Host |
Cairina moschata
|
Anas querquedula, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos, Fulica atra
|
Anser anser anser
|
Pigeon, little bustard and several gallinaceous birds |
Eider - ducks |
Wigeon and common scoter |
Owls |
Locality |
Soure, Pará, Brazil
|
Zoological Museum of Copenhagen, Denmark |
Hertfordshire |
British Museum |
Escotland |
British Museum |
Britain |
Total body (L) a
|
11.8-15.8
|
16.7-28.6
|
7.0-12.2 |
8.4-14.9 |
6.2-10.7 |
7.1-12.9 |
8.4-14.7 |
8.9-17.6 |
9.7-11.6 |
7.6-13.4 |
7.8-8.5 |
9.8-13.1 |
8.7-11.3 |
18.2-23.3 |
Maximum body (W) b
|
36-51
|
38-53
|
- |
- |
54 |
66 |
68 |
73 |
78 |
88 |
48 |
62 |
59 |
69 |
Nerve-ring (L) b, c
|
41-70
|
46-95
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (L) b
|
256-366
|
335-445
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (W) b
|
13-15
|
13-20
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Total esophagus (W) a, c
|
5.0-6.2
|
5.4-8.0
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Vulva (L) a
|
̶
|
5.5-12.0c
|
- |
2.1-2.7c
|
- |
0.036-0.042d
|
- |
0.030-0.070d
|
- |
- |
- |
0.066-0.072d
|
- |
- |
Vulvar appendage |
̶
|
Present
|
- |
- |
- |
Absent |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
- |
Absent |
- |
Absent |
Egg (L × W) b
|
35-48 × 18-22
|
49-65 × ? |
- |
49-58 × 22-24 |
59-62 × 30-32 |
|
60-64 × 30-34 |
Spicule (L) a
|
1.5-1.7
|
- |
1.22-1.83 |
- |
1.22-1.37 |
- |
0.96-1.02 |
- |
1.5-7.5 |
- |
0.64-0.71 |
- |
0.68-0.71 |
- |
Spicule (W) b
|
16-23
|
- |
- |
- |
20-22 |
- |
- |
- |
10-12 |
- |
18 |
- |
14-15 |
- |
Spicular sheath spines |
Present
|
- |
- |
- |
Absent |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
-
|
Present |
- |
Spicular sheath (L × W) b
|
123-433 × 13-16
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
?0.010-0.012 |
- |
0.025 |
- |
-
|
- |
|
- |
# Specimen |
20
|
20
|
28 |
11 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
20 |
3 |
7 |
- |
- |
Reference |
Present study
|
Madsen (1945)Madsen H. The species of Capillaria (Nematodes, Trichinelloidea) parasitic in the digestive tract of Danish gallinaceous and anatine game birds, with a revised list of species of Capillaria in birds. Dan Rev Game Biol 1945; 1(1): 1-112.
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Morphometric characterization |
Capillariacairina n. sp. |
C. ovopunctata
|
C. collaris
|
C. phasianina
|
C. anatis
|
C. caudinflata
|
C. anatis
|
Specimen sex |
Male
|
Female
|
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Host |
Cairina moschata
|
Blackbirds and starlings |
Odontophorus capueira capueira
|
Phasianus colchicus torquatus
|
Domestic fowl |
British Domestic fowls |
Anas platyrhynchos
|
Locality |
Soure, Pará, Brazil
|
Hertfordshire |
Brazil |
Brazil |
Great Britain |
Inglaterra |
UK |
Total body (L) a
|
11.8-15.8
|
16.7-28.6
|
6.84-10.3 |
11.2-14.0 |
8.3 |
- |
17.82-19.77 |
26.97-38.76 |
6.70-13.14 |
8.11-18.34 |
8.80-17.60 |
11.88-25.38 |
11.99-14.46 |
15.87-24.69 |
Maximum body (W) b
|
36-51
|
38-53
|
52 |
62 |
66 |
- |
66 |
70-83 |
35-58 |
44-60 |
33-51 |
38-62 |
- |
- |
Nerve-ring (L) b, c
|
41-70
|
46-95
|
- |
- |
76 |
- |
84-92 |
105-130 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (L) b
|
256-366
|
335-445
|
- |
- |
206 |
- |
365-522 |
435-566 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (W) b
|
13-15
|
13-20
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Total esophagus (W) a, c
|
5.0-6.2
|
5.4-8.0
|
- |
- |
3.82 |
- |
6.87-8.04 |
7.37-8.78 |
4.23-5.29 |
4.23-6.70 |
