The type localities, depositary museums, taxonomical comments and geographical occurrences of the Neotropical Xeromelissinae are given. Flowers visited and nesting habits of some species are presented. The following new combinations are proposed: Chilicola cupheae (Schrottky,1905) and Chilicola (Anoediscelis) dalmeidai (Moure, 1946). Chilicola friesella is the new name given to Chilicola friesei Herbst, 1920, the homonym resulted by thepublication of Oediscelis friesei Ducke, 1907as Chilicola (Üediscelis) friesei by Michener, 1995.
Hymenoptera; Colletidae; Xeromelissinae; Neotropical
