OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long term results and risk factors in the surgical arthroscopic treatment of the traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder. METHODS: Retrospective study of 302 patients (314 shoulders) 24 to 140 month follow-up, with a mean of 76.5 months. Evaluation performed in clinical and radiological exams. Results classified according to the UCLA and Carter-Rowe. Statistical analysis with the Epi Info program, T-student calculations, and Fisher Exact Test. RESULTS: A rate of 8.9% of recurrence was seen in the shoulders. According to UCLA classification, excellent/good results were seen in 97.6%, and regular/poor results, in 2.4% of the shoulders. According to Rowe classification, excellent/good results were seen in 89.2%, and regular/poor results, in 10.8 % of the shoulders. There was significance (p = 0.013) among the use of adequate materials, learning curve, and recurrence rate. A history of seizures (p = 0.0039) and the practice of contact sports (p = 0.004) had a marked correlation with recurrence. No correlation was seen between the Bankart lesion (p = 0.546), the Hill-Sachs lesion (p = 0,62) and recurrences, considering bone lesions smaller than 25% of the glenoid and humeral head, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 1. There is a statistically identified correlation between the rate of recurrence of traumatic anterior stability of the shoulder and: a) seizures in the post-operative period; b) practice of contact sports; c) presence of Bankart lesions with Hill-Sachs characterized by 25% or more of bone lesion of the glenoid or of the humeral head, respectively. 2. There seems to be a correlation between the non-repair of the SLAP lesion and the recurrence rate of traumatic anterior stability of the shoulder.
Artroscopy; Joint instability; Shoulder joint; Recurrence; Suture techniques; Bone screws; Retrospective studies
