A study on lhe geographical distribution of Callistomys pictus (Pictet, 1843) based on specimens conserved in museums, bibliography informations, and field observations is presented. The species is endemic to the Atlantic forest of the State of Bahia, Brazil. The destruction of the forests for pasture represents a serious threat to the survival of C. pictus and other species in southern Bahia.
Rodentia; Echimyidae; Callistomys pictus; Bahia; Brazil