DOES PHOTOBIOMODULATION IMPROVE MUSCLE PERFORMANCE AND RECOVERY? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Oliveira, Ana Flávia Spadaccini Silva de; Silva, Jéssica Lúcio da; Camillo, Carlos Augusto Marcal; Andraus, Rodrigo Antonio Carvalho; Maia, Luciana Prado

doi:10.1590/1517-8692202329012021_0412

Ana Flávia Spadaccini Silva de Oliveira

(Physiotherapist)

Universidade Pitágoras-UNOPAR, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-9282

Jéssica Lúcio da Silva

(Physiotherapist)

Universidade Pitágoras-UNOPAR, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-5379

Carlos Augusto Marcal Camillo

(Physiotherapist)

Universidade Pitágoras-UNOPAR, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-8573

Rodrigo Antonio Carvalho Andraus

(Physiotherapist)

Universidade Pitágoras-UNOPAR, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-0872

Luciana Prado Maia Correspondence: Luciana Prado Maia, University Pitágoras Unopar, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Culture. Av. Paris, 675. Jd. Pizza, Londrina, PR, Brazil. 86041-140 lucianapmaia@gmail.com

(Dental Surgeon)

Universidade Pitágoras-UNOPAR, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-2587

Correspondence: Luciana Prado Maia, University Pitágoras Unopar, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Culture. Av. Paris, 675. Jd. Pizza, Londrina, PR, Brazil. 86041-140 lucianapmaia@gmail.com

All authors declare no potential conflict of interest related to this article

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS:

Each author made significant individual contributions to this manuscript. GARCF: writing, review, and elaboration of the research project; GGA, AFY, and MC: intellectual concept, review, and approval of the final version; BE and CVA: intellectual concept, review, and approval of the final version.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	Score
Antonialli et al.⁹9 Antonialli FC, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Phototherapy in skeletal muscle performance and recovery after exercise: effect of combination of super-pulsed laser and light-emitting diodes. Lasers Med Sci . 2014;29(6):1967-1976. doi:10.1007/s10103-014-1611-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-014-1611-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
Almeida et al.¹⁵15 Almeida P De, Lopes-martins RÁB, Marchi T De, et al. Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: what is better? Lasers Med Sci . 2012;27(2):453-458. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0957-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0957-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	N	N	8/10
Dellagrana et al.⁷7 Dellagrana RA, Rossato M, Sakugawa RL, Lazzari CD, Baroni BM, Diefenthaeler F. Dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuromuscular economy during submaximal running. Lasers Med Sci . 2018;33(2):329-336. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2378-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2378-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
De Marchi et al.¹⁰10 Marchi T De, Cesar E, Leal P, Lopes-martins RÁB, Salvador M. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running : effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress. Lasers Med Sci. 2012:231-236. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0955-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0955-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
De Marchi et al.¹1 De Marchi T, Schmitt VM, Machado GP, et al. Does photobiomodulation therapy is better than cryotherapy in muscle recovery after a high-intensity exercise? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci . 2017;32(2):429-437. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-2139-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-2139-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
De Marchi et al.¹¹11 Marchi T De, Leal-junior ECP, Lando KC, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy before futsal matches improves the staying time of athletes in the court and accelerates post-exercise recovery. Lasers Med Sci . 2019 Feb;34(1):139-148. doi: 10.1007/s10103-018-2643-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2643-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
De Godoy et al.²2 De Godoy CHL, Motta LJ, Steagall Júnior W, et al. Effect of Phototherapy on Masseter and Anterior Temporal Muscles before Induction of Fatigue: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blind Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2018;36(7):370-376. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4396 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4396...	S	S	S	S	S	N	N	S	S	N	S	7/10
Larkin-Kaiser et al.¹⁴14 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Christou E, Tillman M, George S, Borsa PA. Near-infrared light therapy to attenuate strength loss after strenuous resistance exercise. J Athl Train . 2015;50(1):45-50. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.82 https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.8...	S	S	S	S	S	N	N	S	S	N	S	7/10
Larkin-Kaiser et al.⁵5 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Borsa PA, Baweja HS, et al. Photobiomodulation delays the onset of skeletal muscle fatigue in a dose-dependent manner. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(7):1325-1332. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1979-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1979-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	N	S	S	N	S	8/10
Miranda et al.¹³13 Miranda EF, Tomazoni SS, Roberto P, et al. When is the best moment to apply photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) when associated to a treadmill endurance-training program? A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2018 May;33(4):719-727. doi: 10.1007/s10103-017-2396-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2396-...	S	N	N	S	S	S	N	S	S	N	N	5/10
Oliveira et al.³3 De Oliveira AR, Vanin AA, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Photobiomodulation Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans: What Is the Optimal Power Output? Photomed Laser Surg . 2017;35(11):595-603. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4343 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4343...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	N	N	S	S	8/10
Pinto et al.⁴4 Pinto HD, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, et al. Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Performance and Accelerates Recovery of High-Level Rugby Players in Field Test: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. J Strength Cond Res . 2016;30(12):3329-3338. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001439 https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.000000000000...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	N	S	9/10
Vanin et al.⁶6 Vanin AA, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Low-Level Laser Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans, What Is the Optimal Dose? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2016;34(10):473-482. doi:10.1089/pho.2015.3992 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2015.3992...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
Zagatto et al.¹²12 Zagatto AM, de Paula Ramos S, Nakamura FY, de Lira FS, Lopes-Martins RÁB, de Paiva Carvalho RL. Effects of low-level laser therapy on performance, inflammatory markers, and muscle damage in young water polo athletes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(3):511-521. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1875-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1875-...	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10
	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	10/10