4.59-7.05 |
4.59-7.41 |
- |
- |
Vulva (L) a, c
|
̶ |
5.5-12.0c
|
-
|
0.050-0.057d
|
- |
- |
-
|
0.042-0.097d
|
- |
-
|
-
|
- |
-
|
-
|
Vulvar appendage |
̶ |
Present
|
-
|
Present |
- |
- |
-
|
- |
- |
-
|
-
|
Present |
-
|
-
|
Egg (L × W) b
|
35-48 × 18-22
|
57-58 × 27-28 |
- |
46-63 × 21-29 |
55-62 × 22-29 |
47-58 × 20-24 |
53-58 × 24-29 |
Spicule (L) a
|
1.5-1.7
|
- |
0.91 - 0.94 |
- |
0.96 |
- |
1.74-2.41 |
- |
1.06-1.86 |
- |
0.71-1.25 |
- |
1.40-1.97 |
- |
Spicule (W) b
|
16-23
|
- |
3-8 |
- |
17 |
- |
17-29 |
- |
14-22 |
- |
3-5 |
- |
- |
- |
Spicular sheath spines |
Present
|
- |
Present |
-
|
Present |
- |
Present |
-
|
Present |
-
|
Present |
-
|
Present |
- |
Spicular sheath (L × W) b
|
123-433 × 13-16
|
- |
-
|
17 × 21 |
? × 25-34 |
- |
-
|
- |
# Specimen |
20
|
20
|
- |
- |
1 |
- |
5 |
5 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
20 |
20 |
Reference |
Present study
|
Mettrick (1959)Mettrick DF. On the nematode genus Capillaria in British birds. Ann Mag Nat Hist 1959; 2(14): 65-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908651...
|
Freitas et al. (1959)Freitas JF, Mendonça J, Guimarães JP. Sôbre algumas espécies do gênero Capillaria Zeder, 1800 parasitas de aves: (Nematoda, Trichuroidea). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1959; 57(1): 17-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761959000100002. PMid:13814750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761959...
|
Freitas et al. (1959)Freitas JF, Mendonça J, Guimarães JP. Sôbre algumas espécies do gênero Capillaria Zeder, 1800 parasitas de aves: (Nematoda, Trichuroidea). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1959; 57(1): 17-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761959000100002. PMid:13814750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761959...
|
Wakelin (1965)Wakelin D. On species of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 (Nematoda) from British domestic fowl. Parasitology 1965; 55(2): 285-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068761. PMid:14342122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068...
|
Wakelin (1965)Wakelin D. On species of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 (Nematoda) from British domestic fowl. Parasitology 1965; 55(2): 285-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068761. PMid:14342122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068...
|
Wakelin (1965)Wakelin D. On species of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 (Nematoda) from British domestic fowl. Parasitology 1965; 55(2): 285-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068761. PMid:14342122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000068...
|
Morphometric characterization |
Capillariacairina n. sp. |
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
Specimen sex |
Male
|
Female
|
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Host |
Cairina moschata
|
Perdix perdix
|
Anas acuta
|
Corvus monedula; C. splendens
|
Ducks Anatinae |
Gallus gallus domesticus
|
Chicken |
Locality |
Soure, Pará, Brazil
|
Collection of the London |
Delta, USSR |
Kashmir, India |
North-Western Poland |
Kashmir valley |
Kagoshima, Japan |
Total body (L) a
|
11.8-15.8
|
16.7-28.6
|
- |
19.32 |
6.70-13.14 |
8.11 - 18.34 |
8.20-13.5 |
9.42-16.50 |
7.71-10.55 |
6.83-14.04 |
10.5-12.9 |
14.3-18.5 |
6.42-9.97 |
7.25-16.58 |
Maximum body (W) b
|
36-51
|
38-53
|
- |
- |
35-58 |
44 - 60 |
28-60 |
30-64 |
35-42 |
40-50 |
