Agomelatine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAD |
RDBCT |
121 |
25-50 mg, 12 weeks |
CGI, HARS, LSEQ, SDS |
Anxiolytic |
Stein et al.8080. Stein DJ, Ahokas AA, de Bodinat C. Efficacy of agomelatine in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28:561-6.
|
GAD |
Open-label treatment followed by a multicenter RDBCT |
477 |
25-50 mg, 16 weeks (open-label) followed by 26 weeks (RDBCT) |
CGI, DESS, HAD, HARS, LSEQ, SDS |
Anxiolytic and well-tolerated in long-term treatment. Superior to placebo in preventing relapse. |
Stein et al.8181. Stein DJ, Ahokas A, Albarran C, Olivier V, Allgulander C. Agomelatine prevents relapse in generalized anxiety disorder: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73:1002-8.
|
GAD |
Multicenter, RDBCT |
412 |
25-50 mg, 12 weeks |
CGI, HADS, LSEQ, SDS |
Anxiolytic effect similar to escitalopram, with lower adverse events incidence. |
Stein et al.8282. Stein DJ, Ahokas A, Márquez MS, Höschl C, Oh KS, Jarema M, et al. Agomelatine in generalized anxiety disorder: an active comparator and placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75:362-8.
|
GAD |
RDBCT |
412 |
10-25 mg, 12 weeks |
HARS |
Anxiolytic, placebo-agomelatine difference greater with the higher dose. |
Stein et al.8383. Stein DJ, Ahokas A, Jarema M, Avedisova AS, Vavrusova L, Chaban O, et al. Efficacy and safety of agomelatine (10 or 25 mg/day) in non-depressed out-patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2017;27:526-37.
|
NAC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
TTM |
RDBCT |
50 |
1,200-2,400 mg, 12 weeks |
CGI, HARS MGH-HPS, PITS |
Reduced hair- pulling |
Grant et al.8484. Durieux AM, Fernandes C, Murphy D, Labouesse MA, Giovanoli S, Meyer U, et al. Targeting glia with N-acetylcysteine modulates brain glutamate and behaviors relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders in C57BL/6J mice. Front Behav Neurosci. 2015;9:343.
|
OCD (refractory to SRI) |
RDBCT |
39 |
Initially 600 mg, doubling weekly to a maximum dose of 2,400 mg (add-on treatment to SRI), 12 weeks |
CGI-S, Y-BOCS |
Improved mean CGI-S and Y-BOCS scale scores |
Afshar et al.8585. Afshar H, Roohafza H, Mohammad-Beigi H, Haghighi M, Jahangard L, Shokouh P, et al. N-acetylcysteine add-on treatment in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;32:797-803.
|
Chronic nail biting |
RDBCT |
25 |
800 mg, 2 months |
Nail length |
Decreased nail biting over the short term |
Ghanizadeh et al.8686. Ghanizadeh A, Derakhshan N, Berk M. N-acetylcysteine versus placebo for treating nail biting, a double blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2013;12:223-8.
|
OCD |
RDBCT |
44 |
3,000 mg (add-on treatment), 16 weeks |
Y-BOCS |
Decreased Y-BOCS score |
Sarris et al.8787. Sarris J, Oliver G, Camfield DA, Dean OM, Dowling N, Smith DJ, et al. N-acetyl cysteine (nac) in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a 16-week, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. CNS Drugs. 2015;29:801-9.
|
PTSD and SUD |
RDBCT |
35 |
2,400 mg, 8 weeks |
CAPS, PCL-M, VAS |
Improved PTSD and craving |
Back et al.8888. Back SE, McCauley JL, Korte KJ, Gros DF, Leavitt V, Gray KM, et al. A double-blind, randomized, controlled pilot trial of N-acetylcysteine in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders. J Clin Psychiatry. 2016;77:e1439-e46.
