Wolkenstein99 Wolkenstein L, Zwick JC, Hautzinger M, Joormann J. Cognitive emotion regulation in euthymic bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2014;160:92-7.
|
Cross-sectional |
42 BD Rem43 MD39 HC |
16/2612/3116/23 |
40.9±12.836.9±13.342.2±13.3 |
28.4±11.528.4±12.4
|
CERQ |
SCID ISCID II |
QIDS-SRHAM-DSRMIYMRS |
-
-
BD and MD reported more frequent use of self-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing than HC, and less frequent use of putting into perspective and positive reappraisal.
-
-
BD and MD did not differ in any CERQ subscale.
|
Gilbert1010 Gilbert KE, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Gruber J. Positive emotion dysregulation across mood disorders: how amplifying versus dampening predicts emotional reactivity and illness course. Behav Res Ther. 2013;51:736-41.
|
Prospective |
31 BD Rem31 MD |
11/2010/21 |
30.9±9.7631.71±11.15 |
12.9±10.6†15.1±10.5†
|
RPA |
SCID-IVBRMSIDS-C |
PANASHR‡ECG‡
|
-
-
Rumination and emotional inertia were different between BD and MD.
-
-
The use of maladaptive emotional strategies was differently associated with manic and depressive states.
-
-
6-month follow-up: induced rumination was not associated with depressive or manic symptoms.
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Fletcher1111 Fletcher K, Parker GB, Manicavasagar V. Coping profiles in bipolar disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 2013;54;1177-84.
|
Cross-sectional |
86 BD I107 BD II96 MD90 HC |
155/224 |
39.7±11.4 |
18.4±7.019.4±10.220.8±11.3 |
RSQRPACERQ |
MINI |
CIPMBrief COPE |
-
-
HC used more adaptive coping strategies than patients.
-
-
In BD, rumination was more focused on emotion and on the self than in MD when faced with positive affect; conversely, when faced with negative affect, BD engaged more in risk-taking than MD.
-
-
BD I and BD II used similar coping strategies.
-
-
The importance of psychological intervention in the treatment of BD II is reinforced.
|
Pavlickova1212 Pavlickova H, Varese F, Smith A, Myin-Germeys I, Turnbull OH, Emsley R, et al. The dynamics of mood and coping in bipolar disorder: longitudinal investigations of the inter-relationship between affect, self-esteem and response styles. PLoS One. 2013;8:e62514.
|
Prospective |
28 BD Rem12 BD Dep8 BD Hypo |
14/34 |
45.4±10.8 |
27.2±9.7 |
RSQ |
PANASHRSDBRMS |
ESMMomentary self-esteemSelf-esteem fluctuations |
-
-
Rumination predicted lower positive affect; positive affect predicted decreases in rumination, whereas negative affect increased rumination.
-
-
Adaptive coping increases self-esteem and positive affect.
|
Rowland1313 Rowland JE, Hamilton MK, Lino BJ, Ly P, Denny K, Hwang EJ, et al. Cognitive regulation of negative affect in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2013;208:21-8.
|
Cross-sectional |
126 SZ97 BD I81 HC |
73/5336/6137/44 |
45.5±11.051.3±12.144.6±12.9 |
N/A |
CERQ |
OPCRITBEDDIGSFIGSDASSHPS |
None |
-
-
SZ and BD I showed more rumination, catastrophizing, and self-blame than HC, and less frequently used adaptive strategies (e.g., putting into perspective) in stressful situations.
-
-
In BD, rumination predicted depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and hypomania.
-
-
These findings may reflect cognitive deficits in frontal executive functions in SZ and BD when faced with negative affect, with the use cognitive of repair [reappraisal?] strategies; both SZ and BD may present deficits in the ability to interpret emotional stimuli.
|
Rowland1414 Rowland JE, Hamilton MK, Vella N, Lino BJ, Mitchell PB, Green MJ. Adaptive associations between social cognition and emotion regulation are absent in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Front Psychol. 2013;3:607.
|
Cross-sectional |
56 SZ33 BD I58 HC |
32/2418/1529/29 |
44.6±10.440.7±11.333.9±12.2 |
N/A |
CERQ |
ISSPANSS |
FEESTTASIT |
-
-
SZ ruminated more than BD and used more projection.
-
-
BD were more likely to blame themselves and less likely to engage in positive reappraisal than SZ.
-
-
Compared to HC, SZ showed impaired perception of positive and negative emotion; BD did not differ from HC.
|
Contreras1515 Contreras J, Hare E, Escamilla M, Raventos H. Principal domains of quantitative anxiety trait in subjects with lifetime history of mania. J Affect Disord. 2012;136:e69-75.
|
Cross-sectional |
164 BD I8 BD II18 BD NOS13 SZA DB2 SZ7 SMD |
97/115 |
45.3±12.2 |
N/A |
STAI |
DIGSFIGS |
None |
|
Kim1616 Kim S, Yu BH, Lee DS, Kim JH. Ruminative response in clinical patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord. 2012;136:e77-81.
|
Cross-sectional |
227 MD68 BD I52 BD II37 BD NOS65 PD16 GAD11 OCD |
177/299 |
16 to 88 years (range) |
N/A |
RSQ |
SCIDHRSDHRSA |
None |
-
-
Rumination was found among individuals with MD, BD, GAD, and OCD, possibly indicating ineffective thought control.