	N	Gender	Trained/Untrained	Characteristics of the sample
Antonialli et al.⁹9 Antonialli FC, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Phototherapy in skeletal muscle performance and recovery after exercise: effect of combination of super-pulsed laser and light-emitting diodes. Lasers Med Sci . 2014;29(6):1967-1976. doi:10.1007/s10103-014-1611-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-014-1611-...	40	Male	Untrained	24.10 ± 1.52 years, 171,44 ± 6,22 cm, 67,05 ± 5,38 kg
Almeida et al.¹⁵15 Almeida P De, Lopes-martins RÁB, Marchi T De, et al. Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: what is better? Lasers Med Sci . 2012;27(2):453-458. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0957-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0957-...	10	Male	Untrained	19 to 27 yeas
Dellagrana et al.⁷7 Dellagrana RA, Rossato M, Sakugawa RL, Lazzari CD, Baroni BM, Diefenthaeler F. Dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuromuscular economy during submaximal running. Lasers Med Sci . 2018;33(2):329-336. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2378-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2378-...	18	Male	Runners	20,7 ± 4,7 years, 178,8 ± 5,5 cm, 76,2 ± 7,2 kg
De Marchi et al.¹⁰10 Marchi T De, Cesar E, Leal P, Lopes-martins RÁB, Salvador M. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running : effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress. Lasers Med Sci. 2012:231-236. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0955-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0955-...	22	Male	Untrained	20 to 25 years.
De Marchi et al.¹1 De Marchi T, Schmitt VM, Machado GP, et al. Does photobiomodulation therapy is better than cryotherapy in muscle recovery after a high-intensity exercise? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci . 2017;32(2):429-437. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-2139-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-2139-...	40	Male	Active	19 to 29 years.
De Marchi et al.¹¹11 Marchi T De, Leal-junior ECP, Lando KC, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy before futsal matches improves the staying time of athletes in the court and accelerates post-exercise recovery. Lasers Med Sci . 2019 Feb;34(1):139-148. doi: 10.1007/s10103-018-2643-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2643-...	6	Male	Football players	18 a 35 years.
De Godoy et al.²2 De Godoy CHL, Motta LJ, Steagall Júnior W, et al. Effect of Phototherapy on Masseter and Anterior Temporal Muscles before Induction of Fatigue: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blind Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2018;36(7):370-376. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4396 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4396...	52	Male and Female	-	18 to 23 years.
Larkin-Kaiser et al.¹⁴14 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Christou E, Tillman M, George S, Borsa PA. Near-infrared light therapy to attenuate strength loss after strenuous resistance exercise. J Athl Train . 2015;50(1):45-50. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.82 https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.8...	39	Male and Female	Active	20,0 ± 0,2 years, 169 ± 2,0 cm, 68,4 ± 1,8 kg
Larkin-Kaiser et al.⁵5 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Borsa PA, Baweja HS, et al. Photobiomodulation delays the onset of skeletal muscle fatigue in a dose-dependent manner. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(7):1325-1332. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1979-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1979-...	9	Male and Female	-	24,3 ± 4,97 years, 171 ± 7,78 cm, 71,2 ± 11,6 kg
Miranda et al.¹³13 Miranda EF, Tomazoni SS, Roberto P, et al. When is the best moment to apply photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) when associated to a treadmill endurance-training program? A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2018 May;33(4):719-727. doi: 10.1007/s10103-017-2396-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2396-...	96	Male and Female	Untrained	18 to 35 years
Oliveira et al.³3 De Oliveira AR, Vanin AA, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Photobiomodulation Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans: What Is the Optimal Power Output? Photomed Laser Surg . 2017;35(11):595-603. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4343 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4343...	28	Male	Football players	18 to 35 years
Pinto et al.⁴4 Pinto HD, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, et al. Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Performance and Accelerates Recovery of High-Level Rugby Players in Field Test: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. J Strength Cond Res . 2016;30(12):3329-3338. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001439 https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.000000000000...	20	Male	Rugby players	23,50 ± 2,32 years, 178 ± 4,79 cm, 86,00 ± 7,63 kg
Vanin et al.⁶6 Vanin AA, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Low-Level Laser Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans, What Is the Optimal Dose? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2016;34(10):473-482. doi:10.1089/pho.2015.3992 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2015.3992...	28	Male	Football players	18,81 ± 0,80 years, 172,94 ± 4,78 cm, 63,58 ± 4,46 kg
Zagatto et al.¹²12 Zagatto AM, de Paula Ramos S, Nakamura FY, de Lira FS, Lopes-Martins RÁB, de Paiva Carvalho RL. Effects of low-level laser therapy on performance, inflammatory markers, and muscle damage in young water polo athletes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(3):511-521. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1875-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1875-...	20	Male	Water Polo players	15,4 ± 1,2 years, 173,9 ± 5,9 cm, 68,3 ± 10,5 kg

