Fatores associados à infecção por <i>Leishmania</i> em cães e análise espacial no Sertão da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Braz, Beatriz Maria de Almeida; Leite, Denny Parente de Sá Barreto Maia; Silva, Raizza Barros Sousa; Silva, Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues da; Azevedo, Ana Clara de França Silva; Martins Filho, Erotides; Ramalho, Walter Massa; Melo, Marcia Almeida de

Beatriz Maria de Almeida Braz ^**Corresponding authors: Beatriz Maria de Almeida Braz; Marcia Almeida de Melo. E-mails: beatrizbraz89@hotmail.com; marcia.melo@ufcg.edu.br

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-1496

Denny Parente de Sá Barreto Maia Leite

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

Raizza Barros Sousa Silva

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues da Silva

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

Ana Clara de França Silva Azevedo

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

Erotides Martins Filho

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

Walter Massa Ramalho

Universidade de Brasília, UNB – Campus Ceilândia, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Marcia Almeida de Melo

Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Semiárido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil

*Corresponding authors: Beatriz Maria de Almeida Braz; Marcia Almeida de Melo. E-mails: beatrizbraz89@hotmail.com; marcia.melo@ufcg.edu.br

Variable	Category	N. of animals	Positives	Odds ratio	Confidence interval	P-value
Origin	Urban	75	8(10.6%)
Origin	Rural	75	20(26.6%)	3.04	1.28 - 7.84	0.01*
Level of schooling of the owner	Illiterate	12	3(25%)
Level of schooling of the owner	Any form of literacy	138	25(18.1%)	0.66	0.18 - 3.14	0.55
Income of the owner	Less than 2MS	91	14 (15.3%)
Income of the owner	2 or >2 MS	59	14(23.7%)	1.71	0.74 - 3.94	0.20*
Gender of the animal	Male	105	25(23.8%)
Gender of the animal	Female	45	3(6.6%)	0.22	0.05 - 0.70	0.02*
Age of the animal	6 months - 2 years	17	4 (23.5%)
Age of the animal	>2 Years	133	24(18%)	0.71	0.22 - 2.71	0.58
Breed	Mixed breed	132	27(20.4%)
Breed	Pure breed	18	1(5.5%)	0.22	0.01 - 1.19	0.16*
Type of rearing	Domiciliary	70	7(10%)
	Semi-domiciliary	62	17(27.4%)	3.4	1.34 - 9.42	0.01*
	Free	18	4(22.2%)	2.57	1.60 - 9.79	0.17*
Type of feed	Commercial feed	13	1(7.7%)
	Homemade food	125	26(20.8%)	3.15	0.57 – 58.71	0.28*
	Both	12	1(8.3%)
Contact with other animals	Yes	125	26(20.8%)	3.02	0.81 – 19.57	0.15*
Contact with other animals	No	25	2(8%)
Contact with equines	Yes	12	3(25%)	1.50	0.31 – 5.47	0.55
Contact with equines	No	138	25(18.1%)
Contact with wild animals	Yes	20	2(10%)	0.44	0.06 -1.67	0.29*
Contact with wild animals	No	130	26(20%)
Contact with felines	Yes	38	10(26.3%)	1.86	0.75 – 4.4	0.16*
Contact with felines	No	112	18(16%)
Contact with dogs	Yes	85	17(20%)	1.22	0.53 – 2.90	0.63
Contact with dogs	No	65	11(17%)
Contact with swines	Yes	17	2(11.7%)	0.54	0.08 – 2.11	0.44
Contact with swines	No	133	26(19.5%)
Contact with small ruminants	Yes	15	3(20%)	1.1	0.23 – 3.78	0.88
Contact with small ruminants	No	135	25(18.5%)
Contact with bovines	Yes	15	4(26.6%)	1.68	0.43 - 5.40	0.40
Contact with bovines	No	135	24(17.7%)
Contact with birds	Yes	84	21(25%)	2.80	1.15 - 7.57	0.02*
Contact with birds	No	66	7(10.6%)
In which environment is reared	Soil	93	21(22.5%)	0.20	0.17 - 0.46	0.12*
In which environment is reared	Cement	57	7(12.2%)
Execution of the cleansing of the environment	Yes	89	12(13.4%)	0.43	0.18 -1.00	0.05*
Execution of the cleansing of the environment	No	61	16(26.2%)
Variable	Category	N. of animals	Positives	Odds ratio	Confidence interval	P-value
Cleaning of the environment frequency	Does not perform	61	16(26.2%)
	Daily	63	8(12.6%)	0.40	0.15 -1.01	0.06*
	Weekly/Fortnightly/monthly	26	4(15.3%)	0.51	0.13 -1.59	0.27*
Vaccinated animal (Anti-rabies, viruses, CVL)	Yes	126	22(17.4%)
Vaccinated animal (Anti-rabies, viruses, CVL)	No	24	6(25%)	0.33	0.12 -0.79	0.38
Vermifugated animal	Yes	70	7(10%)	0.31	0.11 -0.75	0.01*
Vermifugated animal	No	80	21(26.2%)
Presence of ticks	Yes	115	21(18.2%)	0.89	0.35- 2.46	0.81
Presence of ticks	No	35	7(20%)
Has Always lived with the same owner	Yes	98	18(18.3%)	0.94	0.40 -2.29	0.89
Has Always lived with the same owner	No	52	10(2%)
Adopted	No	86	14(16.2%)
	From the streets	15	2(13.3%)	0.79	0.11 – 3.30	0.77
	Other owner	49	12(24.4%)	1.66	1.69 – 3.97	0.24*
Has Always lived in the same municipality	Yes	125	25(20%)	1.83	0.57 – 8.17	0.35
Has Always lived in the same municipality	No	25	3 (12%)
The animal hunts	Yes	18	6(33.3%)	2.5	0.79 – 7.19	0.09*
The animal hunts	No	132	22(16.6%)
Where does it sleep	Indoors	42	5(11.9%)
	Peridomicile	98	21(21.4%)	2.01	0.75 – 6.41	0.19*
	Street	10	2(20%)	1.85	0.23 – 10.46	0.50
How spends the night	Free/without collar	90	11(12.2%)	0.39	0.21 -0.68	0.01*
How spends the night	Tied	60	17(28.3%)
Travels	Yes	12	2(16.6%)	0.86	0.12 – 3.52	0.86
Travels	No	138	26(18.8%)
Repellent collar	Yes	1	-	7.51	0,00 – 0,00	0.99
Repellent collar	No	149	28(18.8%)

	Variable	Odds ratio CI (95%)	P-value
Risk factor	Origin (rural)	2.93 (1.18 – 7.92)	0.02
Protection factor	Vermifugated animal (yes)	0.30 (0.10 – 0.77)	0.01
Protection factor	How the animal spends the night (Free)	0.33 (0.13 – 0.80)	0.01

[1] *Corresponding authors: Beatriz Maria de Almeida Braz; Marcia Almeida de Melo. E-mails: beatrizbraz89@hotmail.com; marcia.melo@ufcg.edu.br

Brasil

Brasil

Fatores associados à infecção por Leishmania em cães e análise espacial no Sertão da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Resumo