The genetic improvement programs of honeybees Apis mellifera are an essential and important tool for the success and development of the beekeeping industry. Hence, the use of other tools such as instrumental insemination, management practices, and exchange of queens are necessary to allow production increase. The diversity of climates in Brazil along with the ease of producing different products makes Brazil a country with great opportunities in the field of international beekeeping. Breeding programs on a large scale need to be made from mass populations, in other words, a breeding program should start from a large number of hives to be selected. With the purpose of developing and designing a breeding program that aims to increase production levels and thus increase the average yield per colony in general. Some features may be used to select the hives as propolis production, the quality of propolis collected, as well as some other features: hygienic behavior, rate of varroa infestation and incidence of Nosema. This ensures the best selection of hives as the basis of genetic improvement program. Additionally, standardization of management practices, constant exchange of queens, production of drones, continuous evaluation of production and insemination practices are contained in the apiaries of the breeding program in propolis.
hygienic behavior; insemination; production of queens; selection