OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of major depression in a community-dwelling population aged 80 years or more. The secondary objective was to compare this population's sleep patterns, cognitive function and frequency of other psychiatric disorders with a normal control group and other subjects with major depression. METHODS: A representative sample of 77 subjects (35%) aged 80 years or more was randomly selected from the rural southern county of Veranopolis, Brazil. Of them, 5 subjects met the DSM-IV criteria for major depression disorder and 50 control subjects (without dementia, delirium or any mood disorder) were compared. Sleep patterns were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a 2-week-sleep/wake diary. Five neuropsychological tests (the Buschke-Fuld Selective Reminding Test, the CERAD battery word list, the Verbal Fluency Test, and two sub-tests of the Wechsler memory scale) were used for cognitive evaluation. RESULTS: The point prevalence rate for major depression was 7.5%. When compared to the control group, subjects with major depression had a higher frequency of generalized anxiety disorder as a comorbid condition, used more benzodiazepines and had a worse life quality according to the Short-form 36 scale. Depressed elderly people showed the same sleep patterns, and performed in the same manner in the cognitive tests as controls. CONCLUSION: The results corroborate the hypothesis that major depressive disorder is frequently found among the elderly population aged 80 or more. This disorder causes impact on life quality concerning health, and often occurs in association with generalized anxiety disorder. Among elderly aged 80 or more living in this community, major depression neither manifested as a form of depressive pseudo-dementia, nor did it have any impact on sleep patterns.
Depression; Aged; Aged; Prevalence; Anxiety disorders; Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders; Memory; Quality of life; Epidemiology and biostatistics
