This study aimed to assess the effect of the fruit harvesting stage process and the post-harvest resting period in the quality of castor bean seeds (Ricinus communis L.) AL Guarany 2002. Nine assessments were made on racemes, from 30 to the 142 days after anthesis (DAA), at 14-day intervals and four resting period conditions: without and with a 7-day resting period of seeds extracted (bare) of fruits and fruits attached to the raceme. The fruit colour and seed were then assessed: the water content, dry matter, seed germination percentage and vigour (germination first count, speed emergence index and electric conductivity). Seeds with maximum physiological quality and dry matter were obtained from fruit harvested at 86 DAA. The harvest can be carried out up to 128 DAA without reducing germination, but with losses due to falling fruit, seed dispersal to 100 days and reductions in vigour. The rest period allowed the harvest to be brought forward to 72 DAA without detriment to the germination percentage and dry matter, but with reductions in vigor. The colour of the fruits, seeds, and seed water content were effective parameters for the identification of the harvest point, particularly if used together.
physiological maturity; colour; germination; vigour; rates of maturation
