Intra and inter examiner reliability and measurement error of goniometer and digital inclinometer useINTRODUCTION: Articular range of motion (ROM) is one of the important components measured during physical assessment. Goniometry is employed to measure and to register ROM available in a joint; however, it is necessary that it supplies reliable and standardized measures. OBJECTIVES: To verify the inter and intra-examiners reliability of the measures performed by the goniometer and inclinometer in the knee and elbow flexion and extension ROM and to determine the standard error of measurement (SEM) of the instruments in question. METHODS: The knee and elbow flexion and extension ROM was evaluated in a sample of healthy young males aged between 18-30 years, using a digital inclinometer and a universal goniometer. RESULTS: The interexaminer reliability ranged from small to very high for both instruments presenting ICC of 0.24 to 0.96 for the measures performed with the goniometer and of 0.02 to 0.98 for the inclinometer. The only movement which presented very high reliability for both products and examiners was the knee flexion. The SEM performed with the goniometry and the inclinometry ranged between 0.21 and 12.75 degrees. CONCLUSION: The present study presented higher reliability for ROM measures obtained with the digital inclinometer when compared with the goniometer. Only four measurements were considered appropriate to be clinically used: those which obtained high ICC and SEM below two degrees, all of these were made with the inclinometer.
test reproducibility; goniometry; range of motion
