Observações Meteorológicas do Fenômeno Vento Norte na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Durante a estação fria, episódios de uma ventania conhecida como Vento Norte (VNOR) são frequentes na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). O fenômeno é caracterizado por intensas rajadas de vento de direção norte, acompanhadas de um aumento abrupto de temperatura e acentuado secamento. O estudo aponta que uma metodologia, baseada nas observações do desvio padrão de temperatura, permite identificar o início e término do fenômeno. Adicionalmente, o estudo mostra resultados de diferentes variáveis micrometeorológicas durante a ocorrência do evento. Perfis atmosféricos de início da manhã e de início da noite exibem uma camada mistura elevada sobre o centro do RS em associação com os fortes ventos do VNOR, indicando a presença de mistura turbulenta forçada mecanicamente durante o período noturno.

Palavras-chave
Vento Norte; turbulência; ventania

Autoria

Cinara Ewerling da Rosa Corresponding author: Cinara Ewerling da Rosa, cinara.rosa@iffarroupilha.edu.br.

Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Farroupilha, São Vicente do Sul, RS, Brasil.Instituto Federal FarroupilhaBrasilSão Vicente do Sul, RS, BrasilInstituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Farroupilha, São Vicente do Sul, RS, Brasil.

Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilSanta Maria, RS, BrasilDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9077-5031

Michel Stefanello

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6380-3252

Ernani de Lima Nascimento

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-8177

Fábio Diniz Rossi

Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Alegrete, Alegrete, RS, Brasil.Instituto Federal FarroupilhaBrasilAlegrete, RS, BrasilInstituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Alegrete, Alegrete, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1024

Debora Regina Roberti

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-0952

Gervásio Annes Degrazia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-1748

Corresponding author: Cinara Ewerling da Rosa, cinara.rosa@iffarroupilha.edu.br.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Alegrete, Alegrete, RS, Brasil.Instituto Federal FarroupilhaBrasilAlegrete, RS, BrasilInstituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Alegrete, Alegrete, RS, Brasil.

Figuras

Figuras (7)

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Figure 1
Micrometeorological tower installed at the Santa Maria experimental site. Photography: personal collection of researcher Michel Stefanello (2017).

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Figure 2
Average time series of 5 min for the VNOR event, from 19 to 20 July 2018. (a) average wind speed, (b) temperature and 90th percentile [gray], and (c) wind direction.

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Figure 3
Compass rose for an extended event of VNOR, from 08:50 LST from July 19, 2018 to 07:25 LST from July 20, 2018.

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Figure 4
Average time series of 5 min for the prolonged VNOR event in the city of Santa Maria/RS, during the period from 19 to 20 July 2018. (a) variance of the vertical component of the wind, (b) standard deviation of the temperature, (c) turbulent kinetic energy, (d) friction velocity, (e) sensible heat flux.

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Figure 5
The initial and final path of VNOR event about horizontal wind and temperature components.

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Figure 6
Skew-T diagrams of atmospheric soundings from SBSM at (a) 21:00 LST on July 18, 2018 and (b) 09:00 LST on July 19, 2018. The profile of air temperature [dew point temperature] is indicated by the red [green] line; barbs indicate the wind in m.s⁻¹. The environmental lapse rate for the most unstable layer is also reported (in °C.km⁻¹), as well as the temperature advection inferred from the vertical wind shear for five consecutive layers of 100 hPa depth from surface to 500 hPa, in °C.day⁻¹ (rectangles in the lower right corner of the diagrams)

Thumbnail

Figure 7
Skew-T diagrams of atmospheric soundings from SBSM at (a) 21:00 LST on July 19, 2018 and (b) 9:00 LST on July 20, 2018. The profile of air temperature [dew point temperature] is indicated by the red [green] line; barbs indicate the wind in m.s⁻¹. The environmental lapse rate for the most unstable layer is also reported (in °C.km⁻¹), as well as the temperature advection inferred from the vertical wind shear for five consecutive layers of 100 hPa depth from surface to 500 hPa, in °C.day⁻¹ (rectangles in the lower right corner of the diagrams).

Figure 1 Micrometeorological tower installed at the Santa Maria experimental site. Photography: personal collection of researcher Michel Stefanello (2017).

Figure 2 Average time series of 5 min for the VNOR event, from 19 to 20 July 2018. (a) average wind speed, (b) temperature and 90th percentile [gray], and (c) wind direction.

Figure 3 Compass rose for an extended event of VNOR, from 08:50 LST from July 19, 2018 to 07:25 LST from July 20, 2018.

Figure 4 Average time series of 5 min for the prolonged VNOR event in the city of Santa Maria/RS, during the period from 19 to 20 July 2018. (a) variance of the vertical component of the wind, (b) standard deviation of the temperature, (c) turbulent kinetic energy, (d) friction velocity, (e) sensible heat flux.

Figure 5 The initial and final path of VNOR event about horizontal wind and temperature components.

Figure 6 Skew-T diagrams of atmospheric soundings from SBSM at (a) 21:00 LST on July 18, 2018 and (b) 09:00 LST on July 19, 2018. The profile of air temperature [dew point temperature] is indicated by the red [green] line; barbs indicate the wind in m.s⁻¹. The environmental lapse rate for the most unstable layer is also reported (in °C.km⁻¹), as well as the temperature advection inferred from the vertical wind shear for five consecutive layers of 100 hPa depth from surface to 500 hPa, in °C.day⁻¹ (rectangles in the lower right corner of the diagrams)

Figure 7 Skew-T diagrams of atmospheric soundings from SBSM at (a) 21:00 LST on July 19, 2018 and (b) 9:00 LST on July 20, 2018. The profile of air temperature [dew point temperature] is indicated by the red [green] line; barbs indicate the wind in m.s⁻¹. The environmental lapse rate for the most unstable layer is also reported (in °C.km⁻¹), as well as the temperature advection inferred from the vertical wind shear for five consecutive layers of 100 hPa depth from surface to 500 hPa, in °C.day⁻¹ (rectangles in the lower right corner of the diagrams).

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Observações Meteorológicas do Fenômeno Vento Norte na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

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[1] Corresponding author: Cinara Ewerling da Rosa, cinara.rosa@iffarroupilha.edu.br.