Factors associated with workplace insecurity in brazilian Unified Health System’s oral health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Silva, Raul Anderson Domingues Alves da; Calvasina, Paola Gondim; Martins, Pollyanna; Teixeira, Ana Karine Macedo

doi:10.1590/2317-6369/18321en2024v49e2

Raul Anderson Domingues Alves da Silva

Study project

Design

Data collection

Analysis

Interpretation

Article writing

Critical review of the article

Approved the final version of the manuscript

Assume full responsibility for the published work

Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

Centro Universitário Christus, Curso de Odontologia. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-3595

Paola Gondim Calvasina

Study project

Design

Data collection

Analysis

Interpretation

Article writing

Critical review of the article

Approved the final version of the manuscript

Assume full responsibility for the published work

Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Odontologia. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-6205

Pollyanna Martins

Study project

Design

Data collection

Analysis

Interpretation

Article writing

Critical review of the article

Approved the final version of the manuscript

Assume full responsibility for the published work

Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família. Sobral, CE, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-1949

Ana Karine Macedo Teixeira

Study project

Design

Data collection

Analysis

Interpretation

Article writing

Critical review of the article

Approved the final version of the manuscript

Assume full responsibility for the published work

Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-1813

Contact: Raul Anderson Domingues Alves da Silva. E-mail: raul.silva@unichristus.edu.br

Conflicts of interest:

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Editor-in-chief:

Eduardo Algranti.

	n	%
Procedures provided to patients
Regular care	16	2.0
Dental emergency only	742	92.6
Other procedures: health surveillance/health promotion/teledentistry/administrative actions	33	5.4
Average number of patients per day
None	103	12.8
1 to 4	578	72.2
5 or more	120	15.0
Received all recommended PPE (n=777)
Yes	203	26.1
No	574	73.9
Received COVID-19 dental guidelines
Yes	750	93.6
No	51	6.4
Source of guidelines (n=716)
Official source	440	61.4
Unofficial source	276	38.6
Safety in dental procedure
Yes	335	41.8
No	466	58.2
Causes of insecurity (n=466)
Incomplete PPE	166	35.6
Fear of contamination	272	58.4
Other	28	6.0
COVID-19 case notification
Yes	36	4.5
No	765	95.5
Isolation after contact with a patient with COVID-19
Yes	72	9.0
No	729	91.0
Confirmed COVID-19 infection
Yes	26	3.2
No	775	96.8
Method of COVID-19 diagnosis (n=26)
Rapid test	13	50.0
Serological test	8	30.7
Molecular Biology (PCR)	5	19.3

	Workplace safety				p value*	OR (95%CI)
	Yes		No
	n	%	n	%
Professional category
Dental technician/assistant	90	41.3	128	58.7	0.850	0.98 (0.81; 1.18)
Dental surgeon	245	42.0	338	58.0	0.850	0.98 (0.81; 1.18)
Training time
Up to 10 years	226	45.8	267	54.2	0.004	1.20 (1.08; 1.54)
10 years or more	109	35.4	199	64.6	0.004	1.20 (1.08; 1.54)
Level of attention of dental surgeon
Primary attention	173	38.7	274	61.3	0.038	0.75 (0.58; 0.96)
Secondary attention	39	51.3	37	48.7	0.038	0.75 (0.58; 0.96)
Location
Fortaleza and metropolitan region	25	33.3	50	66.7	0.117	1.28 (0.92; 1.78)
Interior of the state	310	42.7	416	57.3	0.117	1.28 (0.92; 1.78)
Employment relationship
Contractor	226	52.2	207	47.8	<0.001	1.76 (1.47; 2.11)
Formal agreement	109	29.6	259	70.4	<0.001	1.76 (1.47; 2.11)
Procedures performed
Only dental emergency	311	4.9	431	58.1	0.723	1.20 (0.43; 3.34)
Regular dental care	6	37.5	10	62.5	0.723	1.20 (0.43; 3.34)
Regular dental care	6	37.5	10	62.5	0.658	1.23 (0.48; 3.17)
Other procedures: health surveillance/health promotion/teledentistry/administrative actions	12	36.3	21	63.7	0.658	1.23 (0.48; 3.17)
Average number of patients per day
1 to 4	235	40.7	343	59.3	0.059	0.68 (0.46; 1.01)
5 or more	60	50.0	60	50.0	0.059	0.68 (0.46; 1.01)
Received all recommended PPE
Yes	112	55.2	91	44.8	<0.001	1.49 (1.26; 1.76)
No	212	36.9	362	63.1	<0.001	1.49 (1.26; 1.76)
Received COVID-19 guidelines
Yes	330	44.0	420	56.0	<0.001	4.48 (1.94; 10.35)
No	5	9.8	46	90.2	<0.001	4.48 (1.94; 10.35)
Source of guidelines
Official source	216	49.1	224	50.9	0.001	1.36 (1.13; 1.63)
Unofficial source	99	36.0	176	64.0	0.001	1.36 (1.13; 1.63)