-
-
Methodology: this study assessed the psychometric properties of RSQ to validate the Korean version of the scale.
|
Green1717 Green MJ, Lino BJ, Hwang EJ, Sparks A, James C, Mitchell PB. Cognitive regulation of emotion in bipolar I disorder and unaffected biological relatives. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011;124:307-16.
|
Cross-sectional |
105 BD I124 UR63 HC |
33/7247/7731/32 |
52.4±14.152.3±15.658.3±16.8 |
N/A |
CERQ |
DASSHPS |
None |
-
-
BD more frequently presented maladaptive cognitive strategies such as rumination, catastrophizing, and self-blame in response to negative events than UR and HC.
-
-
BD I and UR reported more frequent use of maladaptive regulatory strategies than HC.
|
Gruber1818 Gruber J, Eidelman P, Johnson SL, Smith B, Harvey AG. Hooked on a feeling: rumination about positive and negative emotion in inter-episode bipolar disorder. J Abnorm Psychol. 2011;120:956-61.
|
Cross-sectional |
39 BD I34 HC |
11/2812/22 |
42.5±13.838.2±11.1 |
19.5±12.1 |
RSQRPAEmotion response to rumination induction |
SCIDYMRSDS-CPANAS |
HR‡ECG‡RSA |
-
-
BD reported greater trait rumination about positive and negative emotion when compared with HC.
-
-
Rumination induction did not reveal differences between the groups.
-
-
Rumination about positive and negative affect in BD, as well as increased cardiovascular arousal, were associated with a greater frequency of lifetime depression and mania.
-
-
Methodology: illness course assessed retrospectively.
|
Liu1919 Liu X, Gentzler AL, George CJ, Kovacs M. Responses to depressed mood and suicide attempt in young adults with a history of childhood-onset mood disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70:644-52.
|
Cohort |
223 COMD112 HC |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
RSQ |
Suicide attempts |
None |
-
-
COMD scored higher on maladaptive response styles and lower on adaptive styles.
-
-
Compared to COMD, probands with a history of suicide attempt were less likely to report the use of distracting activities to manage their depressed mood.
-
-
COMD who engaged in dangerous activities in response to depressed mood were more likely to attempt suicide (HR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.2-2.8).
|
Perlis2020 Perlis RH, Ostacher MJ, Uher R, Nierenberg AA, Casamassima F, Kansky C, et al. Stability of symptoms across major depressive episodes in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11:867-75.
|
Cohort |
386 BD I197 BD II |
218/365 |
40.6±12.1 |
16.6±8.2 |
RSQRPACERQ |
SCIDADEMINICGI-S |
None |
|
Van der Gucht88 Van der Gucht E, Morriss R, Lancaster G, Kinderman P, Bentall RP. Psychological processes in bipolar affective disorder: negative cognitive style and reward processing. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;194:146-51.
|
Prospective |
34 BD Man/Hypo/Mix30 BD Dep43 BD Eut41 HC |
13/218/2218/2520/21 |
45.5±41-50‡46.2±42-49‡47.5±43-51‡47.9±43-52‡
|
23.9±21-27§21.0±17-25§24.0±22-26§
|
RSQ |
SCIDCSMSHRSDBRMSPANAS |
Self-esteem diary Autobiographical memoryCARROTPSIBIS/BASPITRSE |
-
-
BD in all phases showed high levels of sociotropy and autonomy, low self-esteem, self-esteem instability, rumination, and, less clearly, an impaired ability to recall specific autobiographical memories.
-
-
Vulnerability to depression was evident even in euthymic patients.
|
Gruber2121 Gruber J, Eidelman P, Harvey AG. Transdiagnostic emotion regulation processes in bipolar disorder and insomnia. Behav Res Ther. 2008;46:1096-100.
|
Cross-sectional |
21 BD I19 INS20 HC |
6/1510/9 |
39.0±2.548.8±2.6 |
15.5±4.922.9±14.3||
|
GRS |
SCIDIDS-CYMRSIDIDSISDBDIBAI |
PSWQCCL |
. |
Johnson2222 Johnson SL, McKenzie G, McMurrich S. Ruminative responses to negative and positive affect among students diagnosed with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. Cognit Ther Res. 2008;32:702-13.
|
Cross-sectional |
28 BD35 MD44 HC |
39/68 |
19.1±1.5 |
N/A |
RSQRPA |
SCIDHPSIDD-L |
None |
|
Simon2323 Simon NM, Pollack MH, Ostacher MJ, Zalta AK, Chow CW, Fischmann D, et al. Understanding the link between anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation and behaviors in outpatients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2007;97:91-9.
|
Cross-sectional, ancillary to cohort |
60 BD I27 BD II11 BD NOS |
42/56 |
44.8±13.9 |
27.5±13.2†
|
RSQ |
MINISBQASIFQPDSS-SR |
PSWQEACSFNE |
-
-
Higher RSQ scores were associated with greater suicidal ideation, and higher coping scores with lower suicidal ideation, in BD, during both depressive and manic episodes, in both males and females.
-
-
Rumination may mediate the relationship between anxiety and suicidal ideation.
|
Thomas2424 Thomas J, Knowles R, Tai S, Bentall RP. Response styles to depressed mood in bipolar affective disorder. J Affect Disord. 2007;100:249-52.
|
Cross-sectional |
14 BD Dep40 BD Man29 BD Rem44 HC |
11/310/2011/1814/30 |
38.3±12.245.9±12.445.8±11.237.4±12.7 |
N/A |
RSQ |
HRSDBRMSNART |
None |
-
-
Rumination was greater in BD Rem and BD Dep when compared with BD Man and HC.
-
-
There was no correlation between rumination, sex, and IQ.
-
-
Risk-taking and active coping were associated with manic symptoms.
-
-
Methodological limitation: multiple groups with small sizes.
|