(McCain, 1986)1414 McCain GA. Role of Physical Fitness Training in the Fibrositis/Fibromyalgia
Syndrome. JAMA. 1986;81 Suppl3A:73–7. Canada |
Mean age: 42 years Groups: EG: Cardiovascular training (n = 12
♀ and 6 ♂) PG: Stretching (n = 16 ♀) |
Pain: - Dolorimetry ofChattillon to assess pain threshold on five
specific points (TP +); - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); - Diagram of pain. Fitness
test: - PWC-170 Cycle Test. |
Randomized clinical trial; reviews pre/post-intervention of 20
weeks. |
EG and PG: 60 sessions with three-weekly
frequency (duration not described). EG: Exercise in a cycle
ergometer maintaining a minimal of 150 bpm. PG: General
flexibility exercises. |
Improvement in all the aspects evaluated in both groups, with
higher gains obtained in the cardiovascular training group. |
(Jones et al., 2002)1515 Jones KD, Burckhardt CS, Clark SR, Bennett RM, Potempa KM. A randomized
controlled trial of muscle strengthening versus flexibility training in fibromyalgia. J
Rheumatol. 2002;29, 1041:8. USA |
Mean age: 48 years Groups: EG: Strengthening (n = 28 ♀) CG:
Stretching (n = 28 ♀) |
Pain: - Dolorimetry of Fisher to assess the number of positive
tender points (TP +) and pain threshold (PT); - Total score of PT; - Visual
Analogue Scale (VAS). Quality of life: - Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ);
- Quality of life scale (QOLS). Depression: - Beck Depression Questionnaire.
Anxiety: - Beck Anxiety Questionnaire. Self-efficacy: - Arthritis Self-efficacy
Scale. Muscle force: - Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee flexors and
extensors and internal and external shoulder rotators with an isokinetic
dynamometer. Flexibility: - Functional testing of internal and external shoulder
rotators. Body composition: - Fat (caliper); - Weight (kg). |
Randomized clinical trial; Reviews 2 weeks before and 2 weeks after
12-week intervention. |
EG and CG:Educational meeting, followed by
24 sessions of general exercises, lasting 60 minutes and biweekly frequency, in
which: GE: initial 5 minutes for heating (walking +
stretching), followed by 45 minutes of strengthening exercises with evolution of
load and number of repetitions (4-5 up to 12) and 10 minutes of deceleration +
stretching. GC: initial 10 minutes of walking, followed by
40 minutes of stretching (medium intensity of discomfort) and 10 minutes of
relaxation. |
GE:The strengthening group showed
improvement in 12 evaluated measures (total score of PT, VAS, MVC of knee
flexion/extension and shoulder rotations, functional flexibility tests, FIQ, Beck
Scale, QOLS and self-efficacy scale). GC:The stretching
group showed improvement in six of the nine measurements (MVC of knee extension
and shoulder rotations, functional tests of flexibility and self-efficacy scale).
Comparison between groups:There was no significant
difference between the post-test results. |
(Matsutani et al., 2007)1616 Matsutani LA, Marques AP, Ferreira EAG, Assumpção A, Lage LV, Casarotto RA,
et al. Effectiveness of muscle stretching exercises with and without laser therapy at
tender points for patients with fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol.
2007;25:410–5. Brazil |
Mean age: 45 years Groups: EG: Stretching/Laser (n = 10 ♀)
CG: Stretching (n = 10 ♀) |
Pain: - Dolorimetry of Fisher to assess the number of positive
tender points positive (TP +); - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Quality of life: -
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ); - SF-36. |
Randomized clinical trial; reviews pre/post-5-week
intervention. |
EG and CG: initial educational guidelines
and in 10 treatment sessions lasting 1 hour and with biweekly frequency.
EG: Application of laser in tender points (3 J/cm
2, 830 nm, 30 mW) and general stretching exercises.
CG: general stretching exercises. |
Improvement in all aspects evaluated, with no difference between
the intervention groups. |
(Berssaneti & Marques, 2010)1010 Berssaneti AA. Exercícios de alongamento e fortalecimento muscular no
tratamento de pacientes com fibromialgia: um ensaio clínico randomizado [tese de
doutorado]. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina;
2010. Brazil |
Mean age: 46 years Groups: EG1: Stretching (n = 14 ♀) EG2:
Strengthening (n = 16 ♀) CG: No treatment (n = 14 ♀) |
Pain: - Dolorimetry of Fisher to assess pain threshold on tender
points (PT) and number of positive tender points (TP +); - Visual Analogue Scale
(VAS). Symptoms: - Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Quality of life: -
SF-36. Flexibility: - 3rd finger-floor Test (3FF). Muscle force: - Maximum
voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) of the knee flexors and extensors with load
cell (EMG System of Brazil). |
Randomized clinical trial; reviews pre/post-12-week
intervention. |
GE: educational guidelines in 24 general exercise sessions, lasting
40 minutes and biweekly frequency, in which: EG1: initially 3 sets of 30 seconds,
increasing monthly until 5 series; medium intensity of discomfort. EG2: 1 set of 8
reps initially unloaded, with addition of 0.5 kg weekly, since the patient
presents Borg Scale = 13. CG: Patient revised after 12 weeks, without
intervention. |
SG1: Improvement in variables: PT, 3FF,
fatigue, sleep, stiffness, FIQ total score, functional capacity, vitality, mental
health, pain and physical and emotional totals of SF-36.
EG2: Improvement in variables: PT, TP+, 3FF, MVC of knee
flexion, fatigue, sleep, stiffness, anxiety, depression, FIQ total score,
functional capacity, vitality, mental health and emotional total of SF-36.
GC: No improvement. Comparison between
groups:stretching and strengthening exercises significantly improve
pain, FM symptoms and quality of life and can be considered complementary, because
they act on different aspects. |