	PPE				p value*	OR (95%CI)
	Yes		No
	n	%	n	%
Professional category
Dental technician/assistant	34	15.7	182	84.3	<0.001	1.20 (1.11; 1.30)
Dental surgeon	169	30.1	392	69.9	<0.001	1.20 (1.11; 1.30)
Level of attention of dental surgeon
Primary attention	120	27.1	322	72.9	0.357	1.08 (0.90; 1.30)
Secondary attention	20	32.8	41	67.2	0.357	1.08 (0.90; 1.30)
Location
Fortaleza and metropolitan region	43	61.4	27	38.6	<0.001	2.00 (1.48; 2.70)
Interior of the state	160	22.6	547	77.4	<0.001	2.00 (1.48; 2.70)
Employment relationship
Contractor	105	25.2	312	74.8	0.518	1.02 (0.94; 1.11)
Formal agreement	98	27.2	262	72.8	0.518	1.02 (0.94; 1.11)
Received COVID-19 guidelines
Yes	194	26.6	536	73.4	0.261	0.90 (0.78; 1.05)
No	9	19.1	38	80.9	0.261	0.90 (0.78; 1.05)

	p*	OR (95%CI)	p adjusted**	OR (95%CI) adjusted
Longer training time	0.004	1.20 (1.08; 1.54)	0.016	1.90 (1.12; 3.20)
Secondary attention professionals	0.038	0.75 (0.58; 0.96)	0.039	0.52 (0.28; 0.96)
Worked in Fortaleza and the metropolitan region	0.117	1.28 (0.92; 1.78)	0.532	1.26 (0.60; 2.64)
Formal employment relationship	<0.001	1.76 (1.47; 2.11)	0.011	1.85 (1.15; 2.99)
Did not receive all PPE	<0.001	1.49 (1.26; 1.76)	0.009	1.84 (1.16; 2.91)
Did not receive COVID-19 guidelines	<0.001	4.48 (1.94; 10.35)	0.283	1.28 (0.92; 1.78)
Guidelines from unofficial sources	0.001	1.36 (1.13; 1.63)	0.188	1.31 (0.85; 1.97)

	p*	OR (95%CI)	p adjusted**	OR (95%CI) adjusted
Dental technicians and assistants	<0.001	1.20 (1.11;1.30)	0.001	2.13 (1.34;3.40)
Primary attention professionals	0.357	1.08 (0.90;1.30)	0.494	0.80 (0.43;1.49)
Worked in the interior of the state	<0.001	2.00 (1.48;2.70)	<0.001	5.38 (3.00;9.64)
Contractor or formal employment relationship	0.518	1.02 (0.94;1.11)	0.115	0.84 (0.55;1.26)
Received COVID-19 guidelines	0.261	0.90 (0.78;1.05)	0.348	0.36 (0.45;2.99)

[1] Contact: Raul Anderson Domingues Alves da Silva. E-mail: raul.silva@unichristus.edu.br

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Factors associated with workplace insecurity in brazilian Unified Health System’s oral health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

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Conclusion: