Evaluation of abortions spontaneously induced by <i>Neospora caninum</i> and risk factors in dairy cattle from Lima, Peru

Serrano-Martínez, Marcos Enrique; Cisterna, Cesar Abel Burga; Romero, Roberto Carlos Evaristo; Huacho, Marco Antonio Quispe; Bermabé, Alessandra Matienzo; Albornoz, Luis Antonio Llanco

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612019026

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Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 28 (2) • Apr-Jun 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612019026 copy

Evaluation of abortions spontaneously induced by Neospora caninum and risk factors in dairy cattle from Lima, Peru

Avaliação de abortos induzidos espontaneamente por Neospora caninum e fatores de risco em bovinos leiteiros de Lima, Peru

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Our objective was to identify the direct and indirect presence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetuses from Lima, Peru. A total 219 blood samples obtained from dairy cattle with records of spontaneous abortion were collected to detect antibodies against N. caninum in serum with indirect ELISA and search for risk-factor associations. 68 fetal aborted tissue samples of these cows were analyzed by PCR, indirect ELISA and histopathology assay to detect N. caninum presence. The prevalence ratio (PR)

and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. Among the 68 aborted fetuses collected, 10 (15%) were positive in at least two diagnostic tests. Among 219 serum samples, 46.6% (95% CI: 40.0%-53.3%) were positive. Cows with 4 years or older (PR: 7.10; 95% CI: 4.89-10.67) and multiparous (PR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.11-2.80) were found to be more likely to possess N. caninum antibodies. This study detects presence of N. caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetus from Lima valley, suggesting biosecurity management improve to neosporosis control.

Keywords:
Aborts; neosporosis; bovine; diagnostic; Peru

N° Farm	N^o. Fetuses	ELISA	PCR	Histopathologic lesions according tissues recollected
N° Farm	N^o. Fetuses	ELISA	PCR	BRA	LUN	LIV	KID	HEA	TIM	SPL	BM	AG	INT	Autolysis (%)
1	1	-	+	-	-	AU	-	-	-	-	AU	-	AU	20
1	2	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	NR	-	NR	-
1	3	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	AU	-	-	10
2	4	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	AU	-	NR	10
4	5	+	+	-	-	AU	-	-	-	-	AU	-	-	20
4	6	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	NR	+	NR	-
4	7	-	+	-	-	-	-	AU	-	-	AU	-	-	20
5	8	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	AU	-	NR	10
5	9	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	NR	-
6	10	+	+	-	-	AU	-	-	-	-	AU	-	-	20
6	11	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	NR	-	AU	10
Total				5/11	1/11	2/11	1/11	4/11	1/11	0/11	0/11	1/11	0/11	8/11
%				45.4	9.1	18.2	9.1	36.4	9.1	0	0	9.1	0	72.7

		Fetuses (months)
		2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Total Positives
Diagnostic test	ELISA Histology	- -	- 1	4 2	2 1	1 1	1 -	1 -	1 -	10 5
Diagnostic test	PCR	1	1	4	2	1	1	-	1	11
Type of histologic lesion	Compatibles	-	1	2	1	1	-	-	-	5
	Non-specific	1	-	1	-	-	-	-	-	2
	NLO	-	-	1	1	-	1	-	1	4

Variable	Category	Positive		PR ^† † Prevalence ratio;	CI 95%	P ^* ***** Chi square p value.
Variable	Category	n ^ Sample elements	%	PR ^† † Prevalence ratio;	CI 95%	P ^* ***** Chi square p value.
Age	15-24 months	2	10	Reference
	2-4 years	24	26.1	2.67	0.67-5.18	0.168
	>4 years	76	71.0	7.10^* * p < 0.05, statistical differences with reference group;	4.89-10.67	<0.001
N° Births	First birth	14	29.2	Reference
N° Births	Multiparous	88	51.5	1.76*	1.11-2.80	0.017
Antibodies N. caninum	Negative	117	53.4	-	46.7-59.9	-
Antibodies N. caninum	Positive	102	46.6	-	40.0-53.3

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Marcos Enrique Serrano-Martínez. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Honorio Delgado Avenue, 430, Lima 31, Lima, Perú. e-mail: enrique.serrano@upch.pe