Cassava bagasse and annatto colorific (<i>Bixa orellana</i> L.) in diets for slow-growing broilers from 30 to 90 days of age

Parente, Iberê Pereira; Albino, Luiz Fernando Teixeira; Rodrigues, Kênia Ferreira; Vaz, Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira; Sousa, Luciano Fernandes; Fonseca, Flávia Luzia Rodrigues; Silva, Mônica Calixto da; Campos-Alves, Carla Fonseca; Noleto, Raiana Almeida

doi:10.1590/S1519-99402018000100006

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Nutrição Animal • Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim. 19 (1) • Jan-Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402018000100006 copy

Cassava bagasse and annatto colorific (Bixa orellana L.) in diets for slow-growing broilers from 30 to 90 days of age

Bagaço de mandioca e colorífico de urucum (Bixa orellana L.) em dietas para frangos de crescimento lento de 30 a 90 dias de idade

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

The performance and breast skin color of slow-growing broilers from 30 to 90 days old fed diets with different inclusions of cassava bagasse and annatto colorific were evaluated. 308 slow-growing broilers were used in a completely randomized experimental design, in a factorial scheme with an additional treatment 3 X 2 + 1, with three levels of annatto colorific as a pigmentant agent (1%, 2% and 3%), two levels of cassava bagasse (10% and 20%) and an additional treatment (control diet), totaling seven treatments, four replicates and 11 broilers per experimental unit. Feed intake and feed conversion were affected by treatments, with interaction. The weight gain and final weight were influenced by the treatments and the best results were found for the inclusion of 10% cassava bagasse and 2% annatto colorific. There was no effect of treatment and no interaction on carcass yield. The color parameters L*, a* and b* were not influenced by treatments. The inclusion of 10% cassava bagasse and 1% annatto colorific for slow-growing broilers from 30 to 90 days of age is recommended. However, the use of these ingredients proved to be economically unfeasible.

Keywords:
backyard poultry; by-products; nutrition; pigments

Ingredients	Control diet	Treatments
		10 % Cassava bagasse			20% Cassava bagasse
		Annatto colorific inclusion
		1%	2%	3%	1%	2%	3%
Corn	79.06	64.73	62.72	60.71	50.06	48.06	46.05
Soybean meal 45%	18.35	19.46	19.78	20.10	21.79	22.11	22.42
Cassava bagasse	0.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	20.00	20.00	20.00
Soybean oil	0.00	2.49	3.19	3.88	4.84	5.53	6.22
Annatto colorific	0.00	1.00	2.00	3.00	1.00	2.00	3.00
Limestone	1.00	0.62	0.62	0.62	0.60	0.60	0.60
Dicalcium phosphate	0.81	0.84	0.85	0.85	0.86	0.87	0.87
Salt	0.36	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.38	0.38	0.38
L- Lysine HCL, 79%	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.19	0.17	0.16	0.15
DL –Methionine, 99%	0.12	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.17	0.17	0.18
L-Threonine, 98%	0.00	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Supplement¹ 1 Mineral and vitamin supplement; composition/ton: Manganese 18,175 mg, Zinc 17,500 mg, Iron 11,250 mg, Copper 2,000 mg, Iodine 187.50 mg, Selenium 75 mg, Vitamin K3 360 mg, Vitamin B1 436.50 mg, Vitamin B2 4,300 mg, Vitamin B6 624 mg, Vitamin B12 2,400 mg, Folic acid 200 mg, Pantothenic acid 3.120 mg, Niacin 8,400 mg, Biotin 10,000 mg, Choline 78,102.01 mg, Antioxidant additive 25,000 mg.	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Calculated nutritional composition
ME (kcal/kg)	3100	3100	3100	3100	3100	3100	3100
Crude protein (%)	14.77	14.34	14.32	14.31	14.37	14.35	14.33
Calcium (%)	0.64	0.51	0.51	0.51	0.51	0.51	0.51
Available P (%)	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24
Total Lysine (%)	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85
Total Met.+ Cys.(%)	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61
Total Methionine (%)	0.35	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.38	0.38	0.38
Total Threonine (%)	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58
Total Tryptophan (%)	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.17	0.17	0.17
Sodium (%)	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
Potassium (%)	0.57	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.54
Crude fiber (%)	2.56	3.49	3.48	3.47	4.50	4.49	4.47

