Association between bone mass and functional capacity among elderly people aged 80 years and over

Santos, Vanessa Ribeiro dos; Christofaro, Diego Giulliano Destro; Gomes, Igor Conterato; Codogno, Jamile Sanches; Santos, Lionai Lima dos; Freitas Júnior, Ismael Forte

doi:10.1016/j.rboe.2013.12.012

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Original Articles • Rev. bras. ortop. 48 (06) • Nov-Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rboe.2013.12.012 copy

Association between bone mass and functional capacity among elderly people aged 80 years and over^☆ ☆ Work performed at the School of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

Analyzed the association of bone mass with the functional capacity of elderly aged 80 or more.

Methods:

The sample consisted of 93 elderly aged 80 and 91 years (83.2±2.5 years) being 61 women (83.3±2.7 years) and 32 men (83.1±2.2 years) living in the city of Presidente Prudente - São Paulo/Brazil. The assessment of bone mass was realized by absorptiometry dual-energy X-ray (DXA), where have been measured values bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur and spine (L1 -L4). The functional capacity was evaluated by means of walking speed tests, static equilibrium and strength of lower limbs contained in the questionnaire Wellness Health and Aging (SABE). The variables of bone mass and functional capacity were categorized according to the median values and score tests, respectively. For statistical analysis we carried out the chi-square test, the software used was SPSS (13.0) and the significance level was set at 5%.

Results:

Elderly male with higher performance in the functional tests showed higher femur BMC compared to lower performance, result not found when evaluated women.

Conclusion:

Thus, the bone of the femur for the oldest old male is associated with functional capacity. The constant assessment of the bone mineral mass and practive of physical activity throughout life would be measures to prevent falls in the elderly.

Aged 80 and over; Bone density ; Femur

Variables	Mean ± SD		P
	Male (n=32)	Female (n=61)
Age (years)	83.1±2.2	83.3±2.7	0.684
Weight (kg)	71.5±15.6	57.4±11.1	≤0.001
Height (cm)	164.3±7.1	149.8±6.8	≤0.001
Femoral BMC (g)	33.1±6	23.0±5.6	≤0.001
Spinal BMC (g)	73.3±19.3	45.1±12.5	≤0.001
Femoral BMD (g/cm²)	0.89±0.14	0.74±0.15	≤0.001
Spinal BMD (g/cm²)	1.16±0.24	0.93±0.17	≤0.001

Bone mass	Male			Female
	Performance in the tests		P	Performance in the tests		P
	Worse	Better		Worse	Better
Femoral BMC (g)
Low	81.3%	18.7%	≤0.001	54.8%	45.2%	0.705
High	18.8%	81.2%		50%	50%

Spinal BMC (g)
Low	56.3%	43.7%	0.480	61.3%	38.7%	0.160
High	43.8%	56.2%		43.3%	56.7%

Femoral BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	64.7%	35.3%	0.077	55.3%	44.7%	0.573
High	33.3%	66.7%		47.8%	52.2%

Spinal BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	50%	50%	1.000	57.6%	42.4%	0.311
High	50%	50%		44.4%	55.6%

Bone mass	Performance in the tests
	Speed		P	Balance		P	Lower-limb strength		P
	Worse	Better		Worse	Better		Worse	Better
Femoral BMC (g)
Low	87.5%	12.5%	0.009	50%	50%	0.006	81.3%	18.8%	0.127
High	43.8%	56.3%		6.3%	93.8%		56.3%	43.8%

Spinal BMC (g)
Low	68.8%	31.3%	0.710	31.3%	68.8%	0.694	68.8%	31.3%	1.000
High	62.5%	37.5%		25%	75%		68.8%	31.3%

Femoral BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	76.5%	23.5%	0.169	29.4%	70.6%	0.863	76.5%	23.5%	0.316
High	53.3%	46.7%		26.7%	73.3%		60%	40%

Spinal BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	72.2%	27.8%	0.373	27.8%	72.2%	0.960	55.6%	44.4%	0.068
High	57.1%	42.9%		28.6%	71.4%		85.7%	14.3%

Bone mass	Performance in the tests
	Speed		P	Balance		P	Lower-limb strength		P
	Worse	Better		Worse	Better		Worse	Better
Femoral BMC (g)
Low	71%	29%	0.717	41.9%	58.1%	0.332	77.4%	22.6%	0.510
High	66.7%	33.3%		30%	70%		70%	30

Spinal BMC (g)
Low	77.4%	22.6%	0.142	35.5%	64.5%	0.923	74.2%	25.8	0.939
High	60%	40%		36.7%	63.3%		73.3%	26.7

Femoral BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	68.4%	31.6%	0.925	39.5%	60.5%	0.476	76.3%	23.7%	0.561
High	69.6%	30.4%		30.4%	69.6%		69.6%	30.4%

Spinal BMD (g/cm ² )
Low	66.7%	33.3%	0.759	36.4%	63.6%	0.807	72.7%	27.3%	0.907
High	70.4%	29.6%		33.3%	66.7%		74.1%	25.9%

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[1] Corresponding author. E-mail: ismael@fct.unesp.br (I.F. Freitas Júnior).

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Association between bone mass and functional capacity among elderly people aged 80 years and over☆ ☆ Work performed at the School of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Association between bone mass and functional capacity among elderly people aged 80 years and over^☆ ☆ Work performed at the School of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.