Supplemental protease improves <i>in vitro</i> disappearance of dry matter and crude protein in feather meal and copra meal for pigs

Ha, Dong Uk; Choi, Hyunjun; Kim, Beob Gyun

doi:10.37496/rbz4920200095

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Non-Ruminants • R. Bras. Zootec. 49 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920200095 copy

Supplemental protease improves in vitro disappearance of dry matter and crude protein in feather meal and copra meal for pigs

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of supplemental protease on in vitro disappearance of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in feed ingredients for pigs. The test ingredients were three sources of feather meal (FM 1, FM 2, and FM 3), meat and bone meal, soybean meal, corn dried distillers grains with solubles, copra meal (CM), palm kernel meal, wheat, and corn. In experiment 1, in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of DM and CP were determined to represent the digestion and absorption of the stomach and small intestine of pigs. In experiment 2, in vitro total tract disappearance (IVTTD) of DM was determined to represent the digestion and absorption of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine of pigs. The control group had 99% of a test ingredient and 1% of wheat bran. Protease originating from Bacillus spp. was supplemented to the control diet at the expense of wheat bran to make a treatment group (100,000 U/kg of sample). Protease supplementation increased the IVID of DM in FM 1 (39.8 vs. 37.5%) and CM (45.0 vs. 42.2%). In the protease supplementation group, the IVID of CP also increased in FM 1 (48.0 vs. 43.8%) and CM (85.3 vs. 77.5%). The supplemental protease increased the IVTTD of DM in FM 1 (43.9 vs. 42.1%), FM 3 (55.6 vs. 52.7%), and meat and bone meal (85.9 vs. 84.3%). Therefore, nutrient utilization of FM and CM can be improved by supplemental protease originating from Bacillus spp. based on in vitro assays.

Keywords:
digestibility; enzyme; feed additive; pig

Item	Dry matter	Ash	Crude protein	NDF	ADF
Feather meal 1	96.5	2.5	88.0	–	–
Feather meal 2	97.0	1.8	77.3	–	–
Feather meal 3	94.8	2.2	72.1	–	–
Meat and bone meal	95.4	36.9	46.8	–	–
Soybean meal	90.1	6.4	48.5	9.8	6.7
Corn dried distillers grains with solubles	88.8	6.0	27.3	37.7	13.3
Copra meal	89.6	6.9	21.8	54.1	32.1
Palm kernel meal	91.0	4.4	14.9	65.5	47.1
Wheat, hard red	91.9	1.5	11.8	13.6	6.9
Corn, yellow dent	88.1	1.5	9.1	9.8	6.0

Item	Supplemental protease² 2 Supplemental protease was supplemented at 1.0% (100,000 U/kg of mixed sample).		SEM	P-value
Item	0%	1%	SEM	P-value
Feather meal 1	37.5	39.8	0.30	0.006
Feather meal 2	43.9	45.0	0.67	0.320
Feather meal 3	55.1	55.0	0.58	0.912
Meat and bone meal	69.0	69.7	1.96	0.810
Soybean meal	74.8	75.1	0.33	0.558
Corn dried distillers grains with solubles	50.6	51.7	0.86	0.394
Copra meal	42.2	45.0	0.43	0.020
Palm kernel meal	26.5	26.1	0.13	0.111
Wheat, hard red	82.6	82.6	0.33	0.934
Corn, yellow dent	83.3	83.7	0.37	0.511

Item	Supplemental protease² 2 Supplemental protease was supplemented at 1.0% (100,000 U/kg of mixed sample).		SEM	P-value
Item	0%	1%	SEM	P-value
Feather meal 1	43.8	48.0	0.33	<0.001
Feather meal 2	39.9	46.1	1.88	0.081
Feather meal 3	56.7	58.7	1.32	0.330
Meat and bone meal	73.8	75.6	1.15	0.322
Soybean meal	89.4	90.2	0.66	0.446
Corn dried distillers grains with solubles	70.8	70.8	0.90	0.998
Copra meal	77.5	85.3	0.78	0.006
Palm kernel meal	65.3	65.7	0.24	0.370
Wheat, hard red	89.4	88.7	0.25	0.119
Corn, yellow dent	84.0	83.6	1.29	0.824

Item	Supplemental protease² 2 Supplemental protease was supplemented at 1.0% (100,000 U/kg of mixed sample).		SEM	P-value
Item	0%	1%	SEM	P-value
Feather meal 1	42.1	43.9	0.38	0.026
Feather meal 2	45.8	47.8	0.69	0.102
Feather meal 3	52.7	55.6	0.32	0.003
Meat and bone meal	84.3	85.9	0.41	0.045
Soybean meal	93.9	94.2	0.35	0.591
Corn dried distillers grains with solubles	54.0	55.9	0.56	0.077
Copra meal	69.6	70.1	0.24	0.193
Palm kernel meal	36.1	37.6	0.42	0.058
Wheat, hard red	87.9	88.4	0.18	0.119
Corn, yellow dent	87.1	88.2	0.33	0.083

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[1] * Corresponding author: beobgyun@naver.com