Antimicrobial activity of <i>Stomoxys calcitrans</i>against <i>Beauveria bassiana sensu lato</i> isolates

Moraes, Ana Paula Rodrigues de; Salles, Cristiane Martins Cardoso de; Bittencourt, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro; Bittencourt, Avelino José

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612015064

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 24 (3) • Jul-Sep 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612015064 copy

Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates

Atividade antimicrobiana de Stomoxys calcitranscontra isolados de Beauveria bassiana sensu lato

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This study had the aims of evaluating the antimicrobial characteristics of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae against the fungal isolates CG138, CG228 and ESALQ986 of Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). S. calcitrans eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to these same isolates. Statistical analysis showed that the immature stages of S. calcitrans were not susceptible to the fungal isolates used, regardless of the exposure method. Diffusion test on solid culture medium reveled that macerated S. calcitrans larvae exposed to isolate CG138 reduced CG138 fungal development. The analysis of the chromatographic profiles indicated that the macerate or mucus of larvae of the control group and the groups exposed to the isolate CG138 presented different profiles. Reduced development of the isolate CG138 on the larvae cuticle was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy.

Stomoxys calcitrans ; Beauveria bassiana ; antimicrobial activity; biological control

Isolates/Concentrations		First Assay
		Eggs ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Larvae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Pupae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Eggs ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Larvae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Pupae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.
		CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)
Control		0	0	0	0	0	0
CG 138	2x5⁵ con.ml^-1	-28.2	0	11.1	-18,5	12.0	4.0
	2x5⁶ con.ml^-1	-5.3	4.5	25.9	0	31.0	-3.9
	2x5⁷ con.ml^-1	-14.2	18.1	-7,4	3.7	32.0	0
	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	-3.6	4.5	11.1	7.4	28.0	4.0
CG 228	2x5⁵ con.ml^-1	10.7	-4.5	3.7	7.4	0	20.0
	2x5⁶ con.ml^-1	-8.9	-27.2	0	9.2	-12.0	12.0
	2x5⁷ con.ml^-1	7.1	-13.6	3.7	-33.3	8.0	-8.0
	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	8.9	4.5	11.1	0	20.0	-11.9
ESALQ 986	2x5⁵ con.ml^-1	-14.9	-3.6	-	17.6	6.7	-
	2x5⁶ con.ml^-1	8.9	-3.6	-	7.3	3.3	-
	2x5⁷ con.ml^-1	6.0	7.1	-	-4.4	13.3	-
	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	1.5	7.1	-	16.2	13.3	-

Isolates/Concentrations		First Assay
		Eggs ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Larvae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Eggs ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.	Larvae ^* * = No statistical difference between the mortality percentages in the treated groups and control group in each immature stage of Stomoxys calcitrans.
		CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)	CM (%)
Control		0	0	0	0
CG 138	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	-16.3	0	-21.8	-12.5
CG 228	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	-5.4	-11.5	-5.4	-16.7
ESALQ 986	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	-5.4	-7.7	0	-16.7

Larval Exposure Method	Isolate	Concentrations	Emergence
Larval Exposure Method	Isolate	Concentrations	First Assay	Second Assay
First^* * = No statistical difference between the emergence percentages in the treated groups and control group of Stomoxys calcitrans.	CG 138	Control	63.3	60.0
		2x5⁵ con.ml^-1	46.6	53.3
		2x5⁶ con.ml^-1	56.6	36.6
		2x5⁷ con.ml^-1	46.6	43.3
		2x5⁸con.ml^-1	63.3	43.3
	CG 228	Control	63.3	60.0
		2x5⁵ con.ml^-1	66.6	66.6
		2x5⁶ con.ml^-1	63.3	73.3
		2x5⁷ con.ml^-1	63.3	60.0
		2x5⁸con.ml^-1	60.0	53.3
	ESALQ 986	Control	80.0	90.0
		2x5⁵con.ml^-1	90.0	86.6
		2x5⁶con.ml^-1	90.0	73.3
		2x5⁷con.ml^-1	83.3	73.3
		2x5⁸con.ml^-1	86.6	86.6
Second^* * = No statistical difference between the emergence percentages in the treated groups and control group of Stomoxys calcitrans.	C	Control	76.6	80.0
	CG 138	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	83.3	76.6
	CG 228	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	86.6	86.6
	ESALQ 986	2x5⁸con.ml^-1	86.6	86.6

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
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[1] *Corresponding author: Avelino José Bittencourt. Departamento de Medicina, Instituto de Veterinária e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil. e-mail: bittenc@ufrrj.br