	Kind of the laser	Wavelength (nm)	Energy density (J)	Time of application (s)	Power density (w)	Application Protocol	Application Site	Results
Antonialli et al .⁹9 Antonialli FC, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Phototherapy in skeletal muscle performance and recovery after exercise: effect of combination of super-pulsed laser and light-emitting diodes. Lasers Med Sci . 2014;29(6):1967-1976. doi:10.1007/s10103-014-1611-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-014-1611-...	MR4 LaserShower 50 4D emitter (Multi Radiance Medical): Cluster de 12 diodos	640, 875, 905	10, 30, 50	76, 228, 381	0,07, 16,66, 19,44	One application 3 minutes before exercise protocol.	6 sites of quadriceps.	↑ Maximum voluntary contraction with 10 and 30 J. ↓ CK activity except for only the 50J dose in 96 hours.
Almeida et al .¹⁵15 Almeida P De, Lopes-martins RÁB, Marchi T De, et al. Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: what is better? Lasers Med Sci . 2012;27(2):453-458. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0957-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0957-...	Thera Lase (DMC)	660, 830	5	100	17,85	Tree applications with seven days between them, 3 minutes before fatigue exercise.	4 sites of biceps brachii.	↑ Average peak strength after red (12.14%) and infrared (14.49%).
Dellagrana et al. ⁷7 Dellagrana RA, Rossato M, Sakugawa RL, Lazzari CD, Baroni BM, Diefenthaeler F. Dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuromuscular economy during submaximal running. Lasers Med Sci . 2018;33(2):329-336. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2378-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2378-...	Chatanooga Intelect Mobile Laser 2779 system	670, 850, 880, 950	15, 30, 60	64		Four applications, being one placebo, with 7 days between them, before strength and run tests.	14 sites of lower limbs (8 quadriceps, 4 hamstrings, 2 gastrocnemius)	↔ Peak torque during maximum voluntary isometric contraction. The 15 J dose showed beneficial effects on the neuromuscular economy during the 8km and 9km run. The doses 30 and 60 J showed benefits only in the 9 km h run.
De Marchi et al .¹⁰10 Marchi T De, Cesar E, Leal P, Lopes-martins RÁB, Salvador M. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running : effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress. Lasers Med Sci. 2012:231-236. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0955-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0955-...	Multi-Diodo Cluster 5 diodos	810	30	30	5,495	One application, 5 minutes before the run test.	12 sites of lower limbs (6 quadriceps, 4 hamstrings, 2 gastrocnemius)	↑ total time to reach exhaustion and ↑ oxygen consumption by pre-exercise irradiation. ↓ Lipid (TBARS), SOD and CK activity.
De Marchi et al. ¹1 De Marchi T, Schmitt VM, Machado GP, et al. Does photobiomodulation therapy is better than cryotherapy in muscle recovery after a high-intensity exercise? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci . 2017;32(2):429-437. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-2139-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-2139-...	Cluster (34 LED vermelho e 35 LED infravermelho)	660, 850	41,7	30	0,05 and 0,15	One application 2 minutes after maximum voluntary contraction.	Muscular womb of biceps brachii.	↑ isometric capacity ↓ oxidative stress (TBARS and PC) and CK
De Marchi et al .¹¹11 Marchi T De, Leal-junior ECP, Lando KC, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy before futsal matches improves the staying time of athletes in the court and accelerates post-exercise recovery. Lasers Med Sci . 2019 Feb;34(1):139-148. doi: 10.1007/s10103-018-2643-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2643-...	Cluster (4 super-pulsed infrared)	905	30	228	19,44	One application 40 minutes before exercise.	9 different knee extensor and hip flexor muscle locations, 6 knee flexor muscles and hip extensor muscle locations, and 2 plantar flexor muscles.	↑ time on the pitch ↔ distance covered by the athlete on the pitch ↓ of CK 18,41% in 48 h
De Godoy et al .²2 De Godoy CHL, Motta LJ, Steagall Júnior W, et al. Effect of Phototherapy on Masseter and Anterior Temporal Muscles before Induction of Fatigue: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blind Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2018;36(7):370-376. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4396 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4396...	Twin Flex Evolution (MM Optics)	780	25	20	1,25		3 sites of masseter and anterior temporal.	↔
