Efeitos do pastejo alternado e simultâneo sobre a infecção de
                        endoparasitas em Ovinos e Bovinos

Brito, Daiana Lima; Dallago, Bruno Stéfano Lima; Louvandini, Helder; Santos, Viviane Rodrigues Verdolin dos; Torres, Sonia Emília Figueirêdo de Araújo; Gomes, Edgard Franco; Amarante, Alessandro Francisco Talamini do; Melo, Cristiano Barros de; McManus, Concepta Margaret

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612013000400007

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Full Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 22 (4) • Oct-Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612013000400007 linkcopiar

Efeitos do pastejo alternado e simultâneo sobre a infecção de endoparasitas em Ovinos e Bovinos

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

O experimento foi realizado em 8ha de pasto de Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, com pastejo rotacionado de 7 dias de ocupação e 21 dias de descanso. Quatro tratamentos foram avaliados: bovinos pastejando isoladamente (BOV), ovinos pastejando isoladamente (OVI), bovinos e ovinos pastejando simultaneamente (SIM), e bovinos pastejando previamente aos ovinos (alternado - ALT). Vinte novilhas e 30 cordeiros Santa Inês foram utilizados. Contagem de ovos nas fezes (FEC) e coproculturas foram realizados. Sangue também foi colhido para examinar a série vermelha e branca, proteínas plasmáticas totais (TPP), albumina e hemoglobina. FEC e índice de patogenicidade estimada de nematoides nos ovinos foram menores no tratamento SIM. A proporção de Haemonchus spp. foi maior nos sistemas isolados de pastejo. Para os ovinos, os sistemas consorciados apresentaram redução na infecção endoparasitária, sendo SIM melhor que ALT. Para os bovinos, nenhuma diferença entre os sistemas de pastejo foi verificado. Entretanto, o pastejo simultâneo (ovinos e bovinos) pode ser uma ferramenta para reduzir a necessidade de tratamentos anti-helmínticos em ovinos.

Especificidade de hospedeiro; contagem de ovos nas fezes; pastejo rotacionado; método de controle alternativo; Nematoda

Month	Precipitation (mm)¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);		Days with rain² 2 According to INMET (2013).	RH (%)² 2 According to INMET (2013).	Temperature¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);
Month	Mean^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Total	Days with rain² 2 According to INMET (2013).	RH (%)² 2 According to INMET (2013).	Mean^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Max	Min
January	9.6	297.4	22	81.1	21.8	27.4	16.1
February	9.5	266.7	18	80.2	21.8	27.4	16.2
March	8.3	257.6	21	79.2	21.4	27.1	15.7
April	6.4	191.8	16	83.5	21.5	28.1	14.9

Grazing system¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);	Cattle				Sheep
Grazing system¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);	Mean	SD	Max	Min	Mean	SD	Max	Min
SIM	22.3	57.9	300	0	107.4^a	255.3	2400	0
ALT	89.7	304.6	1800	0	296.5^b	462.0	3400	0
BOV	85.4	152.3	600	0	-	-	-	-
OVI	-	-	-	-	358.1^b	628.7	4000	0

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Haemonchus	Trichostrongylus	Cooperia	Oesophagostomum
Sheep	SIM	89.50^b	5.71^b	1.36^b	3.43^a
	ALT	84.70^c	11.27^a	1.91^a	1.90^b
	OVI	96.43^a	2.36^c	0.29^c	0.93^c
Cattle	SIM	0.50^c	83.25^a	1.50^c	13.63^b
	ALT	2.50^b	66.75^b	16.00^a	13.00^c
	BOV	13.50^a	65.13^c	4.63^b	14.25^a

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Haemonchus	Trichostrongylus	Cooperia (x10^-1)	Oesophagostomum	Total
Sheep	SIM	0.11^b	0.01^b	0.08^b	0.02^c	0.14^b
	ALT	0.30^a	0.06^a	0.31^a	0.10^a	0.44^a
	OVI	0.38^a	0.04^a	0.07^b	0.05^b	0.45^a
Cattle	SIM	0.00^b	0.59^a	0.23^b	0.23^b	0.82^a
	ALT	0.01^b	1.72^a	4.94^a	1.00^ab	2.62^a
	BOV	0.12^a	1.64^a	0.84^b	1.37^a	2.77^a

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Eosinophils (units/mL)	Hemoglobin (g/100 mL)	TPP (g/100 mL)	PCV (%)	Albumin (g/100 mL)
Sheep	SIM	1486.9^a	10.48^a	7.03^a	32.91^a	2.43^ab
	ALT	878.1^a	10.21^b	6.74^b	31.77^b	2.35^b
	OVI	1343.0^a	9.83^c	6.77^b	30.99^b	2.47^a
Cattle	SIM	1286.5^a	10.85^a	7.40^a	32.69^b	2.42^a
	ALT	1283.3^a	10.96^a	7.44^a	34.29^a	2.41^a
	BOV	1274.2^a	11.03^a	7.39^a	33.84^a	2.39^a

	FEC Sdea	Eosinophils	Hb	PPT	PCV	Albumin	Copro Tri	Copro Hae	Copro Coop	Copro Oes	PES Hae	PES Tri	PES Coop	PES Oes	Total PES
Eosinophils	0.06
	ns
Hb	−0.33	−0.12
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;
TPP	−0.23	0.18	0.33
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PCV	−0.34	−0.03	0.68	0.29
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Albumin	0.05	0.15	0.06	0.16	0.13
	ns	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^ P < 0.01;	^ P < 0.01;
Copro Tri	−0.21	0.10	0.24	0.43	0.27	−0.06
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns
Copro Hae	0.17	−0.16	−0.21	−0.44	−0.24	0.06	−0.95
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Copro Coop	0.02	0.26	0.06	0.37	0.14	0.05	0.46	−0.60
	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Copro Oes	−0.07	0.21	0.15	0.40	0.20	−0.03	0.75	−0.84	0.60
	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Hae	0.98	0.05	−0.34	−0.25	−0.34	0.07	−0.24	0.21	<−0.01	−0.08
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	ns
PES Tri	0,80	0.22	−0.25	−0.02	−0.20	0.07	0.16	−0.18	0.25	0.21	0.75
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Coop	0.60	0.24	−0.18	0.01	−0.13	0.03	0.13	−0.25	0.54	0.31	0.57	0.77
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	ns	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Oes	0.73	0.25	−0.23	<−0.01	−0.20	0.09	0.16	−0.23	0.33	0.35	0.70	0.90	0.82
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Total PES	0.90	0.10	−0.24	−0.12	−0.25	0.05	−0.08	0.04	0.11	0.05	0.88	0.91	0.74	0.87
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	ns	ns	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Week	0.38	0.47	−0.35	0.06	−0.24	0.16	0.07	−0.18	0.39	0.30	0.38	0.48	0.50	0.55	0.43
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;

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Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

[TFN01t01] ¹
According to Santos et al. (2011);

[TFN02t01] ²
According to INMET (2013).

[TFN03t01] ^*
Mean based on all days of month;

[TFN04t01] Max, maximum temperature; Min, minimum temperature; RH, relative humidity.