Two trials were conducted to study the effects of different levels of urea or cottonseed hulls on yield of microbial protein, estimated by the urinary excretion of purine derivatives, concentration of plasma urea, and excretion of urea in steers. In the first trial, 24 crossbred castrated steers averaging 300 kg of initial live weight (LW) were uniformly assigned to four treatments in a complete randomized design as follows: 0, 0.65, 1.30, or 1.95% of urea (% of dry matter) that replaced soybean meal in the diet. In the second study, 16 crossbred steers averaging 230 kg of initial LW were uniformly assigned to four treatments in a complete randomized design as follows: 0, 10, 20, or 30% of cottonseed hulls (% of dry matter) that replaced elephant grass silage in the diet. Spot urine samples were obtained and the concentration of purine derivatives (allantoin plus uric acid) determined. Concentrations of creatinine and urea were analyzed in both blood plasma and urine. No significant differences in the urinary concentration of purine derivatives and in the estimation of microbial protein yield were observed by feeding different levels of urea or cottonseed hulls to steers. Similarly, no significant differences in the concentration of plasma urea and in the urinary excretion of urea were found by increasing the proportions of urea in the diet. However, concentration of plasma urea decreased linearly by replacing elephantgrass silage with cottonseed hulls in the second trial. It can be concluded that urea as well as cottonseed hulls can be included up to 1.95 and 30% of the diet dry matter, respectively, with no significant change in the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis.
allantoin; creatinine; microbial efficiency; uric acid
