148
Entre 6;7 e 11;12	Máximo (detrended)	/k/	0,0299

Momento Temporal	Natureza do Pico	Consoante	Valor de p
Entre 1;2 e 4;5	Máximo	/k/	0,0964

Momento Temporal	Natureza do Pico	Consoante	Valor de p
Entre 2;3 e 7;8	Máximo	/t/	0,0293

Momento Temporal	Natureza do Pico	Consoante	Valor de p
Entre 1;2 e 6;7	Máximo	/p/	0,0577
Entre 2;3 e 7;8	Máximo	/t/	0,0525
Entre 1;2 e 6;7	Máximo	/k/	0,046

Faculdade de Letras - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Faculdade de Letras, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 4º. Andar/4036, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte/ MG/ Brasil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-6044, Fax: (55 31) 3409-5120 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rblasecretaria@gmail.com

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[1] Contribuição dos autores

Os autores declaram que a primeira autora conduziu o experimento reportado neste artigo e redigiu parcialmente o corpo do texto. O segundo autor conduziu as análises inferenciais e redigiu parcialmente o corpo do texto. Seções objetivas, como resumo e considerações finais, foram redigidas pelos dois autores.