Three females of Cithaeron praedonius O.P.-Cambridge, 1872 (Araneae, Gnaphosoidea, Cithaeronidae), the most widespread species of the family, were found in urban areas in Teresina, capital of the state of Piauí, northeast Brazil. This first record of the family Cithaeronidae to the new world is explained by accidental introduction.
Biogeography; Cithaeron praedonius; distribution; Neotropical