RESISTANCE TRAINING IMPROVES THE BLOOD PRESSURE AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF INDIVIDUALS WITH T2DM

Gonela, Jefferson Thiago; Castro, Vanilde de; Zanetti, Maria Lúcia

doi:10.1590/1517-869220202601176504

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Original Article, Training • Rev Bras Med Esporte 26 (1) • Jan-Feb 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202601176504 linkcopy

RESISTANCE TRAINING IMPROVES THE BLOOD PRESSURE AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF INDIVIDUALS WITH T2DM

TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO MELHORA A PRESSÃO ARTERIAL E O DESEMPENHO FUNCIONAL DE PESSOAS COM DM2

ENTRENAMIENTO RESISTIDO MEJORA LA PRESIÓN ARTERIAL Y EL DESEMPEÑO FUNCIONAL DE LAS PERSONAS CON DM2

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Studies presenting the benefits in people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) undergoing resistance training with one exercise for each muscle group, with three sets at the same intensity.

Objective: To compare functional capacity and blood pressure before and after weight training.

Methods: Twenty-three patients participated in a weight training program. Maximum strength and functional assessment tests were performed for the lower and upper limbs. The intervention time was 16 weeks, 12 of which consisted of training and four of evaluations. There was an increase in volume with the number of exercises and an increase in intensity with incremental weights.

Results: There was significant improvement in most of the functional tests. In the 5x sit-to-stand test in the pre-training period, nine patients recorded times greater than 13.6 seconds. In the post-training period, four maintained the above time, but two reduced the time from 16.1 and 19.6 to 13.9 seconds. In the maximum load strength test there are a significant increase in both upper and lower limbs with 20.8% and 23.4%, respectively. After the training period, there was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure both at rest and after exercise.

Conclusion: The weight training program improved muscle strength, functional capacity and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Level of evidence IV; Therapeutic study - Investigation of treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2; Exercise; Resistance training; Postural balance; Arterial pressure; Hypertension

	Pre – Training Mean (SD)	Post – Training Mean (SD)	Difference %	Evaluation
Walking
10 meters usual speed (seconds)	11.1 (2.0)	9.7 (1.8)^* * p < 0.05.	13.0^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
10 meters maximum speed (seconds)	7.7 (1.7)	6.9 (1.3)^* * p < 0.05.	10.6^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
800 meters (seconds) ⁺ + n = 22 participants	674.2 (87.5)	623.1 (104.3)^* * p < 0.05.	7.6^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Balance (seconds)
Unipedal stance– eyes open (seconds) ⁺ + n = 22 participants	18.6 (11.3)	15.3 (11.5)^* * p < 0.05.	17.5^* * p < 0.05.	Decreased
Unipedal stance – eyes closed (seconds) ⁺ + n = 22 participants	4.7 (3.2)	5.3 (5.6)	13.0	_
Tandem stance (seconds)	26.3 (8.4)	29.0 (5.0)^* * p < 0.05.	10.3^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Sitting and getting around (seconds)	60.3 (12.5)	50.7 (9.8)^* * p < 0.05.	15.9^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Getting up from the ground (seconds) ⁺⁺ ++ n = 20 participants,	9.8 (6.3)	7.6 (4.0)^* * p < 0.05.	21.5^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Getting up from the chair 5 times (seconds)	13.6 (2.1)	11.2 (1.9)^* * p < 0.05.	18.2^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Climbing ladder (seconds)	18.0 (9.5)	12.0 (6.8)^* * p < 0.05.	33.4^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Manual skills (seconds)	14.3 (4.7)	11.7 (3.7)^* * p < 0.05.	18.3^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Putting on socks (seconds)	10.5 (7.3)	9.7 (5.2)	7.3	_
Climbing steps (cm)	64.1 (11.7)	67.8 (8.0)^* * p < 0.05.	5.1^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Maximum load test (Kg)⁺⁺⁺ +++ BRZYCKI, 1993
Upper limbs	12.0 (4.8)	14.5 (5.1)^* * p < 0.05.	20.8^* * p < 0.05.	Improved
Lower limbs	65.2 (16.9)	80.4 (19.4)^* * p < 0.05.	23.4^* * p < 0.05.	Improved

	Pre–Training				Post–Training
	SBP	DBP	HR₁	HR₂	SBP	DBP	HR₁	HR₂
At rest	136.0 (16.0)	75.9 (10.58)	84.3 (16.1)	-	129.0^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (14.0)	71.7^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (10.5)	82.2 (16.6)	-
10m walk
Usual speed	-	-	89.9 (18.7)	92.4 (19.5)	-	-	86.0 (14.9)	90.1 (17.6)
Maximum speed	141.6 (19.9)	75.9 (12.5)	85.7 (19.0)	95.4 (18.5)	131.3^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (14.59)	73.7 (9.6)	86.8 (19.3)	96.2 (21.4)
Sitting and getting around	145.4 (18.0)	78.4 (13.9)	83.3 (17.6)	100.9 (17.6)	135.6^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (16.5)	71.0^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (13.1)	84.3 (18.0)	106.3 (21.8)
Getting up from the floor ⁺ + n = 20 participants;	140.8 (21.1)	76.6 (13.3)	85.9 (18.1)	96.1 (19.5)	130.1^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (19.4)	71.7^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (12.7)	83.6 (19.2)	93.6 (17.4)
Getting up from the chair − 5 times	138.6 (22.1)	74.6 (12.1)	84.4 (17.6)	96.1 (18.5)	131.1^* * mean BP (mmHg) with significant difference, for measurements performed during the physical tests, before and after 37 training sessions. (17.5)	73.6 (10.2)	83.0 (16.8)	93.8 (16.3)

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[TFN1] ⁺
n = 22 participants

[TFN2] ⁺⁺
n = 20 participants,

[TFN3] ⁺⁺⁺
BRZYCKI, 1993

[TFN4] ^*
p < 0.05.