The diversity of <i>Eimeria</i> spp. in cattle in the Brazilian Semiarid region

Melo, Lídio Ricardo Bezerra; Sousa, Luana Carneiro; Lima, Brendo Andrade; Silva, Ana Luzia Peixoto; Lima, Estefany Ferreira; Ferreira, Larissa Claudino; Feitosa, Thais Ferreira; Vilela, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612022037

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Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 31 (3) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612022037 copy

The diversity of Eimeria spp. in cattle in the Brazilian Semiarid region

A diversidade de Eimeria spp. em bovinos no Semiárido do Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to find out the diversity of Eimeria species in cattle herds in the semiarid region of Brazil. Forty cattle fecal samples were collected from 20 farms in the Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil, and examined by centrifugation-floatation technique in sucrose solution. From each positive animal, 20 oocysts were photographed and measured. Infection by Eimeria spp. was detected in 17.12% (137/800) of the samples analyzed. All the farms had at least one animal that was positive for Eimeria spp. (100%; 20/20). In total, 2740 coccidia were photographed and measured. The species detected were: Eimeria bovis (35.1%); Eimeria canadensis (17.48%); Eimeria auburnensis (14.7%); Eimeria ellipsoidalis (9.7%); Eimeria zuernii (7.22%); Eimeria brasiliensis (4.56%); Eimeria bukidnonensis (3.97%); Eimeria illinoisensis (2.91%); Eimeria wyomingensis (1.42%); Eimeria alabamensis (1.27%); Eimeria cylindrica (0.76%); Eimeria pellita (0.54%); Eimeria ildefonsoi (0.21%); and Eimeria subspherica (0.07%). It was concluded that cattle in the semiarid region of Brazil were parasitized by 14 species of Eimeria. It is thinked that the sanitary management employed, as well as the system used for raising these animals, is the crucial point that leads to high rates of infection in this region.

Keywords:
Coccidia; gastrointestinal protozoa; mixed production; ruminants

Coccidia	Oocysts				Esporocysts
Coccidia	Shape	Polar granule	Outer layer	Micropyle	Shape	Polar granule	Stieda body	Residuum	Nº of cattle	Occurrence
E. bovis	Ovoid	Present	Smooth	Present	Ovoid and cylindrical or elongated	Present	Present	Present	102	35.10%
E. canadensis	Ovoid or Ellipsoidal	Absent	Bi-layered	Present	Elongated and ellipsoidal	Absent	Present	Present	77	17.48%
E. auburnensis	Ovoid	Present	Bi-layered	Present	Elongated and ovoid	Present	Present	Present	71	14.70%
E. ellipsoidalis	Ellipsoidal	Present	Thin	Absent	Elongated and ellipsoidal	Present	Present	Present	51	9.70%
E. zuernii	Spherical	Absent	Single	Absent	Elongated and ovoid	Absent	Present	Present	45	7.22%
E. brasiliensis	Ellipsoidal or Ovoid	Optative	Bi-layered	Present	Elongated ellipsoid	Optative	Present	Present	16	4.56%
E. bukidnonensis	Piriform	Absent	Striated	Present	Elongated and ovoid	Absent	Present	Present	19	3.97%
E. illinoisensis	Ellipsoidal or Ovoid	Absent	Smooth	Absent	Ovoid elongated	Absent	Present	Present	18	2.91%
E. wyomingensis	Ovoid	Absent	Smooth	Present	Ellipsoid	Absent	Present	Absent	13	1.42%
E. alabamensis	Ovoid or Ellipsoidal	Optative	Smooth	Absent	Elongated and ovoid	Optative	Present	Absent	16	1.27%
E. cylindrica	Ellipsoidal elongated	Present	Thin	Absent	Elongated ellipsoid	Present	Present	Present	13	0.76%
E. pellita	Ovoid	Present	Thick	Present	Elongated	Present	Present	Present	4	0.54%
E. ildefonsoi	Ovoid or cylindrical	Absent	Bi-layered	Present	Ellipsoid	Absent	Present	Present	2	0.21%
E. subspherica	subspherical or Spherical	Optative	Bi-layered	Absent	Ovoid and spheric	Optative	Present	Present	2	0.07%

Coccidia	Oocysts
Coccidia	Length (µm)	SD	CV (%)	Width (µm)	SD	CV (%)	SI	N	Length (µm)	SD	CV (%)	Width (µm)	SD	CV (%)	SI	N
E. bovis	28 (24-32)	2.12	7.57	20 (17-23)	1.38	6.9	1.40	962	13 (8-19)	2.08	16	6-(4-8)	0.84	14	2.16	962
E. canadensis	35 (32-38)	1.55	4.43	22 (19-26)	1.09	4.95	1.59	479	16 (10-22)	2.12	13.5	7 (6-9)	0.89	12.71	2.28	479
E. auburnensis	37 (32-42)	2.41	6.51	22 (19-26)	1.34	6.09	1.68	403	16 (12-21)	2.15	13.44	7 (5-10)	0.90	12.86	2.28	403
E. ellipsoidalis	22 (19-26)	1.68	7.64	16 (13-19)	1.42	8.88	1.37	266	10 (5-16	1.93	19.3	6 (4-8)	0.83	13.83	1.66	266
E. zuernii	18 (15-22)	1.35	7.5	16 (13-19)	1.52	9.5	1.12	198	8 (4-13)	1.52	19	5 (4-7)	0.70	14	1.6	198
E. brasiliensis	35 (32-39)	1.56	4.46	26 (24-28)	1.07	4.12	1.34	125	16 (11-21)	2.57	16.06	7 (6-8)	0.70	10	2.28	125
E. bukidnonensis	42 (36-49)	3.45	8.21	30 (26-35)	2.84	9.47	1.40	109	14 (10-19)	2.06	14.71	9 (7-11)	0.95	10.56	1.55	109
E. illinoisensis	26 (23-29)	1.60	6.15	20 (18-22)	1.02	5.1	1.30	80	11 (6-17)	2.38	21.64	6 (5-7)	0.74	12.33	1.83	80
E. wyomingensis	41 (38-44)	1.53	3.73	27 (26-29)	0.64	2.37	1.51	39	16 (12-20)	3.05	19.06	7 (6- 9)	0.78	11.14	2.28	39
E. alabamensis	18 (14-23)	3.04	16.89	14 (12-16)	1.50	10.71	1.28	35	10 (7-13)	1.51	15.1	4 (3-6)	0.66	16.5	2.5	35
E. cylindrica	21 (20-23)	1.13	5.38	15 (13-17)	0.94	6.33	1.40	21	10 (8-12)	1.18	11.8	5 (4-7)	0.76	15.2	2	21
E. pellita	38 (36-41)	2.40	6.32	26 (25-28)	1.02	3.92	1.46	15	15 (13-19)	1.66	11.07	9 (8-11)	0.85	9.44	1.66	15
E. ildefonsoi	43 (43-44)	0.16	0.37	24 (24-25)	0.04	0.17	1.79	6	18 (18-19)	0.45	2.5	8 (8-9)	0.32	4	2.25	6
E. subspherica	15 (14-16)	1.69	11.27	14 (13-16)	2.54	18.14	1.07	2	6 (4-8)	3.39	56.5	4.2 (4-4.4)	0.35	8.33	1.42	2

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[1] *Corresponding author: Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela. E-mail: vinicius.vilela@ifpb.edu.br