Larkin-Kaiser et al .¹⁴14 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Christou E, Tillman M, George S, Borsa PA. Near-infrared light therapy to attenuate strength loss after strenuous resistance exercise. J Athl Train . 2015;50(1):45-50. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.82 https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.8...	K-Laser (near-infrared laser)	800, 970	360	240	3	One application, before resistance protocol.	15 sites of biceps brachii.	↔
Larkin-Kaiser et al .⁵5 Larkin-Kaiser KA, Borsa PA, Baweja HS, et al. Photobiomodulation delays the onset of skeletal muscle fatigue in a dose-dependent manner. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(7):1325-1332. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1979-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1979-...	Lite Cure (near-infrared laser)	810, 980	240, 480	120	1,16, 2,33	One application of each dose with 48 hours between them, before fatigue protocol.	-	↑ the time to achieve fatigue
Miranda et al .¹³13 Miranda EF, Tomazoni SS, Roberto P, et al. When is the best moment to apply photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) when associated to a treadmill endurance-training program? A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2018 May;33(4):719-727. doi: 10.1007/s10103-017-2396-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2396-...	MR4 Laser Therapy Sistens Cluster 12 diodes	640, 875, 905	30	228	0,71	One application 5 to 10 minutes before and after aerobic test.	9 sites of quadriceps, 6 sites of hamstring and 2 of the gastrocnemius.	↑ percentage of oxygen consumption and time to exhaustion
Oliveira et al .³3 De Oliveira AR, Vanin AA, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Photobiomodulation Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans: What Is the Optimal Power Output? Photomed Laser Surg . 2017;35(11):595-603. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4343 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2017.4343...	Cluster 5 diodes	810	10	100, 50, 25 e 60	100, 200, 400 e 0	The application was 2 minutes before exercise and 3 minutes after exercise.	6 sites of quadriceps of non-dominant lower limb.	↓ LDH and CK at 24, 48.72 and 96 hours after the protocol. ↓ LDG and CK at 200mW and 400mW. ↔ inflammatory markers and oxidative stress.
Pinto et al .⁴4 Pinto HD, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, et al. Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Performance and Accelerates Recovery of High-Level Rugby Players in Field Test: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. J Strength Cond Res . 2016;30(12):3329-3338. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001439 https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.000000000000...	MR4 Laser Therapy Systems - Cluster com 12 diodes (Multi raiance Medical)	905, 875 e 640	30	228	0,3125, 15 e 17,5	One application before exercise protocol.	9 sites of quadriceps, 6 sites of hamstrings and 2 sites of the gastrocnemius.	↑ Average sprint time and fatigue index. ↓ Blood lactate levels and fatigue markers.
Vanin et al. ⁶6 Vanin AA, De Marchi T, Tomazoni SS, et al. Pre-Exercise Infrared Low-Level Laser Therapy (810 nm) in Skeletal Muscle Performance and Postexercise Recovery in Humans, What Is the Optimal Dose? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg . 2016;34(10):473-482. doi:10.1089/pho.2015.3992 https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2015.3992...	Thor Photomedicine - Cluster 5 diodes	810	10, 30, 50	60, 180, 300	5,495	Two minutes before maximum voluntary contraction test.	6 sites of quadriceps.	↑ Maximum voluntary contraction after exercise for up to 24 hours with 50J dose and after 24 to 96 hours with 10J dose. ↓ CK and IL6 at 10J and 50J ↔ J 30J.
Zagatto et al .¹²12 Zagatto AM, de Paula Ramos S, Nakamura FY, de Lira FS, Lopes-Martins RÁB, de Paiva Carvalho RL. Effects of low-level laser therapy on performance, inflammatory markers, and muscle damage in young water polo athletes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci . 2016;31(3):511-521. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1875-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1875-...	Laser infravermelho (DMC)	810	48	30	3,57	Six applications, 5 to 40 minutes after each training session.	8 sites of adductor longus.	↔ 200-meter shot ↑ 30-second performance after 48 hours. ↓ CK

[1] Correspondence: Luciana Prado Maia, University Pitágoras Unopar, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Culture. Av. Paris, 675. Jd. Pizza, Londrina, PR, Brazil. 86041-140 lucianapmaia@gmail.com

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DOES PHOTOBIOMODULATION IMPROVE MUSCLE PERFORMANCE AND RECOVERY? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

¿LA FOTOBIOMODULACIÓN MEJORA EL DESEMPEÑO Y LA RECUPERACIÓN MUSCULAR? UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

ABSTRACT