Nowadays, scientists are paying special attention to the increasing prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities, especially metabolic syndrome. This is due to observation of the spread of this syndrome from one generation to another and the growing number of obese pregnant women, which seems to exacerbate this situation. It is not yet well established whether the pathophysiological process underlying metabolic syndrome, namely insulin resistance, is due to changes in the receptor or in the cascade of intracellular processes. This narrative review aims to report on physiological and pathological changes occurring in pregnancy and the presence of Insulin receptor, Insulin Growth Factor-I receptor and the hybrid receptor, focusing on the presence of hyperinsulinemia in the growth and development of fetuses susceptible to metabolic syndrome.
Obesity; Metabolic syndrome; Insulin; Fetal development