The studied species were Arctocephalus australis (Zimmermann, 1783) and Arctocephalus tropicalis (Gray, 1872), (five specimens of each one). Anomalies were discussed under the light of theories which relate the ancestry of pinnipeds with the Ursidae; as well as concerning the evolutionary trends supposed for the Otariidae. Pathologies were related to alimentary and reproductive habits.
Pinnipedia; Otariidae; Arctocephalus; anomaly; pathology; teeth