Association between gestational weight gain and birth weight: NISAMI Cohort

Santana, Jerusa da Mota; Assis, Ana Marlucia Oliveira; Alves, Wilanne Pinheiro de Oliveira; Santos, Djanilson Barbosa dos

doi:10.1590/1806-93042020000200005

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. 20 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000200005 copy

Association between gestational weight gain and birth weight: NISAMI Cohort

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objectives:

this study aims to evaluate the association between gestational weight gain and the weight of newborns from one municipality in Recôncavo Baiano region.

Methods:

this is a prospective cohort (NISAMI Cohort), conducted with 185 pregnant women living in the urban area of the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, using the prenatal service of the Family Health Units, between April 2012 and June 2013. The pregestationalBMI and the third trimester of pregnancy were used to assess maternal anthropometric status.Birth weight data were collected from the Epidemiological Surveillance of the municipality. Stata 12.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate to assess the association.

Results:

among the 185 women evaluated, 33.5% presented inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. The prevalence of inadequate birth weight was 20% (birth weight ≤ 2.999g and ≥ 4.000 g).

It was observed that inadequate weight gain during pregnancy is considered an embarrassing factor for birth weight (OR= 2.6; CI95%= 1.5-3.5); adjusted for the following variables: alcohol consumption, duration of pregnancy, and gestational complications.

Conclusion:

the research results suggest that weight gain throughout pregnancy influences the weight of the conceptus, indicating the need for nutritional interventions in all trimesters of pregnancy, promoting a healthy weight gain throughout the gestational cycle.

Key words:
Gestational weight gain; Child health; Maternal and child health

Variables	N	%
Maternal age (years)
≥35	52	28.1
<35	133	71.9
Maternal education
<High school	159	85.9
≥High school	26	14.1
Family income (minimum wage)
≤1	46	24.9
>1	139	75.1
Color
White	30	16.2
Brown/black	155	83.8
Smoking
Smoker/ex-smokers	16	8.6
Non-smoker	169	91.4
Alcohol consumption
Yes	24	13
No	161	87
Physical activity
No	169	91.4
Yes	16	8.6
Number of pregnancies
Primiparous	140	75.7
Multiparous	45	24.3
Gestational complications
Yes	49	26.5
No	136	73.5
Pre-gestational anthropometric status
Overweight	82	44.0
Eutrophy/thinness	103	56.0
Gestational anthropometric status
Overweight	89	48.1
Eutrophy/thinness	96	51.9
Total gestation weight gain
Inappropriate	62	33.5
Suitable	123	66.5
Gender of the child
Male	90	48.6
Female	95	51.4

Characteristics	Adequate birth weight		Inadequate birth weight		p
Characteristics	n	%	n	%	p
Total gestation weight gain
Inadequate	81	54.7	26	70.2	^* * Pearson´s Chi-square test. <0.001
Adequate	67	45.3	11	29.8
Maternal education
<High school	22	14.9	4	10.8	0.4
≥High school	126	85.1	33	89.2
Maternal age (years)
≥35	104	70.3	29	78.4	0.2
<35	44	29.7	8	21.6
Income (minimum wage)
≤1	114	77	25	67.6	0.2
>1	34	23	12	32.4
Color
Brown/black	122	15.9	32	86.5	0.5
White	23	84.1	5	13.5
Smoking
Smoker/ex-smokers	12	8.1	33	89.2	0.4
Non-smoker	136	91.8	4	10.8
Alcohol consumption
Yes	134	90.5	27	73	^* * Pearson´s Chi-square test. <0.001
No	14	9.5	10	27
Physical activity
No	136	91.9	33	89.2	0.4
Yes	12	8.1	4	10.8
Number of pregnancies
Primiparous	74	50	17	45.9	0.2
Multiparous	74	50	20	54.1
Gestational complications
Yes	33	22.3	21	56.8	^* * Pearson´s Chi-square test. <0.001
No	115	77.7	16	43.2
Pre-gestational anthropometric status
Overweight	66	44.6	15	40.5	0.4
Eutrophy/thinness	82	55.4	22	59.5
Gestational anthropometric status
Overweight	39	26.4	13	35.1	0.2
Eutrophy/thinness	109	73.6	24	69.9
Duration of pregnancy (weeks)
<37	140	94.6	28	75.7	^* * Pearson´s Chi-square test. <0.001
≥37	8	5.4	9	24.3
Sex of the child
Male	75	50.7	15	40.5	0.2
Female	73	49,3	22	59,5

Variables	N	Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis
Variables	N	OR	CI95%	OR	CI95%
Total gestation weight gain
Inadequate	62	2.2	1.2-3.9	2.6^ Adjusted for alcohol consumption, gestational complications, and pregnancy duration.	1.5-3.5
Adequate	123
Alcohol consumption
Yes	24	3.5	1.4-8.8	3.5	1.1-5.5
No	161
Gestational complications
Yes	49	2.6	1.2-5.6	2.6	1.1-5.3
No	136
Duration of pregnancy (weeks)
<37	17	5.6	2.0-5.2	3.7	1.3-5.0
≥37	168

Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira Rua dos Coelhos, 300. Boa Vista, 50070-550 Recife PE Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 81 2122-4141 - Recife - PR - Brazil
E-mail: revista@imip.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Authors' contribution

Santana JM and Santos DB contributed to the design of the project, analysis and interpretation of data, preparation and critical review of the article. Assis AMO participated in the project design and critical review of the article. Alves WPO collaborated in the preparation and critical review of the article. All authors approved the final version of the article.