|
Skin-picking disorder |
RDBCT |
53 |
1,200-3,000 mg, 12 weeks |
Measures of skin-picking severity: CGI-S and modified Y-BOCS |
Decreased skin-picking |
Grant et al.8989. Grant JE, Chamberlain SR, Redden SA, Leppink EW, Odlaug BL, Kim SW. N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of excoriation disorder: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73:490-6.
|
OCD |
RDBCT |
44 |
2,000 mg (add-on treatment to fluvoxamine), 10 weeks |
Y-BOCS |
Decreased scores in Y-BOCS |
Paydary et al.9090. Paydary K, Akamaloo A, Ahmadipour A, Pishgar F, Emamzadehfard S, Akhondzadeh S. N-acetylcysteine augmentation therapy for moderate-to-severe obsessive-compulsive disorder: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2016;41:214-9.
|
Omega-3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Test anxiety |
Placebo controlled trial |
126 |
90 mg of α-linolenic acid (omega-3) and 360 mg of linoleic acid (omega-6 fatty acid), 3 weeks |
Standardized rating scale |
Improved variables associated with test anxiety |
Yehuda et al.9191. Yehuda S, Rabinovitz S, Mostofsky DI. Mixture of essential fatty acids lowers test anxiety. Nutr Neurosci. 2005;8:265-7.
|
SUD |
RDBCT |
24 |
3 g, 3 months |
Modified version of the POMS (baseline and monthly) |
Decreased anxiety scores progressively |
Buydens-Branchey & Branchey9292. Buydens-Branchey L, Branchey M. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease anxiety feelings in a population of substance abusers. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006;26:661-5.
|
SUD |
RDBCT |
22 |
3 g, 3 months |
Modified version of POMS |
Decreased anxiety scores |
Buydens-Branchey et al.9393. Buydens-Branchey L, Branchey M, Hibbeln JR. Associations between increases in plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids following supplementation and decreases in anger and anxiety in substance abusers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32:568-75.
|
Healthy young adults |
RDBCT |
68 |
2.5 g, 12 weeks |
BAI, CES-D |
Decreased anxiety |
Kiecolt-Glaser et al.9494. Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Belury MA, Andridge R, Malarkey WB, Glaser R. Omega-3 supplementation lowers inflammation and anxiety in medical students: a randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun. 2011;25:1725-34.
|
Alcoholic patients |
RDBCT |
31 |
60 mg EPA + 252 mg DHA, 3 weeks |
PSS |
Decreased anxiety/stress |
Barbadoro et al.9595. Barbadoro P, Annino I, Ponzio E, Romanelli RM, D’Errico MM, Prospero E, et al. Fish oil supplementation reduces cortisol basal levels and perceived stress: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in abstinent alcoholics. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013;57:1110-4.
|
Early postmyocardial infarction |
RDBCT |
52 |
1 g + standard pharmacotherapy, 1 month |
BDI, ESQ, STAI-S, STAI-T, used at the baseline (3rd day of acute myocardial infarction) and after one month |
Decreased anxiety (STAI-S) |
Haberka et al.9696. Haberka M, Mizia-Stec K, Mizia M, Gieszczyk K, Chmiel A, Sitnik-Warchulska K, et al. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depressive symptoms, anxiety and emotional state in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Pharmacol Rep. 2013;65:59-68.
|
PMS |
RDBCT |
124 |
2 g, 3 months |
VAS |
Decreased anxiety severity and duration |
Sohrabi et al.9797. Sohrabi N, Kashanian M, Ghafoori SS, Malakouti SK. Evaluation of the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: “a pilot trial.” Complement Ther Med. 2013;21:141-6.
|
Japanese accident survivors (at risk for developing PTSD) |
RDBCT |
83 |
1,470 mg DHA + 147 mg EPA, 12 weeks |
Monitoring of heart rate and skin conductance, script-driven imagery of their traumatic event |
Decreased heart rate |
Matsumura et al.9898. Matsumura K, Noguchi H, Nishi D, Hamazaki K, Hamazaki T, Matsuoka YJ. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on psychophysiological symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in accident survivors: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2017;224:27-31.
|