60-90 |
51-140 |
36-64 |
50-80 |
Nerve-ring (L) b, c
|
41-70
|
46-95
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (L) b
|
256-366
|
335-445
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Muscular esophagus (W) b
|
13-15
|
13-20
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Total esophagus (W) a, c
|
5.0-6.2
|
5.4-8.0
|
- |
- |
4.23-5.29 |
4.23 - 6.70 |
4.46-5.85 |
4.10-6.05 |
- |
- |
4.23 - 6.25 |
4.12-6.0 |
3.44-5.06 |
3.00-6.56 |
Vulva (L) a, c
|
̶
|
5.5-12.0c
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
4.46-6.12c
|
- |
- |
-
|
4.34-4.56c
|
- |
0.011 × 0.083 |
Vulvar appendage |
-
|
Present
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-
|
- |
- |
- |
Egg (L × W) b
|
35-48 × 18-22
|
57 × 26 |
- |
48-57 × 24-27 |
40-52 × 22-25 |
51-65 × 25-30 |
53-63 × 24-34 |
Spicule (L) a
|
1.5-1.7
|
- |
1.52 |
- |
1.06-1.86 |
- |
0.48-0.65 |
- |
0.63-0.92 |
- |
1.0-1.2 |
- |
0.73-1.21 |
- |
Spicule (W) b
|
16-23
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
13-24 |
- |
- |
- |
14-25 |
- |
- |
- |
Spicular sheath spines |
Present
|
- |
- |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
-
|
Present |
-
|
Spicular sheath (L × W) b
|
123-433 × 13-16
|
- |
- |
- |
9 × 10 |
140-180×? |
- |
- |
- |
-
|
- |
# Specimen |
20
|
20
|
2 |
2 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
20 |
4 |
11 |
28 |
28 |
29 |
Reference |
Present study
|
Wakelin (1967)Wakelin D. Nematodes of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 from the collection of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. II. Capillariids from British birds. J Helminthol 1967; 41(4): 401-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X00021921. PMid:6057049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X00021...
|
Baruš et al. (1981)Baruš V, Tenora F, Wiger R, Sergeeva TP. On the morphology and fine structure of C. anatis, a type species of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 1981; 28(3): 215-219.
|
Dar et al. (2013)Dar JA, Syed T, Dar SA, Kuchai JA. First report of Capillaria anatis (Nematoda: Capillariidae) from Corvus species of Kashmir- Índia. Glob Vet 2013; 10(4): 467-471. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.10.4.72167. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gv.2013....
|
Stapf et al. (2013)Stapf AN, Kavetska KM, Ptak PP, Rząd I. Morphometrical and ecological analysis of nematodes of the family Capillariidae (Neveu-Lemaire, 1936) in wild ducks (Anatinae) from the north-western Poland. Ann Parasitol 2013; 59(4): 195-201. PMid:24791347.
|
Tanveer et al. (2015)Tanveer S, Ahad S, Chishti MZ. Morphological characterization of nematodes of the genera Capillaria, Acuaria, Amidostomum, Streptocara, Heterakis, and Ascaridia isolated from intestine and gizzard of domestic birds from different regions of the temperate Kashmir valley. J Parasit Dis 2015; 39(4): 745-760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12639-013-0401-7. PMid:26688646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12639-013-040...
|
Tamaru et al. (2015)Tamaru M, Yamaki S, Jimenez LA, Sato H. Morphological and molecular genetic characterization of three Capillaria spp. (Capillaria anatis, Capillaria pudendotecta, and Capillaria madseni) and Baruscapillaria obsignata (Nematoda: Trichuridae: Capillariinae) in avians. Parasitol Res 2015; 114(11): 4011-4022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4629-2. PMid:26204803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-462...