Item	ANC Levels	Cassava bagasse levels			Control	CB	ANC	CB x ANC	CV (%)
		10%	20%	Average	Probabilities
Feed intake (kg/bird)	1%	7.43^aA	7 07^aB^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	7.25	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	7.25^bA	6.63^bB^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	6.94	-	0.0001	<0.0001	0.00274	2.31
	3%	6.72^cA^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	6.74^bA^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	6.73	-
	Average	7.13	6.81	-	7.37
Weight gain (kg/bird)	1%	2.19	2.00^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.09^b	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	2.25^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.13	2.19ᵃ	-	<0.0001	0.0001	NS	2.89
	3%	2.12	1.94^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.03^c	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	2.18^A	2.02^B	-	2.17	-	-	-	-
Feed conversion (kg/kg)	1%	3.39^bA	3.52^bB^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	3.45	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	3.22^aB^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	3.11^aA^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	3.16	-	0.0208	<0.0001	0.0029	3.12
	3%	3.17^aA^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	3.46^bB	3.31	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	3.26	3.36	-	3.39	-	-	-	-
Final weight (kg)	1%	2.81	2.62^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.72^b	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	2.87^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.75	2.81ᵃ	-	<0.0001	0.0002	NS	2.30
	3%	2.74	2.56^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05). Means followed by different lowercase letters in the columns differ by the Student's t-test (P<0.05).	2.65^c	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	2.80^A	2.64^B	-	2.79	-	-	-	-
Carcass yield (%)	1%	76.10	76.27	76.18	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	77.40	76.87	77.13	-	NS	NS	NS	1.80
	3%	76.08	75.89	75.98	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	76.52	76.34	-	76.45	-	-	-	-

Item	ANC Levels	Cassava bagasse levels			Control	CB	ANC	CB x ANC	CV (%)
		10%	20%	Average	Probabilities
L^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05).	1%	70.75	70.21	70.48	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	71.10	69.54	70.32	-	NS	NS	NS	1.75
	3%	70.75	71.24	70.99	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	70.86	70.33	-	69.58	-	-	-	-
a^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05).	1%	2.71	2.79	2.75	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	2.63	2.37	2.5	-	NS	NS	NS	28.1
	3%	3.30	1.66	2.48	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	2.88	2.27	-	3.03	-	-	-	-
b^* * Means differ from the control by the Dunnett's test (P<0.05).	1%	31.00	30.81	30.90	-	-	-	-	-
	2%	31.60	30.88	31.24	-	NS	NS	NS	10.9
	3%	30.27	28.98	29.62	-	-	-	-	-
	Average	30.95	30.22	-	29.96	-	-	-	-

Variables	Control diet	Treatments
		10 % Cassava bagasse			20% Cassava bagasse
		Annatto colorific inclusion
		1%	2%	3%	1%	2%	3%
Feed cost¹ 1 Considering the following prices: Corn = R$ 0.59/kg; Soybean meal = R$ 1.30/kg; Cassava bagasse = R$ 0.63/kg; Annatto colorific = R$ 8.00/kg; Dicalcium phosphate = R$ 2.77/kg; Soybean oil = R$ 2.49/kg; Limestone = R$ 0.43/kg; Salt = 0.80/kg; DL-Methionine = R$ 11.87/kg; L-Lysine HCl = R$ 6.67/kg; L-Threonine = R$ 6.76/kg; Mineral and vitamin supplement = R$ 9.00/kg. (R$/kg)	0.77	0.91	1.00	1.09	0.98	1.07	1.16
Feed cost per kg of weight gain (R$/kg)	2.62	3.09	3.22	3.45	3.45	3.31	4.017
Gross margin² 2 Considering the price of a live chicken at the local market on November 16th 2011 of R$ 8.0/kg. (R$/kg)	5.38	4.91	4.78	4.55	4.55	4.69	3.98

UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia Avenida Adhemar de Barros nº 500 - Ondina , CEP 41170-110 Salvador-BA Brasil, Tel. 55 71 32836725, Fax. 55 71 32836718 - Salvador - BA - Brazil
E-mail: rbspa@ufba.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Endereço para correspondência: iberepereira@hotmail.com