PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of topical cyclosporine .05% for preventing endothelial loss in cornea transplant. METHODS: Retrospective study of 18 eyes submitted to penetrating transplant due to keratoconus, operation carried out by the same surgeon. Patients with specular microscopy with lower than or equal to 1200 cells/mm² belonged to the control group. The inclusion criterion was the occurrence of specular microscopy in the postoperative period over the 6- month, 1- year, and 2- year periods and the exclusion criterion was the occurrence of other pathologies, precocious retransplants, contralateral eyes of bilateral cases, previous rejection episodes, eye pathologies associated with glaucoma. The statistical analysis was based on Friedman's tests. After the application of Friedman's test to group A (patients who had not used the cyclosporine .05%) in the respective 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year periods, a statistically significant decrease in the percentage variation of endothelial loss was observed (p = .001). After the application of Friedman's test to group B (patients who had used the cyclosporine .05%) in the respective 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year periods, a statistically not significant decrease in the percentage variation of endothelial loss was observed (p = .513). RESULTS: The curves of endothelial loss went through Friedman's statistical tests in which one carried out an assessment of percentage variation of endothelial loss in relation to base specular microscopy compared to the 6 -month, 1- year, and 2-year periods. CONCLUSION: Based on the results achieved after the application of Friedman's test, one could clearly show a deceleration in the percentage variation of endothelial loss in penetrating cornea transplants of group B (patient who had used the cyclosporine .05%) in comparison with group A (patients who had not used the cyclosporine .05%), proving its beneficial effect on the maintenance of endothelial cells and survival in cornea transplant.
Endothelium, corneal; Cyclosporine; Keratoconus; Endothelial cells; Corneal transplantation