|
Morphometric characterization |
Capillaria cairina n. sp. |
C. anatis
|
C. anatis
|
C. spinulosa
|
C. spinulosa
|
C. phasianina
|
C. amatis
|
Specimen sex |
Male
|
Female
|
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Host |
Cairina moschata
|
Chicken |
Chicken |
Anas platyrhynchos
|
Anser cygnoides
|
Phasianus colchicus versicolor
|
Anas platyrhynchos domesticus
|
domesticus
|
Locality |
Soure, Pará, Brazil
|
Davao Oriental, Philippines |
Indonesia |
Surabaya, Indonesia |
Surabaya, Indonesia |
Kumamoto, Japan |
Ukraine |
Total body (L) a
|
11.8-15.8
|
16.7-28.6
|
7.69-14.06 |
12.61-20.83 |
10.95-13.97 |
13.56-14.23 |
15.00-16.71 |
24.4 |
12.34-14.58 |
10.06-23.61 |
19.29 |
19.77 |
7.20-9.80 |
9.70-12.50 |
Maximum body (W) b
|
36-51
|
38-53
|
50-72 |
60-106 |
53-65 |
55-58 |
55-57 |
71 |
38-52 |
52-73 |
65 |
65 |
44.78-47.21 |
58.17-61.28 |
Nerve-ring (L) b, c
|
41-70
|
46-95
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
̶ |
̶ |
Muscular esophagus (L) b
|
256-366
|
335-445
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
̶ |
̶ |
Muscular esophagus (W) b
|
13-15
|
13-20
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
̶ |
̶ |
Total esophagus (W) a, c
|
5.0-6.2
|
5.4-8.0
|
3.50-6.69 |
4.97-6.94 |
4.76-5.77 |
5.24-5.48 |
5.88-6.74 |
6.65 |
5.27-5.84 |
5.18-7.89 |
5.48 |
5.44 |
̶ |
̶ |
Vulva (L) a, |
- |
5.5-12.0c
|
- |
0.011-0.117d
|
- |
0.023-0.068c
|
- |
- |
- |
0.058-0.427d
|
- |
- |
̶ |
4.45-6.15 |
Vulvar appendage |
- |
Present
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
̶ |
Absent |
Egg (L × W) |
35-48 × 18-22
|
49-66 × 26-37 |
54-59 × 24-29 |
45 × 24 |
40-50 × 21-24 |
41-49 × 24-25 |
56.29-61.25 × 29.45-35.41 |
Spicule (L) a
|
1.5-1.7
|
- |
0.89-1.12 |
- |
0.94-1.15 |
- |
0.65-0.72 |
- |
0.74-0.78 |
- |
2.55 |
- |
1.40-1.64 |
̶ |
Spicule (W) |
16-23
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
10.20-11.62 |
̶ |
Spicular sheath spines |
Present
|
- |
Present |
- |
- |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
- |
Present |
-
|
Absent |
̶ |
Spicular sheath (L × W) |
123-433 × 13-16
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-
|
- |
̶ |
# Specimen |
20
|
20
|
21 |
18 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
15 |
15 |
Reference |
Present study
|
Tamaru et al. (2015)Tamaru M, Yamaki S, Jimenez LA, Sato H. Morphological and molecular genetic characterization of three Capillaria spp. (Capillaria anatis, Capillaria pudendotecta, and Capillaria madseni) and Baruscapillaria obsignata (Nematoda: Trichuridae: Capillariinae) in avians. Parasitol Res 2015; 114(11): 4011-4022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4629-2. PMid:26204803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-462...
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Sakaguchi et al. (2020) Sakaguchi S, Yunus M, Sugi S, Sato H. Integrated taxonomic approaches to seven species of capillariid nematodes (Nematoda: Trichocephalida: Trichinelloidea) in poultry from Japan and Indonesia, with special reference to their 18S rDNA phylogenetic relationships. Parasitol Res 2020; 119(3): 957-972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544-y. PMid:31811424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544...
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Sakaguchi et al. (2020) Sakaguchi S, Yunus M, Sugi S, Sato H. Integrated taxonomic approaches to seven species of capillariid nematodes (Nematoda: Trichocephalida: Trichinelloidea) in poultry from Japan and Indonesia, with special reference to their 18S rDNA phylogenetic relationships. Parasitol Res 2020; 119(3): 957-972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544-y. PMid:31811424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544...
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Sakaguchi et al. (2020)Sakaguchi S, Yunus M, Sugi S, Sato H. Integrated taxonomic approaches to seven species of capillariid nematodes (Nematoda: Trichocephalida: Trichinelloidea) in poultry from Japan and Indonesia, with special reference to their 18S rDNA phylogenetic relationships. Parasitol Res 2020; 119(3): 957-972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544-y. PMid:31811424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544...
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Sakaguchi et al. (2020) Sakaguchi S, Yunus M, Sugi S, Sato H. Integrated taxonomic approaches to seven species of capillariid nematodes (Nematoda: Trichocephalida: Trichinelloidea) in poultry from Japan and Indonesia, with special reference to their 18S rDNA phylogenetic relationships. Parasitol Res 2020; 119(3): 957-972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544-y. PMid:31811424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06544...
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Yevstafieva et al. (2020)Yevstafieva VO, Stybel VV, Melnychuk VV, Pishchalenko MA, Korchan LN, Kone MS, et al. Morphometric analysis of Capillaria anatis (Nematoda, Capillariidae) from Anas platyrhynchos domesticus. Zoodiversity 2020; 54(6): 493-500. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2020.06.493. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2020.06.49...
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